Terroir 2010 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Différenciation de parcelles de Chenin du Val de Loire, a l’aide de l’etude des flores fongiques des raisins, en utilisant l’outil DGGE

Différenciation de parcelles de Chenin du Val de Loire, a l’aide de l’etude des flores fongiques des raisins, en utilisant l’outil DGGE

Abstract

Depuis le millésime 2002, une étude est menée sur la diversité de la flore fongique de parcelles du cépage chenin, situées essentiellement sur les appellations de Vouvray et Montlouis ; deux appellations séparées par le fleuve nommé la Loire. Les parcelles se situent dans des conditions pédoclimatiques différentes, qui se retrouvent au travers des suivis de maturité et l’état sanitaire.

L’objectif est d’utiliser la flore fongique comme facteur de différenciation entre les parcelles, et d’évolution au cours de la maturité. C’est dans ce cadre qu’un outil d’écologie microbienne a été utilisé : Denaturating Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE). Après une étude spécifique sur les moisissures des raisins, qui ont permis d’établir le référentiel, les échantillons complexes constitués de l’eau de lavage des baies de raisins, ont été analysés. Ainsi, nous avons pu analyser et différencier plusieurs parcelles de cépage chenin, situées dans des conditions pédoclimatiques différentes.

English version: Since the vintage wine 2002, a study is led on the variety of the fungal flora of parcels of the Chenin vine, situated essentially on the controlled origin label of Vouvray and Montlouis; two controlled origin label separated by the river named the Loire. The parcels are situated in conditions different of soils and of climate, which meet through the follow-ups of maturity and the sanitary state.

The objective is to use the fungal flora as factor of differentiation between the parcels, and evolution during the maturity. It is in this frame that a tool of microbial ecology was used: Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE). PCR-DGGE is a molecular method which allows the direct analysis of DNA in complex samples without any culture step. This method is based on the separation in a denaturing gradient of double-strand DNA fragments which have the same length but different nucleotide sequences. After a specific study on fungus of grapes, which allowed establishing the reference table, the complex samples constituted by some water of wash of the berries of grapes, were analyzed. This tool will allow us to draw a parallel between the dynamic of fungal populations present in different conditions of soil and of climate. PCR-DGGE showed its potentialities for a fast characterization of fungi in complex mixes.

DOI:

Publication date: October 8, 2020

Issue: Terroir 2010

Type: Article

Authors

L. Guérin (1), M.Bouix (2), P. Poupault (1), R. Laforgue (1), P. Mallier (3), A. Mallet (3), J. Dupont (4)

(1) IFV Tours, 46 avenue Gustave Eiffel, 37100 Tours, France
(2) AgroParistech, Département de microbiologie industrielle, 1 avenue des Olympiades, 91744 Massy Cedex, France
(3) Chambre d’Agriculture d’Indre et Loire, 38 rue Augustin Fresnel, 37170 Chambray les Tours, France
(4) Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution – Mycologie, 75005 Paris Cedex 05, France

Contact the author

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2010

Citation

Related articles…

The influence of native flora on Argentine white terroir cv. Torrontes Riojano

The main objective of this paper is to establish considerable differences between wines from three wine areas or terroir, made with cv Torrontes Riojano.

Cultivo de la Malvasia en Tenerife

El archipiélago Canario, conocido en el pasado como las Islas del Vino, fue una gran potencia en la elaboración y comercialización del vino, sobre todo de caldos elaborados con la variedad Malvasía.

The performance of grapevines on identified terroirs in Stellenbosch, South Africa

A terroir can be defined as a natural unit that is characterised by a specific agricultural potential, which is imparted by natural environmental features, and is reflected in the characteristics of the final product.

Correction de la teneur en alcool des vins par évaporation partielle sous vide en cours de fermentation alcoolique

Climate change has become a reality that is becoming more and more apparent every day, with changes in the physico-chemical composition of grapes and an increase in the alcohol content of finished wines. These higher alcoholic degrees are not without consequences for the success of alcoholic and malolactic fermentation. Correcting the alcohol content (-20% of the initial alcoholic strength) is also part of an approach designed to meet consumer expectations for healthier, lighter or lower-alcohol wines (9 to 13% vol.). Correcting the alcohol content of wines also rebalances the mouthfeel by reducing the alcohol’s burn.

Mapping grapevine metabolites in response to pathogen challenge: a Mass Spectrometry Imaging approach

Every year, viticulture is facing several outbreaks caused by established diseases, such as downy mildew and grey mould, which possess different life cycles and modes of infection. To cope with these different aggressors, grapevine must recognize them and arm itself with an arsenal of defense strategies.
The regulation of secondary metabolites is one of the first reactions of plants upon pathogen challenge. Their rapid biosynthesis can highly contribute to strengthen the defense mechanisms allowing the plant to adapt, defend and survive.