terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Somatic embryogenesis and polyploidy in grapevine: morphological shoot and leaf traits variations

Somatic embryogenesis and polyploidy in grapevine: morphological shoot and leaf traits variations

Abstract

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) has been used in a variety of biotechnology applications such as virus elimination, cryopreservation, induced mutagenesis and genetic transformation. The SE induction process may cause DNA alterations and ploidy changes, which may provide a source of genetic variability useful for the improvement of agronomic characteristics of plants. This research aims at investigating the spontaneous alterations of the genome in grapevine plants regenerated through SE. Regenerants obtained from different embryogenic events from three different grapevine genotypes (Catarratto, Frappato and Nero d’Avola) were analysed. Three different DNA-based techniques, were used to verify mutations (RAPD, ISSR and SSR markers). We also estimated the ploidy levels of regenerants and differences were observed for 10% of Frappato regenerants that were tetraploid. The different ploidy levels induced several anatomical/morphological changes of the shoots, mature leaves and stomata, which were larger in tetraploid as compared to diploid regenerants. Also, the number of chloroplasts per guard cell pair was higher in tetraploids as compared to diploids; on the contrary, the stomatal index was lower in tetraploids than in diploids. These profound morphological alterations may influence a wide range of physiological processes related to adaptation to environmental stresses.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Loredana Abbate1, Caterina Catalano1,2, Antonio Motisi1, Dalila Crucitti1, Francesco Carimi1 and Angela Carra1*

1 Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
2 Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy

Contact the author*

Keywords

autopolyploidy, ploidy variability, somatic embryogenesis,  stomatal characteristics, grapevine

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Combined use of leaf removal and natural shading to delay grape ripening in Manto negro (Vitis vinifera L.) under deficit irrigation 

The increasingly frequent heat waves during grape ripening pose challenges for premium wine grape production. This makes the development of irrigation and canopy management techniques of great importance to maximize yield and grape quality. A field experiment was carried out during 2021 and 2022 using Manto negro wine grapes to study the effect of two irrigation strategies and different light exposure levels on grape quality.

Read More

Zoning influence in chromatic parameters in Monastrell grape

Zoning analysis determine homogeneous areas principally from the point of view of the medium, giving as a result a map which cartographic units synthesize the relations between the edaphic factors; morphological factors of the soil and climatic factors

Read More

Exploring the behavior of alternatives to montmorillonite clays in white wine protein stabilization

Visual clarity in wines is crucial for commercial purposes [1]. Potential protein haze in white wines remains a constant concern in wineries, commonly addressed using bentonite [2].

Read More

Hyperspectral imaging and machine learning for monitoring grapevine physiology

Rootstocks are gaining importance in viticulture as a strategy to combat abiotic challenges, as well as enhancing scion physiology and attributes. Therefore, understanding how the rootstock affects photosynthesis is insightful for genetic improvement of either genotype in the grafted grapevines. Photosynthetic parameters such as maximum rate of carboxylation of RuBP (Vcmax) and the maximum rate of electron transport driving RuBP regeneration (Jmax) have been identified as ideal targets for breeding and genetic studies. However, techniques used to directly measure these photosynthetic parameters are limited to the single leaf level and are time-consuming measurements.

Read More

“Un grande theatro di amenissimi colli”: “tutti coltivati et abondanti di frutti eccellentissimi e di buonissime viti”

[lwp_divi_breadcrumbs home_text="IVES" use_before_icon="on" before_icon="||divi||400" module_id="publication-ariane" _builder_version="4.19.4" _module_preset="default" module_text_align="center" text_orientation="center" custom_margin="65px||18px||false|false"...
Read More