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IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2024 9 Orals - Safety and health 9 Effect of different plant fibers on the elimination of undesirable compounds in red wine 

Effect of different plant fibers on the elimination of undesirable compounds in red wine 

Abstract

The presence of undesirable compounds in wines, such as ota, biogenic amines and pesticides residues, affects wine quality and can cause health problems for the consumer. Additionally, an excess of tannins can produce an undesirable increase in the astringency and bitterness of the wine, so tannins are also a target for reduction. The main tool that a winemaker has to reduce their content in the wine is fining. However, some of the fining agents commonly used in the winery can cause allergies or even increase the protein content in the wine, increasing the turbidity. To avoid these problems, the use of plant fibers may be an alternative, such as those from grape pomace. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of nine different plant fibers from different grape varieties in the reduction of undesirable compounds and in the chromatic profile of a young red wine. A fining trial was conducted with all the fibers at the maximum concentration allowed by oiv in a wine previously fortificated with histamine, ota and several pesticides and also, a commercial plant fiber from unknown origin was used for comparison. After 48 h of contact, wine chromatic parameters and phenolic compound content were measured, along with the concentration of the undesirable compounds. The results obtained showed that some pomace fibers were able to effectively reduce histamine, ota, pesticides, and tannins, affecting minimally the wine color, while the commercial plant fiber showed the highest reduction of ota and pesticides, but also produced the greatest loss of color in the wine. For that, grape fiber can be a very good alternative for obtaining safer and high quality red wines.

Effet de différentes fibres végétales sur l’élimination des composés indésirables dans le vin rouge

La présence de composés indésirables dans les vins, tels que l’ota, les amines biogènes et les résidus de pesticides, affecte la qualité du vin et peut entraîner des problèmes de santé pour le consommateur. En outre, un excès de tanins peut entraîner une augmentation indésirable de l’astringence et de l’amertume du vin, c’est pourquoi les tanins sont également un objectif de réduction. Le principal outil dont dispose le vinificateur pour réduire leur teneur dans le vin est le collage. Cependant, certains des agents de collage couramment utilisés dans les caves peuvent provoquer des allergies ou même augmenter la teneur en protéines du vin, ce qui accroît sa turbidité. Pour éviter ces problèmes, l’utilisation de fibres végétales peut être une alternative, comme celles issues du marc de raisin. L’objectif de ce travail était de déterminer l’effet de neuf fibres végétales provenant de différents cépages sur la réduction des composés indésirables et sur le profil chromatique d’un jeune vin rouge. Un essai de collage a été réalisé avec toutes les fibres à la concentration maximale autorisée par l’oiv dans un vin préalablement fortifié avec de l’histamine, de l’ota et plusieurs pesticides ; une fibre végétale commerciale d’origine inconnue a également été utilisée à titre de comparaison. Après 48 heures de contact, les paramètres chromatiques du vin et la teneur en composés phénoliques ont été mesurés, ainsi que la concentration des composés indésirables. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que certaines fibres de grignons étaient capables de réduire efficacement l’histamine, l’ota, les pesticides et les tanins, en affectant peu la couleur du vin, tandis que la fibre végétale commerciale a montré la plus forte réduction de l’ota et des pesticides, mais a également produit la plus grande perte de couleur dans le vin. Pour cette raison, la fibre de raisin peut être une très bonne alternative pour obtenir des vins rouges plus sûrs et de haute qualité.

Efecto de diferentes fibras vegetales en la eliminación de compuestos indeseables en vino tinto

La presencia de compuestos indeseables en los vinos, como ota, aminas biógenas y residuos de pesticidas, afecta a la calidad del vino y puede causar problemas de salud al consumidor. Además, un exceso de taninos puede producir un aumento indeseable de la astringencia y el amargor del vino, por lo que los taninos también pueden ser un objetivo a reducir. La principal herramienta de que dispone un enólogo para reducir su contenido en el vino es la clarificación. Sin embargo, algunos de los agentes clarificantes utilizados habitualmente en bodega pueden provocar alergias o incluso aumentar el contenido de proteínas en el vino, incrementando la turbidez. Para evitar estos problemas, el uso de fibras vegetales puede ser una alternativa, como las procedentes del orujo de uva. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el efecto de nueve fibras vegetales diferentes procedentes de distintas variedades de uva en la reducción de compuestos indeseables y en el perfil cromático de un vino tinto joven. Se realizó un ensayo de clarificación con todas las fibras a la concentración máxima permitida por la oiv en un vino previamente fortificado con histamina, ota y varios pesticidas y, además, se utilizó una fibra vegetal comercial de origen desconocido para comparar. Tras 48 h de contacto, se midieron los parámetros cromáticos del vino y el contenido en compuestos fenólicos, así como la concentración de los compuestos indeseables. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que algunas fibras de orujo fueron capaces de reducir eficazmente la histamina, la ota, los pesticidas y los taninos, afectando mínimamente al color del vino, mientras que la fibra vegetal comercial mostró la mayor reducción de ota y pesticidas, pero también produjo la mayor pérdida de color en el vino. Por tanto, la fibra de uva puede ser una muy buena alternativa para obtener vinos tintos más seguros y de alta calidad.

Publication date: November 18, 2024

Issue: OIV 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Lucía Osete Alcaraz1, Encarna Gómez Plaza1, María José Carrasco Palazón1, Ana Leticia Pérez Mendoza1, Francisco López Gálvez1, Rocio Gil Muñoz2, José Oliva Ortiz3, Miguel Ángel Cámara Botía3, Ricardo Jurado Fuentes4, Ana Belén Bautista Ortín1

1 Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, España
2 Instituto Murciano de Investigación Agraria y Medioambiental, Murcia, España
3 Departamento de Química Agrícola, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia
4 Agrovin S.A., Avenida de los Vinos, Ciudad Real, España

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Tags

IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2024

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