Macrowine 2021
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Management of varietal thiols in white and rosé wines using biotechnical tools

Management of varietal thiols in white and rosé wines using biotechnical tools

Abstract

The present study evaluates the effect of prefermentative maceration enzymes and yeast autolysate on the concentration of conjugated precursors and volatile thiols, respectively.Sauvignon blanc and Merlot grapes underwent skin-contact maceration with or without pectolytic enzymes, for the production of white and rosé wines. Significant differences in the extraction of 3- sulfanylhexan-1-ol (3-SH) precursors were observed in juices from Merlot grapes. The use of maceration enzymes led to an increase in both S-glutathionylated (GSH-3SH) and S-cysteinylated (Cys-3SH) precursors. The same trend of extraction was observed in Sauvignon blanc grapes, even if not statistically differentiated. In relation to 4-methyl-4-sulfanyl-pentan-2-one (4-MSP) precursors, the Cys-4MSP was the sole compound to be found, exclusively in Sauvignon blanc must. However, the enzyme treatment did not increase the concentration of this precursor. Grapes were pressed and racked after 24 hours of cold settling. For each variety, both musts were fermented in triplicate, in the presence and absence of a yeast autolysate. The nutrition management imparted significant differences between the volatile thiols in the final wines. The use of yeast autolysate increased the 3-SH content by ⁓25% and ⁓46%, in both Sauvignon blanc and Merlot wines, respectively. Moreover, the concentration of 4-MSP was four-fold higher in Sauvignon blanc wines supplemented with yeast nutrients. In Merlot wines 4-MSP was undetectable, result consistent with the absence of its precursors in the must of this variety.

DOI:

Publication date: September 7, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Adelaide Gallo¹, Alice Barbero¹, Loris Tonidandel¹, Rémi Schneider², Roberto Larcher¹, Tomas Roman¹

¹ Fondazione Edmund Mach—Technology Transfer Center, Via Edmund Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
² Oenobrands SAS, Parc Agropolis II – Bât 5, 2196 Bd de la Lironde, CS 34603, CEDEX 05, 34397
Montpellier, France

Contact the author

Keywords

3- sulfanylhexan-1-ol; 4-methyl-4-sulfanyl-pentan-2-on; thiol precursors; maceration; wine aroma; pectolytic enzymes; yeast nutrients

Citation

Related articles…

Residual copper quantification on grapevine’s organs

Copper is listed among the active substances candidates for substitution (Regulation EU 2015/408). Yet still, because of the lack of valid alternatives, the European Commission recently confirmed its usage authorization by limiting the maximum amount to 28 Kg per hectare in 7 years, i.e. an average of 4 kg/year (Reg. EU 2018/1981).This restriction is due to copper accumulation in soils and surface waters both caused by a steady application, especially on perennial crops (Riepert et al., 2013). The aim of this work is to determine if treatments with reduced copper dosages are able to reach different grapevine’s organs, with particular focus on the core of bunches, and if these small amounts can ensure the respect of the legislative prescription, without compromising the phytosanitary conditions of the vineyards, thus grape yields.

Read More

Aroma characterization of mold resistant base wines for sparkling wine produced in a warm-temperate area at two different altitudes

In a recent context where consumers pay an increasing attention to sustainability and eco-friendly aspects in the decision-making process, the use of the resistant varieties in the wine sector have returned to the attention. In this context, the use of mould-resistant grape varieties would be an opportunity for sparkling wine producers as it can reduced the pesticide utilization in grape management and hence production costs.
However, the use of the resistant varieties to produce the base wine may be strongly influenced due to its requirements for a particular balance between sugars and acidity to ensure the quality of the final product. In addition, the aromatic profile of base wine plays a crucial role in the perception of the quality of the sparkling wine.

Read More

Evaluation of Polarized Projective Mapping as a possible tool for attributing South African Chenin blanc dry wine styles

Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA) According to the Chenin blanc Association of South Africa, there are three recognized dry wine styles, Fresh and Fruity (FF), Rich and Ripe Unwooded (RRU), and Rich and Ripe Wooded (RRW), classically attributed with the help of sensory evaluation. One of the “rapid methods” has drawn our attention for the purpose of simplifying and making style attribution for large sample sets, evaluated during different sessions, more robust. Polarized Projective Mapping (PPM) is a hybrid of Projective Mapping (PM) and Polarised Sensory Positioning (PSP). It is a reference-based method in which poles
(references) are used for the evaluation of similarities and dissimilarities between samples.

Read More

Greffadapt: a relevant experimental vineyard to speed up the selection of grapevine rootstocks

[lwp_divi_breadcrumbs home_text="IVES" use_before_icon="on" before_icon="||divi||400" module_id="publication-ariane" _builder_version="4.20.4" _module_preset="default" module_text_align="center" module_font_size="16px" text_orientation="center"...
Read More

Influence de la nutrition potassique sur le manque d’acidité des vins issus du cépage Negrette

A worrying drop in the acidity of wines has been observed in many wine regions, such as Bordeaux (Merlot), Burgundy (Pinot Noir), Côtes-du-Rhône (Grenache) or Rioja (Tempranillo). This lack of acidity is particularly marked in the Midi-Pyrenean vineyards of the Côtes du Frontonnais (Tournier, 1993). However, the acidity of a wine is one of the main factors of its quality, in fact, a low acidity combined with an insufficient tannic structure leads to rapid oxidation of wines and makes them age prematurely.

Read More