terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2024 9 Orals - Oenology, methods of analysis 9 Energy optimization of the Charmat-Martinotti refermentation process

Energy optimization of the Charmat-Martinotti refermentation process

Abstract

The European Union has estimated that energy consumption for wine production is about 1,750 million kwh per year, of which 500 million kwh is attributable to Italy. In recent years, italy has emerged as the world’s leading wine producer with about 50 million hectoliters per year. About 20 percent (9.8 million hectoliters) of Italian wine is marketed after refermentation according to the Charmat-Martinotti method. In general, wine production and storage processes require a large amount of electricity, which is spent mainly for cooling the product during most of the processing stages. Depending on the type of adopted transformation process, however, some distinctions can be made. Research mainly focused on must fermentation process for still wine production, while the production of sparkling and semi-sparkling wines (e.g. Prosecco) has not been fully explored yet. However, it has been found that refermentation requires continuous and relevant energy supply over time and it offers significant opportunities in terms of efficiency improvement through technologies and process optimization strategies. The objective of this research is to identify methodologies and best practices to optimize the energy requirements for the refermentation process with the aim of reducing waste and increasing the sustainability of sparkling and semi-sparkling wines production. Starting with an analysis of the scientific literature, the main energy efficiency and production process optimization techniques within the wine sector have been identified. These techniques have been supplemented with case studies and simulations.

Ottimizzazione energetica del processo di rifermentazione charmat-martinotti

L’Unione Europea ha stimato che il consumo energetico per la produzione di vino è di circa 1.750 milioni di kwh all’anno, di cui 500 milioni di kwh sono attribuibili all’Italia. Negli ultimi anni, l’Italia si è affermata come il principale produttore di vino al mondo con circa 50 milioni di ettolitri all’anno. Circa il 20 percento (9,8 milioni di ettolitri) del vino italiano viene commercializzato dopo la rifermentazione secondo il metodo Charmat-Martinotti. In generale, i processi di produzione e conservazione del vino richiedono una grande quantità di elettricità, utilizzata principalmente per raffreddare il prodotto durante la maggior parte delle fasi di lavorazione. Tuttavia, a seconda del tipo di processo di trasformazione adottato, possono essere fatte alcune distinzioni. La ricerca si è concentrata principalmente sul processo di fermentazione del mosto per la produzione di vino fermo, mentre la produzione di vini frizzanti e semi-frizzanti (es. Prosecco) non è stata ancora esplorata a fondo. E stato tuttavia riscontrato che la rifermentazione richiede un fornimento energetico continuo e significativo nel tempo e offre notevoli opportunità in termini di miglioramento dell’efficienza attraverso tecnologie e strategie di ottimizzazione del processo. L’obiettivo di questa ricerca è identificare metodologie e migliori pratiche per ottimizzare i requisiti energetici per il processo di rifermentazione con lo scopo di ridurre gli sprechi e aumentare la sostenibilità della produzione di vini frizzanti e semi-frizzanti. Partendo da un’analisi della letteratura scientifica, sono state identificate le principali tecniche di efficienza energetica e di ottimizzazione del processo produttivo nel settore vinicolo. Queste tecniche sono state integrate con studi di caso e simulazioni.

Optimisation énergétique du processus de réfermentation charmat-martinotti

L’Union Européenne a estimé que la consommation d’énergie pour la production de vin est d’environ 1 750 millions de kwh par an, dont 500 millions de kwh sont attribuables à l’italie. Ces dernières années, l’Italie s’est imposée comme le principal producteur de vin au monde avec environ 50 millions d’hectolitres par an. Environ 20 pour cent (9,8 millions d’hectolitres) du vin italien est commercialisé après une refermentation selon la méthode Charmat-Martinotti. En général, les processus de production et de stockage du vin nécessitent une grande quantité d’électricité, principalement utilisée pour refroidir le produit pendant la plupart des étapes de traitement. Cependant, en fonction du type de processus de transformation adopté, certaines distinctions peuvent être faites. La recherche s’est principalement concentrée sur le processus de fermentation du moût pour la production de vin tranquille, tandis que la production de vins pétillants et semi-pétillants (par exemple, le prosecco) n’a pas encore été entièrement explorée. Il a cependant été constaté que la refermentation nécessite un approvisionnement énergétique continu et significatif dans le temps et offre des opportunités importantes en termes d’amélioration de l’efficacité grâce à des technologies et des stratégies d’optimisation des processus. L’objectif de cette recherche est d’identifier des méthodologies et des meilleures pratiques pour optimiser les besoins énergétiques pour le processus de refermentation dans le but de réduire les déchets et d’augmenter la durabilité de la production de vins pétillants et semi-pétillants. A partir d’une analyse de la littérature scientifique, les principales techniques d’efficacité énergétique et d’optimisation du processus de production dans le secteur vinicole ont été identifiées. Ces techniques ont été complétées par des études de cas et des simulations.

Publication date: November 18, 2024

Issue: OIV 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Gellio Ciotti¹, Alessandro Zironi¹, Andrea Buzzino¹, Giovanni Cortella¹, Roberto Zironi¹

¹ Università degli studi di Udine – Italy

Contact the author*

Tags

IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2024

Citation

Related articles…

An effective approach to mitigating ochratoxin A (OTA) levels in wine with minor impact on wine quality

OTA occurrence in wine is well-documented, with higher levels typically found in red (< 0.01-7.63 μg/l), followed by rose (0.01-2.40 μg/l) and white wine (<0.01-1.72 μg/l). Incidence rates are nOTAble, with studies showing OTA present in 53% of 521 red wines, 69% of 98 rose, and 61% of 301 white wines analysed. In europe, wine is estimated to be the second source of OTA intake after cereals. Since 2006, the maximum allowable limit for OTA in wine is 2 μg/l, according to regulation (ec) no. 1881/2006.

French regulations related to vineyard spraying and examples of devices developed in France and around the world to limit the risks of point-source pollution

Managing pests in vineyards presents a major challenge for winegrowers, who are seeking effective solutions to control diseases and pests.

Holistic characterization of Sangiovese clones 

Sangiovese is one of Italy’s most cultivated grape varieties, and currently, over 130 different clones are registered in the national register of grape varieties. However, despite the sangiovese genome having been re-sequenced, limited molecular and genomic information is still available for this cultivar. The present study investigates the complexity of genotype-environment interactions of ten different Sangiovese clones, cultivated in the Chianti Rufina DOCG district over five consecutive vintages (2016-2020).

Big data analysis of pesticides from the vine to the winery

Of biocontrol products and resistant grape varieties, synthetic pesticides are still widely used to control fungal diseases and protect vines from potential damage caused by pests. The use of pesticides is strictly regulated, and their use can sometimes lead to transfer from the grapes to the must and then into the wine. The study of pesticide residues in grapes and wines is commonly carried out by wine producers in order, among other things, to optimize treatment routes, check that products comply with regulations, and ultimately guarantee the food safety of the wine.

Genomic perspective of Lachancea thermotolerans in wine bioacidification

We have sequenced two commercial strains of Lachancea thermotolerans (Lt) from the company Lallemand: Laktia™ y Blizz™.