Terroir 2020 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Looking for a more efficient genotypes in water use. A key for a sustainable viticulture

Looking for a more efficient genotypes in water use. A key for a sustainable viticulture

Abstract

Aim: Grapevine has traditionally been widely cultivated in drylands. However, in recent decades, a significant part of the viticulture all over the word and specifically in Mediterranean basin, is being irrigated. In recent years, due to climate change, among other reasons, the available natural water resources have been reduced substantially compromising the sustainability of viticulture, especially in the most arid areas. Therefore, it is necessary to search for genotypes with greater water use efficiency (WUE not only among varieties but also, between clones of the same variety). 

Methods and Results: In this work, 23 clones of cv. Tempranillo were evaluated during five consecutive years in two experiments. First, a three-year field experiment determining the variability in WUE by measuring gas exchange parameters. Second, a two-year experiment in pots, analyzing the response of those Tempranillo clones to different degrees of soil water availability. Different growth parameters, leaf gas exchange rates, and biomass production were measured. Field data of leaf exchange rates and derived parameters showed a wide variability among clones in WUE up to 80% to that previously achieved comparing different cultivars.  These differences appear to be due to differences in photosynthesis capacity rather than to a more efficient control of water loss. Pot experiments reveal differences among clones in biomass production and gas exchange parameters as indicators of plant water use efficiency. A joint analysis of pot and field data showed a consistency in higher and lower WUE genotypes, although significant environmental condition effects were present. 

Conclusions: 

The whole analysis of WUE indicators quantified the degree of variability in WUE among clones, and identified the best and worst water use efficient clones in both well-watered and water deficit conditions.

Significance and Impact of the Study: These findings open new ways for future research focused on the physiological basis of the variations in WUE, and can also be extended to other reputed drought-tolerant cultivars.

DOI:

Publication date: March 25, 2021

Issue: Terroir 2020

Type : Video

Authors

Ignacio Tortosa1, José M. Escalona1,2*, Hipólito Medrano1,2

1Biology Department, University of Balearic Island, Ctra Valldemossa km 7,5. 07122 Palma, Spain
2Agro-environmental and water economy Research Institute (INAGEA) Ctra Valldemossa km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Spain

Contact the author

Keywords

Vitis vinifera, clones, Tempranillo, drought, water use efficiency

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2020

Citation

Related articles…

Aromatic maturity is a cornerstone of terroir expression in red wine

In this video recording of the IVES science meeting 2023, Stéphanie Marchand (University of Bordeaux, ISVV, INRAE, UMR 1366 OENOLOGIE, Villenave d’Ornon, France) speaks about the aromatic maturity as a cornerstone of terroir expression in red wine. This presentation is based on an original article accessible for free on OENO One.

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE VOLATILE COMPOUNDS PROFILE OF COMMERCIAL GRAPPAS OBTAINED FROM THE POMACE OF AMARONE WINES

Grappa is a traditional Italian alcoholic beverage, with an alcohol content generally between 40-60% vol., obtained from the distillation of grape pomace used for the production of wine. Grappa are often aged in wooden barrels. There are various types of grappa: young, aromatic, aged, extra-aged depending on whether the distillate comes from aromatic vines or is aged in wooden barrels for shorter or longer periods. There is also flavored grappa if herbs, fruit or roots are added. All this makes it an extremely heterogeneous product both from an organoleptic and compositional point of view.

Aromatic profile of Savatiano Greek Grape Variety as affected by various terroirs in the PGI zone of Attica.

Regionality, frequently called terroir, is often used to market wines from different locations. Savatiano (Vitis Vinifera L.), is the dominant indigenous variety of the Mesogeia – Attiki region, reaching a percentage of 70% of the total vine cultivation, and being the most widely planted variety in Greece. In this context, this research focuses on the evaluation of the impact of different terroirs within the PGI Attiki zone on the aromatic profile of Savatiano.

Spontaneous fermentation dynamics of indigenous yeast populations and their effect on the sensory properties of Riesling

Varietal Riesling aroma relies strongly on the formation and liberation of bound aroma compounds. Floral monoterpenes, green C6-alcohols, fruity C13-norisoprenoids and spicy volatile phenols are predominantly bound to disaccharides, which are produced and stored in the grape berry during berry maturation.

Manipulating grapevine bud fruitfulness

Bud fruitfulness is a key component of reproductive performance of grapevine. It plays a significant role in annual yield variation of vineyards as it is a prerequisite of crop production in the following season. Various exogenous and endogenous factors influencing the development of inflorescence primordia (IP) have been studied. However, the research on molecular genetic control of bud fruitfulness, especially how it interacts with environmental factors is still lacking. This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism of effects of temperature and light on grapevine bud fruitfulness during initiation and differentiation of IP.