Influence of the year and the environmental factors on condensed tannins from Cabernet franc grapes

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) is a high-tech analytical method that recently found its way into the field of wine analysis with special focus on wine authentication.

Aim‐ Rootstocks provide protection against soil borne pests and are a powerful tool to manipulate growth, fruit composition and wine quality attributes

Aim: Early leaf removal, generally applied before flowering, is mostly conceived as a technique to control grape yield and improve the health of grapes and focused on the final objective of increasing wine quality.

Winemaking decisions and techniques are known to affect the final aromatic composition of red wines. Winemakers put a constant effort into the improved controlling of vinification procedures to achieve better quality. Anyway an increased customer’s demand for uniqueness is often forcing them to adjust and offer new and new interesting products. To support the producers, an improved knowledge on aromatic potential as affected by classical and alternative strategies is needed.

The use of toasted vine-shoots as an alternative enological tool to make differentiated wines has generated interest among researchers and wineries. However, the evolution of these wines in bottle and the effect on the sensory profile has not been studied so far.