Macrowine 2021
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 A microbial overview of txakoli wine: the case of three appellations of origin

A microbial overview of txakoli wine: the case of three appellations of origin

Abstract

The Txakoli, a white wine produced in the Basque Country (North of Spain), has recently gained popularity due to wine quality improvement and increase in both acreages of production and wine consumption. The aim of this study was to characterize the chemical and microbiological differences between Txakoli wines made with grapes from different sites. Our analysis included Txakoli vineyards from three appellations of origin: Bizkaiko, Getariako, and Arabako Txakolina D.O.To describe the microbial composition, we sequenced using next generation sequencing the v4 domain of the 16S rRNA gene from 41 vineyard soils and grapes collected in 2016 and 2017. Metadata information (slope, orientation, soil edaphic properties, grape physical factors, etc.) was also collected and used to identify the potential environmental and factors responsible for the differences in the microbial composition of soils and grapes.Soil pH significantly associated with differences in soil bacterial composition, grouping the 41 vineyards into 5 clusters, regardless of vintage or appellation. The historical land usage of the properties was found to be also a significant factor determining soil bacterial composition. Interestingly, the bacterial composition of grape berries significantly depended on rootstock type, supporting a strong influence of the rootstock genotype on the fruit-microbial associations. When removing rootstock as a factor, sugar content and pH significantly correlated with microbial composition differences between sites, revealing grape maturity as an additional important factor that drives microbial associations in the fruit.

DOI:

Publication date: September 3, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Igor Baroja, Elena GARCÍA DE LA PEÑA, Iratxe ZARRAONAINDIA

University of the Basque Country, Ardoatek Dario, CANTU, University of California, Davis  And one, ESTONBA, University of the Basque Country, University of the Basque Country IKERBASQUE

Contact the author

Keywords

vineyard, microbiome, miseq, wine, txakoli

Citation

Related articles…

Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 2H(D)-qNMR in the study of deuterium distribution in intracellular water and fermentation products of grape carbohydrates using ethyl alcohol as an example

The paper presents results that develop the results of studies carried out in 2022-2023 under the OIV grant on the topic of distribution of deuterium (2H(D)) in the intracellular water of grapes and wines, taking into account the impact of natural, climatic and technogenic factors using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (qNMR).

Read More

Intra-varietal diversity in cv. ‘Tempranillo Tinto’: phenological stages

‘Tempranillo Tinto’ is one of the most relevant grapevine cultivars worldwide. Despite its early ripening and relatively short vegetative cycle, which may not be ideal for high-quality grape and wine production in warming conditions, its long-standing cultivation has led to an intense multiplication by cuttings, which originated the high level of clonal variation currently available. Now, this intra-varietal diversity provides an interesting opportunity for cultivar improvement by identifying genotypes with better adaptation potential.

Read More

The challenge of viticultural landscapes

Le monde vitivinicole est de plus en plus concerné par la question paysagère : l’enjeu est de taille puisqu’il s’agit de la survie de l’image positive dont bénéficient les Appellations d’Origine Contrôlée. Les paysages sont composés d’éléments qui renvoient à des références socioculturelles fortes, susceptibles de modeler l’image d’un produit et d’en déterminer à notoriété et le prix. Dans un monde médiatisé comme le nôtre, le visuel construit l’arrière-plan des représentations mentales associées à toute marchandise ; et pour les aliments, produits de la terre, ce visuel est forcément paysager.

Read More

Assessment of alternative sweetening methods for dealcoholized wine

In recent years, there has been an increase in demand for non-alcoholic wine with an ethanol content of less than 0.5% v/v. The dealcoholization process can take place by various methods, such as vacuum distillation or membrane technologies like osmotic distillation. Compared to distillation, membrane systems often require multiple passes or a combination of multiple separation methods. Complete or almost complete removal of ethanol significantly changes the sensory characteristics of wine.

Read More

Environmental protection by means of (“Great”) vitiviniculture zonation

In the paper is discussed the first example of environmental protection, agreed in a wide term sense, by means of vitiviniculture zonations performed in Istria (Croatia) in the area of Butoniga lake

Read More