terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Somatic embryogenesis and polyploidy in grapevine: morphological shoot and leaf traits variations

Somatic embryogenesis and polyploidy in grapevine: morphological shoot and leaf traits variations

Abstract

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) has been used in a variety of biotechnology applications such as virus elimination, cryopreservation, induced mutagenesis and genetic transformation. The SE induction process may cause DNA alterations and ploidy changes, which may provide a source of genetic variability useful for the improvement of agronomic characteristics of plants. This research aims at investigating the spontaneous alterations of the genome in grapevine plants regenerated through SE. Regenerants obtained from different embryogenic events from three different grapevine genotypes (Catarratto, Frappato and Nero d’Avola) were analysed. Three different DNA-based techniques, were used to verify mutations (RAPD, ISSR and SSR markers). We also estimated the ploidy levels of regenerants and differences were observed for 10% of Frappato regenerants that were tetraploid. The different ploidy levels induced several anatomical/morphological changes of the shoots, mature leaves and stomata, which were larger in tetraploid as compared to diploid regenerants. Also, the number of chloroplasts per guard cell pair was higher in tetraploids as compared to diploids; on the contrary, the stomatal index was lower in tetraploids than in diploids. These profound morphological alterations may influence a wide range of physiological processes related to adaptation to environmental stresses.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Loredana Abbate1, Caterina Catalano1,2, Antonio Motisi1, Dalila Crucitti1, Francesco Carimi1 and Angela Carra1*

1 Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
2 Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy

Contact the author*

Keywords

autopolyploidy, ploidy variability, somatic embryogenesis,  stomatal characteristics, grapevine

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Evaluation of spraying effects of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle on two different training systems of vine in Northeast China

In recent years, the application of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in agricultural pest control has become more and more popular. However, there are few reports about the application of plant protection UAV for wine grapes, and there are no studies comparing the spraying effect of plant protection UAV with that of manual operation in vineyards. In this context, the objective of this study was to explore the feasibility of using plant protection UAV in vineyards instead of manual operations by evaluating the effectiveness of UAV spray in two common grape training systems in Northeast China.

Read More

Back to the roots: how an underutilised biotechnological tool can support research to improve grapevine resilience against biotic stressors in an unpredictable future

Hairy roots (HRs) are a symptom of a natural genetic modification by the soil-borne phytopathogen Rhizobium rhizogenes.

Read More

Terroirs de Balagne: focus sur le Vermentinu

Depuis 2002, le CIVAM de la région Corse, a entrepris une étude des terroirs viticoles de l’appellation AOC Corse-Calvi (Balagne), comprenant la cartographie des terroirs à potentialité viticole

Read More

Creativini: an augmented reality card game to promote the learning of the reasoning process of a technical management route for making wine 

Nowadays, the entire viticultural and enological process is wisely thought out according to the style of wine to be produced and the local climatic conditions. Acquiring the approach of a technical management route specific for wine production remains a complex learning process for students. To enhance such learning, The Ecole d’Ingénieurs de PURPAN (PURPAN), an engineering school located in Toulouse southwest France, has recently developed Creativini, a collaborative card game in English made of 150 cards spread into 14 batches. Students in groups of 3 to 6 must design a technical production route, from plant material to bottling.

Read More

Determining sub-appellations in Ontario’s wine regions

Vintners Quality Alliance (VQA) Ontario, (Alliance de qualité Vintners) est responsable de l’administration et de l’imposition des normes en liaison avec la qualité du vin, l’appellation d’origine, les variétés de raisin et les méthodes de production. Des vins produits selon les règlements de VQA sont actuellement étiquetés de trois distinctes mais larges régions d’appellation

Read More