terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Protection of genetic diversity: maintenance and developements of a grapevine genebank in Hungary

Protection of genetic diversity: maintenance and developements of a grapevine genebank in Hungary

Abstract

Among the items preserved in gene banks, the old standard and autochthonous varieties represent an increasing value, since these varieties may have properties to make their cultivation more effective under changing climatic conditions. The increasingly extreme weather is a huge challenge for the viticulture. Collectional varieties can also play important role in protection against pests and pathogens. A genebank ensures not only the preservation of rare varieties, but also gives the opportunity for more knowledge and research of these varieties.
Our main goal is to further develop national grape database, namely collecting and managing ampelographic and ampelometric descriptive data (OIV descriptors), imaging files, providing information on the origin of the varieties based on the data related to their pedigree, including parents, family trees and offspring.
We examine all 1.570 items in our gene bank with special attention to about 117 grape varieties autochthonous to the Carpathian Basin. From this collection more than 50 varieties can neither be found in national genebanks, nor in larger international collections, such as Bakhtiori Chernyi, Balsare Blanc, Cornucopia, Jabizlak, Piros Gránát, Kárpáti Rizling, Krabljak, Sesh i Zi, Polombina, or Tuingirni kara. Some of them are native to the Carpathian Basin, while others are mostly oriental origin. The genebank contains individuals propagated from the methuselah vine stock of Europe, such as the 450-500-year-old Rosa Menna di Vacca in city of Pécs (validated by SSR markers). Our research is also enriched by the Zametovka variety growing in Maribor (Slovenia), which considered as the oldest vine in Europe.
As a result of our work, the database system will also provide data obtained by molecular methods (SSR, SNP), which identify the genotypes supporting for the discovery of further relationships and for further research about the origin of the domesticated grapevine.
The most important international and autochthonous varieties of the genebank will be analyzed on berry skin and flesh anthocyanin composition as well as aroma profiles.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 14, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Krisztian Gaal1, Janos Werner1, Balazs Szabo1, Martin Pour Nikfardjam2, Peter Teszlak1

1 University of Pécs, Research Institute for Viticulture and Enology H-7634 Pécs, Pázmány P.u.4., Hungary
2 Staatliche Lehr- und Versuchsanstalt für Wein- und Obstbau D-74189 Weinsberg Weinsberg Traubenplatz 5, Germany

Contact the author*

Keywords

Grapevine, Germplasm, Autochthonous varieties, Maintenance, Clonal selection, Breeding

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Predicting provenance and grapevine cultivar implementing machine learning on vineyard soil microbiome data: implications in grapevine breeding

The plant rhizosphere microbial communities are an essential component of plant microbiota, which is crucial for sustaining the production of healthy crops. The main drivers of the composition of such communities are the growing environment and the planted genotype. Recent viticulture studies focus on understanding the effects of these factors on soil microbial composition since microbial biodiversity is an important determinant of plant phenotype, and of wine’s organoleptic properties. Microbial biodiversity of different wine regions, for instance, is an important determinant of wine terroir.

Read More

Effects of a new vacuum evaporation method on chemical and sensory properties of must and wine

A new process for vacuum evaporation was developed where evaporation takes place near the inner surface of a vortex produced by a rotor submerged in the liquid. Contrary to the state of the art the Vortex rotor process does not need a vacuum vessel but the rotating liquid creates a geometrically stable low pressure void surrounded by a vortex stabilized by the equilibrium between centrifugal forces and the pressure difference. First tests with water and sugar solutions at concentrations similar to grape must were conducted to verify the theoretical predictions, test the performance under different conditions and study the effect of various process parameters (Rösti et al 2015).

Read More

Evaluation of grape and wine quality according to harvest date, in a tropical region in Northeast Brazil

The Northeast region of Brazil is characterized by a semi-arid climate, has produced tropical wines since twenty years ago. The region is located at 09º 09’ South, 40º 22’ West, 365.5 m

Read More

Effects of grapevine mycorrhizal association on fine root dynamics depend on rootstock genotype

Context and Purpose of the study. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis with grapevines is a key component of vineyard ecosystems.

Read More

MAPPING OF GAS-PHASE CO₂ IN THE HEADSPACE OF CHAMPAGNE GLASSES BY USING AN INFRARED LASER SENSOR UNDER STATIC TASTING CONDITIONS

From the chemical angle, Champagne wines are complex hydro-alcoholic mixtures supersaturated with dissolved carbon dioxide (CO₂). During the pouring process and throughout the several minutes of tasting, the headspace of a champagne glass is progressively invaded by many chemical species, including gas-phase CO₂ in large majority. CO₂ bubbles nucleated in the glass and collapsing at the champagne surface act indeed as a continuous paternoster lift for aromas throughout champagne or sparkling wine tasting [1]. Nevertheless, inhaling a gas space with a concentration of gaseous CO₂ close to 30% and higher triggers a very unpleasant tingling sensation, the so-called “carbonic bite”, which might completely perturb the perception of the wine’s bouquet.

Read More