Terroir 2008 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Terroir Conferences 9 Terroir 2008 9 Climate component of terroir 9 Phenology and maturation of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes from young vineyards at Santa Catarina state, Brazil – a survey of vineyard altitude and mesoclimat influences

Phenology and maturation of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes from young vineyards at Santa Catarina state, Brazil – a survey of vineyard altitude and mesoclimat influences

Abstract

Cabernet Sauvignon grapes from recently planted vines in Santa Catarina State (Brazil), were sampled during ripening from the 2005 and 2006 vintages. The grapes were from five vineyards at different altitudes (774, 960, 1160, 1350 and 1415 m above sea level). Samples were analyzed for total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), Maturation Indices (TSS/TA and TSS x pH2), pH, total anthocyanins, total polyphenol index (TPI) and berry weight at 10-day intervals from véraison to harvest. Glories parameters were evaluated at maturity. Regression analysis and principal components analysis (PCA) were used to relate harvest data (berry composition at maturity and phenological events: budbreak, floraison and véraison) as a function of mesoclimate and vineyard altitude.
For the vintages studied, titratable acidities ranged from 0.59 to 0.955 g/100 mL of tartaric acid and pH from 3.42 to 3.85. In every instance titratable acidities were lower in 2005 than in 2006. At the commencement of ripening the titratable acidity was always much greater at the two highest vineyards. TSS values at harvest were 21.35-23 and 20.77-24.17 for the 2005 and 2006 vintages, respectively. At maturity, total anthocyanins ranged from 310 to 401 in 2005 and from 304 to 477 (mg of malvidin-3-glicoside) in 2006 vintage. TPI levels (mgGAE/100 g of grapes skins) ranged from 652 to 906 in 2005 and from 739 to 966 in 2006 vintage. PCA clearly separated the different sites in relation to berry composition at maturity. Climate was strongly correlated with indices of phenological precocity and with vineyard altitude. A positive relationship was observed between the altitude – air temperature climate parameters and the duration of the grapevine phenological cycle (IPCY). Thus the vineyard at 774 m had the shortest IPCY while the vineyard at 1415 m had the longest IPCY. Other important relationships were observed during maturation of berry grapes: increases in pH and polyphenols and anthocyanins and a decrease in total acidity. Winkler Scale classifications (degree-days from budbreak to harvest) for the five vineyards have approximate values of 1380 to 2000. Thus the vineyards at 1415, 1350 m are in Regions I and II respectively, while the vineyards at 960 and 1160 m are in Region III and the vineyard at 774 m is in Region IV. Rainfall registered at meteorological stations from budbreak to harvest (2005 and 2006 vintages) ranged from approximately 450 to 980 mm. In general, it was concluded that Santa Catarina State is suitable for Cabernet Sauvignon growing.

DOI:

Publication date: December 8, 2021

Issue: Terroir 2008

Type : Article

Authors

Leila Denise FALCÃO (1), Emílio BRIGHENTI (2), Jean Pierre ROSIER (3), Antônio Ayrton AUZANI UBERTI (4), Marilde T. BORDIGNON-LUIZ (1)

(1) Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos CAL/CCA/UFSC, Rodovia Admar Gonzaga, 1346, Itacorubi, 88034-001, Florianópolis-SC – Brazil
(2) UMR 1219 Œnologie, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, INRA, ISVV, Faculté d’Œnologie, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33405 Talence cedex, France
(3) Empresa de Pesquisa e Extensão Agropecuária de Santa Catarina (EPAGRI-SC)- Videira-Brazil
(4) Departamento de Engenharia Rural, CCA/UFSC, Florianópolis-SC – Brazil

Contact the author

Keywords

Brazilian Cabernet Sauvignon grapes, ripening, mesoclimate, vineyard altitude, phenology

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2008

Citation

Related articles…

Exploring typicity in Nebbiolo wines across different areas through chemical analysis

“Nebbiolo” is a red winegrape variety well known to produce monovarietal wines in Piemonte, Valle d’Aosta, and Lombardia regions, taking part to 7 DOCG (Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita) and 22 DOC (Denominazione di Origine Controllata) protected designations of origin (PDO) [1,2].

Impact of long term agroecological and conventional practices on subsurface soil microbiota in Macabeu and Xarel·lo vineyards

There is a growing trend on the transition from conventional to agroecological management of vineyards. However, the impact of practices, such as reduced-tillage, organic fertilization and cover crops, is not well-understood regarding the soil microbial diversity, and its relationship with the soil physicochemical properties in the subsurface depth near the rooting zone. Soil bacterial diversity is an important contributor towards plant health, productivity and response to environmental stresses. A field experiment was conducted by sampling subsurface soil bacterial community (NGS and qPCR) near to the root zone of Macabeu and Xarel·lo vineyards, located at the Penedes. 3 organic (ECO) and 3 conventional (CON) vineyards, with more than 10 years of respective management were sampled (n=5 each plot). ECO practices did not affect bacterial and fungal abundance but increased significantly the ammonium oxidizing bacteria and alpha-diversity (Inv.Simpson). Interestingly beta-diversity was significantly affected by the management strategy. ANOSIM-tests revealed a significative effect of the management (ecological vs conventional) and plot, on the soil microbial structure (ASV abundance). Main phyla depicted were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria, whose relative abundances were not affected by the management. EdgeR assay revealed a significant increase of Cyanobacteria and decrease of Gemmatimonadetes and Firmicutes phyla in ECO. Interestingly, the grapevine variety was not correlated with the soil microbial community structure. Mantel-test revealed an important correlation (Spearman) of some physicochemical parameters with the soil microbiota structure, in order of importance: texture, EC, pH Ca/Mg, Mg/P, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, SO42-, and OM. N-NH4 and NTK, which were higher in the ECO managed soils, did not correlated significantly with the soil microbiome population. The results revealed the importance of combining a deep physicochemical characterization of each replicate with the microbial diversity assessment to gain better insights on the relationship between soil microbiome and vineyard management.

Analysis of volatile composition of interaction between the pathogen E. necator and two grapevine varieties

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted by nearly all plant organs of the plants, including leaves. They play a key role in the communication with other organisms, therefore they are involved in plant defence against phytopathogens. In this study VOCs from grapevine leaves of two varieties of Vitis vinifera infected by Erysiphe necator were analysed. The varieties were selected based on their susceptibility to pathogen, Kishmish Vatkana has the Ren1 resistance gene and Zamarrica showed high susceptibility in previous trials.

Spectral characterisation of fungal diseases on Vitis vinifera leaves

Aims: The aims of this study were to (1) detect alterations in the reflectance spectra of vines with fungal diseases, (2) map these alterations, and (3) determine the best wavelengths which may be used as early indicators of fungal diseases in vines.

Improved analysis of isomeric polyphenol dimers using the 4th dimension of trapped ion mobility spectrometry – mass spectrometry

Dehydrodicatechins have recently received attention as oxidation markers especially in grapes and wine. Their analysis mainly uses LC-MS/MS which is able to differentiate them from their natural isomers (dimeric procyanidins), based on specific fragments