Oligosaccharides from Vitis vinifera grape seeds: a focus on gentianose as a novel bioactive compound

Plants in their natural environment are in continuous interaction with large numbers of potentially pathogenic and beneficial microorganisms. Depending on the microbe, plants have evolved a variety of resistance mechanisms that can be constitutively expressed or induced. Phytoalexins, which are biocidal compounds of low to medium molecular weight synthesized by and accumulated in plants as a response to stress, take part in this intricate defense system.1,2
One of the limitations of our knowledge of phytoalexins is the difficulty of analyzing their spatial responsiveness occurring during plant- pathogen interactions under natural conditions.

Performing accurate vineyard yield estimation is of upmost importance as it provides important benefits to the whole vine and wine industry. Recently, image-analysis approaches have been explored to address this issue however this approach has as main challenge the bunch occlusion, mostly by vegetation but also by neighboring bunches. The present work aims at assessing the magnitude of bunch occlusion by neighboring bunches and to evaluate its dependency on a selection of vegetative and reproductive vine parameters assessed at fruiting zone. Forty vine segments (1 m) of two vineyard plots of the white cultivars ‘Alvarinho’ and ‘Arinto’ were assessed for vegetative and reproductive features at fruiting zone and imaged with a 2D camera.

Accurate grape yield estimation is essential for effective vineyard management, crop planning, and resource allocation. Traditional methods often involve time-consuming and labour-intensive processes, which may introduce errors due to the large size and inherent spatial variability of the vineyard blocks.

Winter pruning is today the longest operation for hand workers in the vineyard. Over the last years, mechanical pruning practices have become popular in southern France vineyards to respond to competitiveness issue especially for the basic and mid-range wine production. Wine farmers have developed different vineyard management techniques associated with mechanical winter pruning. They sought to be precise or not to control the buds number per vine.

Context and Purpose of the Study. PIWI grape varieties (Pilzwiderstandsfähig, fungus-resistant) offer innovative solutions for sustainable viticulture by addressing environmental challenges faced by traditional Vitis vinifera.