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IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2024 9 Orals - Viticulture, table grapes, dried grapes and unfermented grape products 9 Oenological potential of wines and agronomical characterisation of grapes from five white resistant Italian varieties at Serra Gaúcha, Southern Brazil

Oenological potential of wines and agronomical characterisation of grapes from five white resistant Italian varieties at Serra Gaúcha, Southern Brazil

Abstract

Rio grande do sul is the main grape producing state in brazil, with the largest wine-growing area, responsible by 90% of the national production of wines and grape juices. Serra gaúcha is the main vitivinicultural region, where around 15% of the area is destined to produce wines from vitis vinifera l. Grapes. This region presents high rainfall during the grape maturation cycle, a factor that leads to great risk of attacks by fungal pathogens. The use of resistant varieties can reduce the cost and quantity of spraying, improving wine quality, focusing on a sustainable vitiviniculture. In this sense, the objective of the study was to evaluate the productivity of the vines and the oenological potential of white grapes from italian varieties resistant to downy mildew, introduced for testing in the region. The experiment was performed in a randomized trial with two blocks, consisting of 12 plants each, vine spacing of 1.15m between plants and 2.30m between rows. The white varieties were fleurtai, soreli, sauvignon nepis, sauvignon kretos, sauvignon rytos, grafted onto the paulsen 1103 rootstock. The agronomic characteristics and oenological potential of the varieties were evaluated. Individual phenolic compounds were analyzed in skins+pulp, seeds and wines by uplc/ms. The results were submitted to analysis of variance (anova) and comparison of means using the tukey test at 5% probability level.  The varieties presented a cycle ranging from 160 to 183 dap, confirming their resistance to downy mildew in 2021 vintage. Fleurtai variety presented the highest productivity (17,246 kg ha-1), while sauvignon nepis variety presented the lowest yield (1,529 kg ha-1). There was no statistical differences for total soluble sugars, but significant differences for total acidity and ph of grapes at harvest. According to phenolic compounds, sauvignon kretos grapes presented higher levels of total flavanols+stilbenes in skin+pulp and seed extracts, while soreli grapes presented higher levels of total flavanols and caftaric acid in skin+pulp extracts. In wines, fleurtai showed higher concentrations of the following phenolic compounds: isoquercetin, trans-resveratrol, epicatechin gallate, catechin, caftaric acid and the sum of flavonols and stilbenes. Exept for nepis, all other varieties showed good adaptation and productivity in the region and can be recommended commercially for winemaking of different styles of wines, among young and/or ageing. Keywords: vitis vinifera l.; resistant varieties; grapes; wines; sustainability.

Potentiel œnologique des vins et caractérisation agronomique des raisins de cinq cépages italiens résistants au blanc à Serra Gaúcha, sud du Brésil 

Le rio grande do sul  est le principal état producteur de raisin du Brésil, avec la plus grande superficie viticole, responsable de 90 % de la production nationale de vins et de jus de raisin. Serra Gaúcha est la principale région vitivinicole, où environ 15 % de la superficie est destinée à produire des vins à partir des raisins vitis vinifera L.. Cette région présente de fortes précipitations pendant le cycle de maturation du raisin, un facteur qui entraîne un grand risque d’attaques de pathogènes fongiques. L’utilisation de variétés résistantes peut réduire le coût et la quantité des pulvérisations, améliorant ainsi la qualité du vin, en privilégiant une vitiviniculture durable. En ce sens, l’objectif de l’étude était d’évaluer la productivité des vignes et le potentiel œnologique des raisins blancs issus de cépages italiens résistants au mildiou, introduits pour tests dans la région. L’expérimentation a été réalisée dans le cadre d’un essai randomisé avec deux blocs de 12 plants chacun, espacés de 1,15 m entre les plants et de 2,30 m entre les rangs. Les cépages blancs étaient fleurtai, soreli, sauvignon nepis, sauvignon kretos, sauvignon rytos, greffés sur le porte-greffe paulsen 1103. Les caractéristiques agronomiques et le potentiel œnologique des variétés ont été évalués. Les composés phénoliques individuels ont été analysés dans les peaux+pulpes, les graines et les vins par uplc/ms. Les résultats ont été soumis à une analyse de variance (anova) et à une comparaison des moyennes à l’aide du test de tukey à un niveau de probabilité de 5 %. Les variétés ont présenté un cycle allant de 160 à 183 dap, confirmant leur résistance au mildiou sur le millésime 2021. La variété fleurtai a présenté la productivité la plus élevée (17 246 kg ha-1), tandis que la variété sauvignon nepis a présenté le rendement le plus faible (1 529 kg ha-1). Il n’y avait pas de différences statistiques pour les sucres solubles totaux, mais des différences significatives pour l’acidité totale et le ph des raisins à la récolte. Selon les composés phénoliques, les raisins sauvignon kretos présentaient des niveaux plus élevés de flavanols totaux + stilbènes dans les extraits de peau + pulpe et de graines, tandis que les raisins soreli présentaient des niveaux plus élevés de flavanols totaux et d’acide caftarique dans les extraits de peau + pulpe. Dans les vins, fleurtai a montré des concentrations plus élevées des composés phénoliques suivants : isoquercétine, trans-resvératrol, gallate d’épicatéchine, catéchine, acide caftarique et la somme des flavonols et des stilbènes. A l’exception du nepis, tous les autres cépages ont montré une bonne adaptation et productivité dans la région et peuvent être recommandés commercialement pour la vinification de différents styles de vins, jeunes et/ou de garde.

Potencial enológico de vinos y caracterización agronómica de uvas de cinco variedades italianas blancas resistentes en Serra Gaúcha, sur de Brasil. 

Rio grande do sul es el principal estado productor de uva de brasil, con la mayor superficie vitivinícola, responsable por el 90% de la producción nacional de vinos y jugos de uva. La Serra Gaúcha es la principal región vitivinícola, donde alrededor del 15% del área se destina a la producción de vinos a partir de uvas vitis vinifera L.. Esta región presenta altas precipitaciones durante el ciclo de maduración de la uva, factor que conlleva un gran riesgo de ataques de hongos patógenos. El uso de variedades resistentes puede reducir el coste y la cantidad de pulverizaciones, mejorando la calidad del vino, centrándose en una vitivinicultura sostenible. En este sentido, el objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la productividad de las vides y el potencial enológico de uvas blancas procedentes de variedades italianas resistentes al mildiú, introducidas para pruebas en la región. El experimento se realizó en un ensayo aleatorio con dos bloques, compuestos por 12 plantas cada uno, con un espaciamiento de cepas de 1,15 m entre plantas y 2,30 m entre hileras. Las variedades blancas fueron fleurtai, soreli, sauvignon nepis, sauvignon kretos, sauvignon rytos, injertadas sobre el portainjerto paulsen 1103. Se evaluaron las características agronómicas y el potencial enológico de las variedades. Se analizaron compuestos fenólicos individuales en hollejos+pulpa, semillas y vinos mediante uplc/ms. Los resultados fueron sometidos a análisis de varianza (anova) y comparación de medias mediante la prueba de tukey al nivel de probabilidad del 5%. Las variedades presentaron un ciclo que osciló entre 160 y 183 dds, confirmando su resistencia al mildiú velloso en la cosecha 2021. La variedad fleurtai presentó la mayor productividad (17.246 kg ha-1), mientras que la variedad sauvignon nepis presentó el menor rendimiento (1.529 kg ha-1). No hubo diferencias estadísticas para los azúcares solubles totales, pero sí diferencias significativas para la acidez total y el ph de las uvas al momento de la cosecha. Según los compuestos fenólicos, las uvas sauvignon kretos presentaron niveles más altos de flavanoles totales + estilbenos en los extractos de piel + pulpa y semillas, mientras que las uvas soreli presentaron niveles más altos de flavanoles totales y ácido caftárico en los extractos de piel + pulpa. En los vinos, fleurtai mostró mayores concentraciones de los siguientes compuestos fenólicos: isoquercetina, trans-resveratrol, galato de epicatequina, catequina, ácido caftárico y la suma de flavonoles y estilbenos. A excepción de nepis, todas las demás variedades mostraron buena adaptación y productividad en la región y pueden ser recomendadas comercialmente para la elaboración de diferentes estilos de vinos, entre jóvenes y/o añejos.

Publication date: November 18, 2024

Issue: OIV 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Leonardo Silva Campos¹, Juliane Barreto de Oliveira², Carolina Ragoni Maniero¹, Leonardo Augusto Cerutti², Carlos Artur Nascimento Alves³, Yolanda Selum Diogo², Leo Duc Haa Carson Schwarzhaupt da Conceição², Adeliano Cargnin², Mauro Celso Zanus², Giuliano Elias Pereira²

¹ São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences – Av. Universitária, n° 3780, Botucatu – SP, Botucatu, Brazil
² Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Uva e Vinho) – St. Livramento, n° 515, Bento Gonçalves – RS, Bento Gonçalves, Brazil
³ Centro Universitário INTA – UNINTA, Sobral, Brazil

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Tags

IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2024

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