terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Somatic embryogenesis and polyploidy in grapevine: morphological shoot and leaf traits variations

Somatic embryogenesis and polyploidy in grapevine: morphological shoot and leaf traits variations

Abstract

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) has been used in a variety of biotechnology applications such as virus elimination, cryopreservation, induced mutagenesis and genetic transformation. The SE induction process may cause DNA alterations and ploidy changes, which may provide a source of genetic variability useful for the improvement of agronomic characteristics of plants. This research aims at investigating the spontaneous alterations of the genome in grapevine plants regenerated through SE. Regenerants obtained from different embryogenic events from three different grapevine genotypes (Catarratto, Frappato and Nero d’Avola) were analysed. Three different DNA-based techniques, were used to verify mutations (RAPD, ISSR and SSR markers). We also estimated the ploidy levels of regenerants and differences were observed for 10% of Frappato regenerants that were tetraploid. The different ploidy levels induced several anatomical/morphological changes of the shoots, mature leaves and stomata, which were larger in tetraploid as compared to diploid regenerants. Also, the number of chloroplasts per guard cell pair was higher in tetraploids as compared to diploids; on the contrary, the stomatal index was lower in tetraploids than in diploids. These profound morphological alterations may influence a wide range of physiological processes related to adaptation to environmental stresses.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Loredana Abbate1, Caterina Catalano1,2, Antonio Motisi1, Dalila Crucitti1, Francesco Carimi1 and Angela Carra1*

1 Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
2 Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy

Contact the author*

Keywords

autopolyploidy, ploidy variability, somatic embryogenesis,  stomatal characteristics, grapevine

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Characterization of the Origin Denomination “Ribeira Sacra”

“Ribeira Sacra” is an origin denomination located between the provinces of Lugo and Ourense, in Galicia (northwest of Spain).

Read More

Tokaj zonation, traditions and future prospects

La superficie actuelle de l’ensemble des vignobles est de 5.293 ha qui est repartie dans 27 communes (données officielles du Conseil National des Communes de montagnes).

Read More

Influence of weather and climatic conditions on the viticultural production in Croatia

The research includes an analysis of the impact of weather conditions on phenological development of the vine and grape quality, through monitoring of four experimental cultivars (Chardonnay, Graševina, Merlot and Plavac mali) over two production years. In each experimental vineyard, which were evenly distributed throughout the regions of Slavonia and The Croatian Danube, Croatian Uplands,

Read More

Diagnosis of soil quality and evaluation of the impact of viticultural practices on soil biodiversity in a Southwestern France vineyard

The soil plays a pivotal role in the agroecological transition processes, due to its numerous implications in production support, water regulation, air and nutrient supply, and its function of reservoir for the major part of planet biodiversity. Therefore, soil quality and adequate soil management are key levers for an ecologically and economically sustainable viticulture. Gascogn’Innov (2017-2022) is an Operational Group funded by the European Innovation Partnership for Agriculture. As such, it gathered winegrowers from the south-west of France (Gascony), scientists, advisors and technicians, around a project focused on the biological functioning of viticultural soil and the design of better-adapted technical paths for soil protection.

Read More

Removal of Fumonisin B1 and B2 from red wine using polymeric substances

The Ability of PVPP (Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone), PVP-DEGMA-TAIC (copolimerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and triallyl isocyanurate) and PAEGDMA
(poly(acrylamide-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate)) polymers was tested as removal agents for Fumonisin B1 (FB1) and Fumonisin B2 (FB2) from model solutions and red wine. The polymers removal capacity was checked at three different resident times (2, 8 and 24 hours of contact time between the polymer and the sample), showing no differences in the percentage of FB1 and FB2 removal. Then, different polymer concentrations (1, 5 and 10 mg mL-1) were tested in model solution with and without phenolics (i.e. gallic acid and 4-methylcatechol).

Read More