terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2024 9 Orals - Viticulture, table grapes, dried grapes and unfermented grape products 9 The influence of RNAi-expressing rootstocks in controlling grey mold on grapevine cultivars

The influence of RNAi-expressing rootstocks in controlling grey mold on grapevine cultivars

Abstract

Worldwide, with an average of 6.7 million cultivated hectares, of which exclusively 51% in europe (faostat, 2021), the production of table and wine grapes is a leading sector, with continued growth in europe in the area devoted to vine cultivation. During the growing season, most of the plant organs can be susceptible to several fungal and oomycete diseases, leading to important economic losses and causing detrimental effects on fruit quality. The increasingly scarce availability of fungicidal products, often also related to their relative impact on the environment, coupled with the emergence of resistance in the pathogen to these products, make defence increasingly challenging. In this perspective, the rnai-conserved mechanism can modulate target pathogen gene expression, activated by the presence of double-stranded rna molecules. Dsrnas can be constitutively expressed in grapevine plants, through genetic engineering techniques since an efficient in vitro regeneration and transformation protocol must be adapted and optimized to the genotype of interest. The generation of grapevine plants expressing hairpin gene constructs aiming at the downregulation of botrytis cinerea dicer-like genes 1 and 2 has been optimized in the model cultivar thompson seedless. Considering modern viticulture, which is based on the cultivation of grapevine cultivars grafted onto hybrid vitis rootstocks, the opportunity of having rootstocks capable of producing active long or small dsrnas targeting fungal rnas could have important implications as new defense strategies. Further experiments of trans-grafting highlighted the potentiality to use the plant expressing lines as rootstocks, opening the possibility to cultivate as a scion the elite cultivars selected.

Influenza di portinnesti rnai nel controllo della muffa grigia in varietà di vite 

A livello globale, con una coltivazione di circa 6,7 milioni di ettari, di cui il 51% esclusivamente in europa (faostat, 2021), la produzione di uva da tavola e da vino rappresenta un settore agricolo primario, che ha visto una continua crescita in europa, specialmente nelle aree vocate alla coltivazione della vite. Durante la stagione di crescita, molti organi della pianta possono essere suscettibili all’attacco di molteplici malattie fungine e da oomiceti, che portano a danni economici diretti per la mancata produzione o effetti negativi sulla qualità dei frutti. La crescente scarsità di adeguati prodotti ad azione fungicida, talvolta correlata al relativo impatto sull’ambiente e all’insorgenza di meccanismi di resistenza ai principi attivi nei patogeni, rende la lotta contro queste avversità sempre più ardua. In questa prospettiva, il meccanismo evolutivamente conservato dell’rnai può modulare l’espressione genica dei patogeni target, attivato dalla presenza di molecole di rna a doppio filamento (dsrna). I dsrna possono essere costitutivamente espressi in piante di vite, attraverso tecniche di ingegneria genetica, che richiedono un’ottimizzazione dei protocolli di rigenerazione in vitro e trasformazione adattati ai genotipi di interesse. La produzione di piante esprimenti costrutti genici a forcina atti alla sotto-espressione dei geni dicer-like 1 e 2 di botrytis cinerea è stata ottimizzata nella cultivar modello thompson seedless. Considerando che la moderna viticoltura si basa sulla coltivazione di varietà europee di vite innestate su portinnesti ibridi di vite, l’opportunità di avere portinnesti in grado di produrre lunghi o piccoli rna attivi contro rna di funghi può avere importanti implicazioni come strategia alternativa di difesa. Esperimenti di trans-grafting hanno evidenziato la potenzialità di impiegare le linee geneticamente modificate come portinnesti, aprendo la possibilità di innestare su di essi le cultivar di vite selezionate.

Publication date: November 18, 2024

Issue: OIV 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Luca Capriotti¹, Michela Cecchin², Barbara Molesini², Silvia Sabbadini¹, Tiziana Pandolfini², Hailing Jin³, Oriano Navacchi⁴, Gian Luca Mordenti⁵, Luca Casoli⁶, Bruno Mezzetti¹

¹ Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche 10, Ancona, Italy
² University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, Verona, Italy
³ University of California, Riverside, 900 University Ave, Riverside, United States of America
⁴ Vitroplant Italia S.r.l, Via Loreto 170, Cesena, Italy
⁵ Ampelos, Via Tebano 45, Faenza, Italy
⁶ Consorzio Fitosanitario di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Gualerzi 32, Reggio Emilia, Italy

Contact the author*

Tags

IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Carbon footprint in Austrian viticulture – Evaluation of the main polluters and possible solutions in entire the production chain

The sustainability certification ‘nachhaltig austria’ (www.sustainableaustria.com) has been offered to austrian wineries in an online version for 10 years and over 25% of the austrian wine-growing area is now certified. Since the 2022 harvest, ‘nachhaltig austria’ has automatically calculated the carbon footprint for each winery, per hectare of vineyard, per litre of bulk wine and per 0.75-litre bottle (poelz, w. And rosner, f.g. 2023). In last year’s publications and numerous presentations at national and international level, topics such as refilling glass bottles, lightweight glass bottles, renewable energy, … Etc.

Exploring diversified service offerings in the Spanish wine industry

The spanish wine industry stands at a crossroads, transitioning from a traditional emphasis on wine production to a landscape increasingly characterized by diversified service offerings. This paper delves into the nuances of servitization within spanish wineries, investigating the determinants of servitization and the impact of these diversified services on revenue streams. The paper posits hypotheses concerning the influence of various factors, such as winery size, location, market orientation, ownership structure, market competition, regulatory environment, market demand, firm capabilities, owner characteristics, and firm age, on the adoption of diversified service offerings in spanish wineries. The methodology involves comprehensive regression analysis to unravel the drivers of servitization within this context.

The evolution of wine tourism: trends, challenges and opportunities for the future

The wine tourism industry has experienced significant transformation over the past years, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Technical innovation and quality control of wine production in China

Recent decades have witnessed an evolving trend of diverse product types, improved quality, and green, low-carbon, and sustainable development in chinese wine market. A quality evaluation system, namely, with a dual orientation of “flavor compounds” and “sensory evaluation” is used as guidance for winemaking innovation in China.

Effect of different plant fibers on the elimination of undesirable compounds in red wine 

The presence of undesirable compounds in wines, such as ota, biogenic amines and pesticides residues, affects wine quality and can cause health problems for the consumer. Additionally, an excess of tannins can produce an undesirable increase in the astringency and bitterness of the wine, so tannins are also a target for reduction. The main tool that a winemaker has to reduce their content in the wine is fining. However, some of the fining agents commonly used in the winery can cause allergies or even increase the protein content in the wine, increasing the turbidity.