 IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Macrowine 9 Macrowine 2021 9 Chemical diversity of 'special' wine styles: fortified wines, passito style, botrytized and ice wines, orange wines, sparkling wines 9 Electrochemical diversity of italian white wines

Electrochemical diversity of italian white wines

Abstract

Analysis of phenolic compounds typically involve spectrophotometric methods as well as liquid chromatography combined with DAD, fluorimetric, or MS detection. However, the complexity of wine phenolic composition generated, in recent years, attention towards other analytical approaches, including those allowing rapid and inexpensive operations. Voltametric AIM Oxidation of white wine phenolics occurs at different stages during winemaking and storage and can have important implications for wine sensory quality. Phenolic compounds, in particular those with a ortho-diphenol moiety, are main target of oxidation in wine. Strategies for the methods are particularly suited for the analysis of oxidizable compounds such as phenolics. The redox-active species can be oxidized and reduced at the electrode, therefore, applications of electrochemistry have been developed both to quantify such species, and to probe wine maturation processes.3 The project on the diversity of Italian wines aims at collecting and analysing large-scale compositional dataset related to Italian white wines.

METHODS: The electrochemical properties of wine phenolics, and relative reducing strengths, have been examined using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV). Methods based upon disposable electrodes have been used, including carbon paste electrodes with undiluted wines.4 Cyclic voltammograms of more than 50 Italian white wines belonging to different appellations were collected and their features were analysed in conjunction with other parameters such as total phenolics, free and total SO2, acetaldehyde, and ascorbic acid. The wines were collected in the framework of the activities of the D-Wines (Diversity of Italian wines) project.

RESULTS: The results obtained indicated a great diversity of voltametric responses, although the ability to identify electrochemical features that were typical of wine types was rather limited with raw data. To obtain a higher number of discriminant features, derivative voltammograms were built and studied by multivariate statistical analysis. The region of the voltammograms comprised between 0-700 mV was found to contain several highly discriminating features across the entire dataset. Some of key features were identified and wines were classified accordingly.

CONCLUSIONS:

It is expected that these results will help developing rapid novel tools for phenolics analysis in the wine industry, where results from chemistry methods, or chromatographic procedures, take some time to obtain. Further research using electrochemical tools to probe ageing processes also has considerable prospects for shedding light on how to enhance quality characteristics in wine.

DOI:

Publication date: September 15, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Diletta, Invincibile

University of Verona,Davide, SLAGHENAUFI, University of Verona Giovanni, Luzzini, University of Verona Marangon, Matteo, University of Padua Mattivi, Fulvio, University of Trento Moio, Luigi, University of Naples ‘Federico II’ Versari, Andrea, University of Bologna Rio Segade, Susana, University of Turin Maurizio, UGLIANO, University of Verona

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Keywords

white wine, carbon paste electrodes, phenolic compounds, cyclic voltammetry

Citation

LARGE-SCALE PHENOTYPIC SCREENING OF THE SPOILAGE YEAST BRETTANOMYCES BRUXELLENSIS: UNTANGLING PATTERNS OF ADAPTATION AND SELECTION, AND CONSEQUENCES FOR INNOVATIVE WINE TREATMENTS

Brettanomyces bruxellensis is considered as the main spoilage yeast in oenology. Its presence in red wine leads to off-flavour due to the production of volatile phenols such as 4-vinylphenol, 4-vinylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol, whose aromatic notes are unpleasant (e.g. animal, leather, horse or pharmaceutical). Beside wine, B. bruxellensis is commonly isolated from beer, kombucha and bioethanol production, where its role can be described as negative or positive. Recent genomic studies unveiled the existence of various populations.

Red wine astringency and the influence of wine–saliva aggregates on oral lubrication

Oral tribology receives growing attention in the field of food sciences as it offers great opportunities to establish correlations between physical parameters, such as the coefficient of friction, and sensory perceptions in the human mouth.

Photoprotective extracts from agri-food waste to prevent the effect of light in rosé wines

Light is responsible for adverse reactions in wine including the formation of unpleasant flavors, loss of vitamins or photodegradation of anthocyanins. Among them, the riboflavin degradation leads to the formation of undesirable volatile compounds, known as light-struck taste. These photo-chemical reactions could be avoided by simply using opaque packaging. However, most rosé wines are kept in transparent bottles due to different commercial reasons. Some agri-food waste extracts have been studied for their photoprotective action which turn to be highly correlated with phenolic content [1].

Application of the simplified quality bioclimatical index of Fregoni: suggestion of using its evolution curve

Les indices bioclimatiques constituent un bon outil pour piloter le développement vitivinicole dans une région précise

The effect of ozonated water treatment on the metabolic profile and resistance of vines to Downy and powdery mildew

Ozone is a potent oxidizing compound that quickly decomposes into oxygen without residues. Previous works reported that ozone is not only a disinfectant that directly harms the pathogens of the vine but also activates systemic defense systems in the plant by activating oxidative stress. We assume these systemic defense mechanisms are essential to the vines’ resistance to downy and powdery mildew (Plasmopara viticola & Erysiphe necator, respectively). The goals of the research are to examine the effect of spraying with ozone water on the plant’s resistance against the mentioned pathogens as well as to characterize the metabolic profile of the plants treated with ozone as well as physiological characteristics in the vines such as the level of Photosynthesis and crop yield. Vines in the vineyard sprayed with ozone water at concentrations of 2 and 4 PPM weekly and biweekly, untreated control & conventional spray. Leaves were taken from vines 2,4,7,9 and 11 days after exposure to ozone and inoculated with the pathogens.