terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2024 9 Orals - Oenology, methods of analysis 9 Energy optimization of the Charmat-Martinotti refermentation process

Energy optimization of the Charmat-Martinotti refermentation process

Abstract

The European Union has estimated that energy consumption for wine production is about 1,750 million kwh per year, of which 500 million kwh is attributable to Italy. In recent years, italy has emerged as the world’s leading wine producer with about 50 million hectoliters per year. About 20 percent (9.8 million hectoliters) of Italian wine is marketed after refermentation according to the Charmat-Martinotti method. In general, wine production and storage processes require a large amount of electricity, which is spent mainly for cooling the product during most of the processing stages. Depending on the type of adopted transformation process, however, some distinctions can be made. Research mainly focused on must fermentation process for still wine production, while the production of sparkling and semi-sparkling wines (e.g. Prosecco) has not been fully explored yet. However, it has been found that refermentation requires continuous and relevant energy supply over time and it offers significant opportunities in terms of efficiency improvement through technologies and process optimization strategies. The objective of this research is to identify methodologies and best practices to optimize the energy requirements for the refermentation process with the aim of reducing waste and increasing the sustainability of sparkling and semi-sparkling wines production. Starting with an analysis of the scientific literature, the main energy efficiency and production process optimization techniques within the wine sector have been identified. These techniques have been supplemented with case studies and simulations.

Ottimizzazione energetica del processo di rifermentazione charmat-martinotti

L’Unione Europea ha stimato che il consumo energetico per la produzione di vino è di circa 1.750 milioni di kwh all’anno, di cui 500 milioni di kwh sono attribuibili all’Italia. Negli ultimi anni, l’Italia si è affermata come il principale produttore di vino al mondo con circa 50 milioni di ettolitri all’anno. Circa il 20 percento (9,8 milioni di ettolitri) del vino italiano viene commercializzato dopo la rifermentazione secondo il metodo Charmat-Martinotti. In generale, i processi di produzione e conservazione del vino richiedono una grande quantità di elettricità, utilizzata principalmente per raffreddare il prodotto durante la maggior parte delle fasi di lavorazione. Tuttavia, a seconda del tipo di processo di trasformazione adottato, possono essere fatte alcune distinzioni. La ricerca si è concentrata principalmente sul processo di fermentazione del mosto per la produzione di vino fermo, mentre la produzione di vini frizzanti e semi-frizzanti (es. Prosecco) non è stata ancora esplorata a fondo. E stato tuttavia riscontrato che la rifermentazione richiede un fornimento energetico continuo e significativo nel tempo e offre notevoli opportunità in termini di miglioramento dell’efficienza attraverso tecnologie e strategie di ottimizzazione del processo. L’obiettivo di questa ricerca è identificare metodologie e migliori pratiche per ottimizzare i requisiti energetici per il processo di rifermentazione con lo scopo di ridurre gli sprechi e aumentare la sostenibilità della produzione di vini frizzanti e semi-frizzanti. Partendo da un’analisi della letteratura scientifica, sono state identificate le principali tecniche di efficienza energetica e di ottimizzazione del processo produttivo nel settore vinicolo. Queste tecniche sono state integrate con studi di caso e simulazioni.

Optimisation énergétique du processus de réfermentation charmat-martinotti

L’Union Européenne a estimé que la consommation d’énergie pour la production de vin est d’environ 1 750 millions de kwh par an, dont 500 millions de kwh sont attribuables à l’italie. Ces dernières années, l’Italie s’est imposée comme le principal producteur de vin au monde avec environ 50 millions d’hectolitres par an. Environ 20 pour cent (9,8 millions d’hectolitres) du vin italien est commercialisé après une refermentation selon la méthode Charmat-Martinotti. En général, les processus de production et de stockage du vin nécessitent une grande quantité d’électricité, principalement utilisée pour refroidir le produit pendant la plupart des étapes de traitement. Cependant, en fonction du type de processus de transformation adopté, certaines distinctions peuvent être faites. La recherche s’est principalement concentrée sur le processus de fermentation du moût pour la production de vin tranquille, tandis que la production de vins pétillants et semi-pétillants (par exemple, le prosecco) n’a pas encore été entièrement explorée. Il a cependant été constaté que la refermentation nécessite un approvisionnement énergétique continu et significatif dans le temps et offre des opportunités importantes en termes d’amélioration de l’efficacité grâce à des technologies et des stratégies d’optimisation des processus. L’objectif de cette recherche est d’identifier des méthodologies et des meilleures pratiques pour optimiser les besoins énergétiques pour le processus de refermentation dans le but de réduire les déchets et d’augmenter la durabilité de la production de vins pétillants et semi-pétillants. A partir d’une analyse de la littérature scientifique, les principales techniques d’efficacité énergétique et d’optimisation du processus de production dans le secteur vinicole ont été identifiées. Ces techniques ont été complétées par des études de cas et des simulations.

Publication date: November 18, 2024

Issue: OIV 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Gellio Ciotti¹, Alessandro Zironi¹, Andrea Buzzino¹, Giovanni Cortella¹, Roberto Zironi¹

¹ Università degli studi di Udine – Italy

Contact the author*

Tags

IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Determination of steviol glycosides in wine by HPLC

The SCL laboratory in Bordeaux is one of the two official control laboratories for wine and wine products in france, under the authority of the ministry of finance and two of its general directorates: the DGCCRF (directorate general for competition, consumer affairs and fraud control) and the DGDDI (directorate general of customs and excise duties). In this capacity, it verifies the regulatory compliance of wines and investigates any possible falsifications or fraud. Steviol glycosides are natural sweeteners that are not authorized as additives in wine.

Innovative strategies for reducing astringency in Mandilaria wines 

Mandilaria, a red grape variety indigenous to the Aegean islands, is well known for its robust tannins and pronounced astringency, which can challenge the palatability and marketability of its wines. The aim of this study was the reduction of astringency in wines made exclusively from mandilaria grapes through dehydrations practices and targeted winery applications.

Producer organisations at the service of the favourable chain of values to winegrowers and winemakers: the example of France

French law and European Union law recognise the existence of interprofessional organisations that bring together all the links in the wine industry.

Water recharge before budbreak and/or deficit irrigation during summer: agronomic effects on cv. Tempranillo in the D.O. Ribera del Duero

The availability of water in the soil and the water status of the vineyard are proving to be determining factors for crop management in the current context of climatic variation

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as biomarkers of vineyard yield in Champagne

The vine is colonized by a multitude of micro-organisms (fungi, bacteria, oomycetes) mainly coming from the microbial reservoir constituted by the soil. These microorganisms have positive or negative effects on the vine (protection against pathogens, resistance to abiotic stress, nutrition, but also triggering of diseases) (Fournier, Pellan et al. 2022). In addition to these functional roles, they respond quickly to environmental changes (climate, cultural practices) which could make them good bioindicators of the functioning of the wine ecosystem.