Dalle zonazioni storiche alle “nuove forestazioni storiche produttive vitivinicole” per la valorizzazione delle cultivar e dei prodotti tipici ed originali dei Monti Iblei

Context and purpose of the study. Albeit standing as a fashionable research topic dual use of land as viti-voltaic still lacks of fundamental knowledge about whole canopy grapevine response to altered microclimate under panels vs open field conditions.

Located in the western bekaa region of lebanon, rachaya is known for its extensive history of viticulture and ideal mediterranean conditions for grapevine cultivation. Despite the area’s importance in grapevine production, there is limited knowledge about the local grape varieties grown there. In this work, we conducted a detailed analysis of five local grapevine varieties in the area, obeidy, kassoufi, foddeh, aswadi, and maryami, of which little is currently known, in comparison to a set of international varieties.

Climate change is altering water balances, thereby compromising water availability for crops. In grapevine, the strategic selection of genotypes more tolerant to soil water deficit can improve the resilience of the vineyard under this scenario. Previous studies demonstrated that root anatomical and morphological traits determine vine performance under water deficit conditions. Therefore, 13 ungrafted rootstock genotypes, 6 commercial (420 A, 41 B, Evex 13-5, Fercal, 140 Ru y 110 R), and 7 from new breeding programs (RG2, RG3, RG4, RG7, RG8, RG9 and RM2) were evaluated in pots during 2021 and 2022.

The mechanization of vineyard work originally led to a reduction in planting densities due to the lack of machinery adapted to the vineyard. The current availability of specific machinery makes it possible to establish higher planting densities. In this work, three planting densities (1.40×0.80 m, 1.80×1 m and 2.20×1.20 m, corresponding to 8928, 5555 and 3787 plants/ha respectively) were studied with four varieties autochthonous of Galicia (northwestern Spain): Albariño and Treixadura (white), Sousón and Mencía (red). The vines were trained in a vertical shoot positioning system using a single Royat cordon, and pruned to spurs with two buds each. Agronomic data (yield, pruning wood weight, Ravaz index) and oenological data in must were collected. The higher planting density (1.40×0.80 m) had no significant effect on grape yield per vine in white varieties, although production per hectare was much higher due to the greater number of plants. In red varieties, this planting density resulted in a significantly lower production per vine, compensated by the greater number of plants. In addition, it significantly reduced the Brix degree in the must of the Albariño, Treixadura and Sousón varieties, and increased the total acidity in the latter two and Mencía. It also caused an increase in extractable and total anthocyanins and IPT in red grapes. The effects of high planting density on grapes are of great interest for the adaptation of varieties in the context of climate change. In the future, it could be advisable to modify the limits imposed by the appellations of origin on the planting density of these varieties in order to obtain more balanced wines.

Context and purpose of the study ‐ Phytopathogenic diseases impact the development and yield of grapevines, resulting in economical, social and environmental losses.