Terroir 2016 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Terroir effects from the reflectance spectra of the canopy of vineyards in four viticultural regions

Terroir effects from the reflectance spectra of the canopy of vineyards in four viticultural regions

Abstract

Knowledge of the reflectance spectrum of grape leaves is important to the identification of grape varieties in images of viticultural regions where several cultivars co-exist. As a non-destructive technique, spectroradiometry delivers reflectance spectra with high signal-to-noise ratios.

This work reports results from field measurements of the reflectance spectra of five grape varieties in the spectral range 450nm to 2500nm, performed in south Brazil. Four viticultural regions were visited, with different soils originated from basalt, granite, and sandstone. In vivo measurements of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Chardonnay and Italian Riesling were performed. All spectra were normalized to have unit area and were compared. The very high signal/noise ratio allowed the systematic detection of subtle spectral features of each variety, with intensities of the order of 10-4 to 10-5 with respect to the normalized reflectance range from 0 to 1. These spectral features were attributed to differentiation factors as the presence of pigments in leaves, which has an impact in leaf texture and so in infrared reflectance. Spectral differentiation due to terroir effects was also investigated.

The spectral database was subjected to statistical discriminant analysis to search for separation either of grape varieties and terroirs/regions. Grape varieties and terroirs were separated to accuracies of up to 100%. This methodology can be applied to zoning studies which look for typicity parameters; besides, a detailed knowledge of the spectral signatures of grape varieties can be relevant to the development of identification algorithms used to classify remote sensing images of viticultural regions where several cultivars are present, and to in-field inspections using radiometers.

Download the PDF

DOI:

Publication date: June 23, 2020

Issue: Terroir 2016

Type: Article

Authors

Jorge Ricardo DUCATI (1), Magno G. BOMBASSARO (1), Diniz C. ARRUDA (1), Virindiana C. BORTOLOTTO (2), Rosemary HOFF (3)

(1) Remote Sensing Center, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Goncalves 9500, CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil
(2) Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Alexandre Ferronato 1200, CEP 78557-267 Sinop, Brazil
(3) Centro Nacional de Pesquisas em Uva e Vinho, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Rua Livramento 515, CEP 95700-000 Bento Goncalves, Brazil

Contact the author

Keywords

Remote Sensing, Spectroradiometry, Soils, Reflectance, Classification

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2016

Citation

Related articles…

From precursor identification to the study of the distribution of 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione in red wines and spirits

Prematurely aged red wines are marked by intense prune and fig aromatic nuances that dominate the complex bouquet that can be achieved through bottle aging.

Read More

An infrared laser sensor to characterize the gaseous headspace of champagne glasses under static and swirling conditions

Right after the pouring of champagne in a glass, thousands of rising and bursting bubbles convey gas-phase CO2 and volatile organic compounds in the headspace above the champagne surface, thus progressively modifying the gaseous chemical space perceived by the consumer [1]

Read More

Does spotted lanternfly phloem-feeding have downstream effects on wine volatiles? Preliminary insights into compositional shifts

The Spotted lanternfly (SLF), first detected in the U.S. in 2014, is an invasive phloem-feeding planthopper that poses a growing threat to grape and wine production in the U.S. In Pennsylvania, where it was first detected, reductions in grapevine production and fruit quality have been reported by commercial growers. Recent advances have begun to elucidate how SLF affects grapevine physiology and resource allocation, but no research has identified how SLF affects wine chemical composition and quality. Documented reductions in fruit sugar allocation due to heavy SLF phloem-feeding may have downstream effects on wine fermentation dynamics. Additionally, secondary metabolic responses stimulated by SLF may also influence berry chemical composition. The present study investigated SLF-mediated effects on wine composition through analysis of the volatile composition of wines produced from white- and red-fruited varieties of different Vitis parentage (e.g., Vitis vinifera vs. interspecific hybrids) following prolonged exposure to adult SLF phloem-feeding.

Read More

Study of grape-ripening process variability using mid infrared spectroscopy

To obtain a quality wine, it is necessary to collect grapes in an optimal state of maturation, so the control of the ripening process is fundamental for the viticulturist.

Read More

Impact of varying ethanol and carbonation levels on the odor threshold of 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphtalene (petrol off-flavor) and role of berry size and Riesling clones

1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphtelene (TDN) evokes the odor of “petrol” in wine, especially in the variety Riesling. Increasing UV-radiation due to climate change intensifies formation of carotenoids in the berry skins and an increase of TDN-precursors1. Exploring new viticultural and oenological strategies to limit TDN formation in the future requires precise knowledge of TDN thresholds in different matrices. Thresholds reported in the literature vary substantially between 2 µg/L up to 20 µg/L2,3,4 due to the use of different methods. As Riesling grapes are used for very different wine styles such as dry, sweet or sparkling wines, it is essential to study the impact of varying ethanol and carbonation levels.

Read More