Armenia: historical origin of domesticated grapevine

As greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, climate projections indicate an increased likelihood of heat waves and drier conditions in canada. these changes pose significant challenges to grapevine cultivation, particularly during critical growth stages such as new plantings. interspecific hybrid grape varieties, developed through different breeding programs that combine vitis vinifera with more robust species like v. riparia and v. labrusca varieties, are often touted for their potential resilience to environmental stress.

The article presents the results of a study on the technological features of producing sparkling wines of the Pétillant Naturel (Pet-Nat) type, made using the ancestral method from the Muscat Ottonel and Pinot Noir grape varieties.

Wineries can increase their economic and environmental sustainability by optimizing the winemaking procedures, from harvest to wine maturation and conservation. Based on analytical data of the chemical composition and wine sensory evaluation, the enologist makes his own decision regarding the enological interventions at the harvest date selection, winemaking and post-winemaking.

The color is the first attribute perceived by consumers and a major factor determining the quality of red wines. This depends mainly on the content of grape anthocyanins and their extraction into the juice/wine during winemaking. Furthermore, these compounds can undergo reactions that influence the chemical and sensory characteristics of the wine. Monomeric forms are prone to oxidation and adsorption on solid parts.

High-power ultrasounds have been related to an accelerated aging of wines, an effect that has been associated to the formation of radical species caused by the cavitation phenomenon [1]. This phenomenon consists of the formation of bubbles in the liquid medium that, when they collapse, cause high-pressure hot spots and temperatures of up to 4800 k [2], notably increasing the reactivity in the medium.