Macrowine 2021
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 A microbial overview of txakoli wine: the case of three appellations of origin

A microbial overview of txakoli wine: the case of three appellations of origin

Abstract

The Txakoli, a white wine produced in the Basque Country (North of Spain), has recently gained popularity due to wine quality improvement and increase in both acreages of production and wine consumption. The aim of this study was to characterize the chemical and microbiological differences between Txakoli wines made with grapes from different sites. Our analysis included Txakoli vineyards from three appellations of origin: Bizkaiko, Getariako, and Arabako Txakolina D.O.To describe the microbial composition, we sequenced using next generation sequencing the v4 domain of the 16S rRNA gene from 41 vineyard soils and grapes collected in 2016 and 2017. Metadata information (slope, orientation, soil edaphic properties, grape physical factors, etc.) was also collected and used to identify the potential environmental and factors responsible for the differences in the microbial composition of soils and grapes.Soil pH significantly associated with differences in soil bacterial composition, grouping the 41 vineyards into 5 clusters, regardless of vintage or appellation. The historical land usage of the properties was found to be also a significant factor determining soil bacterial composition. Interestingly, the bacterial composition of grape berries significantly depended on rootstock type, supporting a strong influence of the rootstock genotype on the fruit-microbial associations. When removing rootstock as a factor, sugar content and pH significantly correlated with microbial composition differences between sites, revealing grape maturity as an additional important factor that drives microbial associations in the fruit.

DOI:

Publication date: September 3, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Igor Baroja, Elena GARCÍA DE LA PEÑA, Iratxe ZARRAONAINDIA

University of the Basque Country, Ardoatek Dario, CANTU, University of California, Davis  And one, ESTONBA, University of the Basque Country, University of the Basque Country IKERBASQUE

Contact the author

Keywords

vineyard, microbiome, miseq, wine, txakoli

Citation

Related articles…

Evaluation des impacts environnementaux des itinéraires techniques viticoles de production de vins AOP en Val de Loire: démarche d’adaptation de la méthode de l’analyse du cycle de vie (ACV)

La société et l’état imposent plus que jamais à la viticulture française de prendre en compte ses impacts environnementaux tout en produisant des vins de qualité. Après avoir présenté ces impacts, les auteurs exposent la méthode de l’Analyse du Cycle de Vie. Ils proposent une démarche pour sa mise au point pour évaluer les impacts environnementaux en viticulture AOP en Val de Loire dans le cadre de l’évaluation de la compatibilité des objectifs qualitatifs et environnementaux de la production de raisins de cuve.

Influence du terroir sur la composition en flavonoïdes de la baie de raisin de Cabernet franc en Moyenne Vallée de la Loire

The terroir offers great variability in the typicity of the wines produced. Following tastings integrating several vintages, the multiple factor analysis of the sensory data revealed a group of taste criteria contributing to the notion of “Power”, referenced “Power and Harmony”, which makes it possible to differentiate wines from various terroirs of the Middle Loire Valley (Pages et al ., 1987).

Characterization of a Sémillon clonal population: exploring genetic diversity, metabolomic profiles, and phenotypic variations

Sémillon is a cultivated grape variety known for contributing to dry and sweet white wine production. However, only seven approved clones have been officially recognized in France[1]. In this study, we aimed to characterize the genetic diversity and metabolomic profiles of a Sémillon clonal population, shedding light on the potential variations within this important grape variety.

Focus on terroir studies in the eger wine region of Hungary

In 2001, the Hungarian Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development designated the Institute of Geodesy, Cartography and Remote Sensing (FÖMI) to elaborate a Geographic Information System (GIS) supported Vineyard Register (VINGIS) in Hungary. The basis of this work was a qualification methodology (vineyard and wine cellar cadastre system) dating back to several decades, however, in the 1980s and 1990s the available geographical maps and information technology did not provide enough accuracy for an overall evaluation of viticultural areas. The reason for the VINGIS elaboration and development was an obligation resulting from the EU membership to ensure the agricultural subsidies for the wine–viticulture sector.

Viticultural Climatic Zoning and Digital Mapping of Rio Grande do Sul – Brazil, using Indices of the Géoviticulture MCC System

The State Rio Grande do Sul is the main producer of Brazilian fine wines, with four viticultural regions. The objective is the characterization of the viticultural climatic potential of the State (total surface of 281.749 km2). The methodology use the Géoviticulture Multicriteria Climatic Classification System (Géoviticulture MCC System), based on three climatic indices – Dryness Index (DI), Heliotermal Index (HI) and Cool Night Index (CI).