IVAS 2022 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 IVAS 9 IVAS 2022 9 Sensory profiles and European Consumer Preference related to Aroma and Phenolic Composition of Wines made from Fungus Resistant Grape Varieties

Sensory profiles and European Consumer Preference related to Aroma and Phenolic Composition of Wines made from Fungus Resistant Grape Varieties

Abstract

New grape varieties with several resistance loci towards powdery and downy mildew allows to significantly reduce the use of fungicides. These fungus resistant grape varieties (PIWI from the German Pilzwiderstandsfähig) play a crucial role to reach the goal to lower pesticide use by 50% as requested by the European Green Deal for 2030. However, wine growers are reluctant to plant them due to a lack of experience in vinification and uncertainty how consumer perceive and purchase wines of these completely unknown varieties.
The objective of this study within the VITIFIT research consortium was to vinify different wine styles in two vintages from grapes of four white and three red PIWI. Most of them came from the same experimental site, where four classic varieties were planted as well. We regressed data obtained by descriptive analysis with hedonic ratings from German, French, Italian, Danish and Dutch consumers. Several consumer segments appeared having different drivers of preference, however all consumers disliked sour, astringent and green wines with less fruit and color. Wine professionals scored the same wines and judged the wines very similar to the consumers: 9% of PIWI wines were rated significantly better, 9% significantly inferior and in 82%, no difference occurred.
To unravel the molecular base we analysed aroma compounds in a non-targeted way as well as by targeted analysis by SIDA-GC-MS or LC-MS for monoterpenes, C13-norisoprenoids and polyfunctional thiols. Analysis of phenolic compounds covered indirect measurements such as Folin-C or Harbertson-Adams-Assay as well as targeted analysis by LC-MS or LC-DAD. In case of the Muscaris (PIWI) versus Muskateller comparison Muscaris wines were richer in cis-roseoxide, while linalool and α-terpineol were higher in Muskateller wines. A sensory napping analysis however, could not distinguish wines of both varieties. So far, no specific off-flavors could be detected in the new PIWIs as they are reported for old hybrid varieties. Although fungus resistance may relate to increased polyphenols in the grape skin, red wines made from PIWI did not show higher concentrations in general across the different winemaking styles.
Overall, making wines from grapes from the same or very similar vineyards, PIWIs delivered from a sensory and hedonic point of view equivalent or even superior wines. Using different winemaking styles allow fulfilling specific and varying sensory demands of European consumers. Combining these findings with the elsewhere reported improved sustainability in growing PIWIs, should convince a rising number of conventional and organic vintners to plant more PIWIs in the near future.

References

sensory evaluation, fungus resistant grape varieties, consumer, aroma compounds, polyphenols

DOI:

Publication date: June 23, 2022

Issue: IVAS 2022

Type: Article

Authors

Weber Marc1, Vestner Jochen1 and Fischer Ulrich1

1Dienstleistungszentrum Ländlicher Raum (DLR) Rheinpfalz, Institute for Viticulture and Oenology

Contact the author

Keywords

List of different keywords (keyword1, keyword2, keyword3)

Tags

IVAS 2022 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

New varieties descendant from Monastrell with lower sugar and high phenolic content adapted to warm climates

Given that climate change is a continuous process, it is necessary to constantly search for new strategies that help the viticulturist sector to mitigate its consequences. All adaptation strategies will have a greater or lesser effect that in turn will be marked by the times of action. As a long-term action, a genetic breeding program to obtain new varieties descendant from Monastrell has been developed in the Region of Murcia (more specifically, in the IMIDA Research Center) since 1997. In this program, new red varieties have been developed through directed crosses of the Monastrell variety with other varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Tempranillo and Syrah.

Read More

Organic mulches improve vine vigour, yield and physiological response in a semi-arid region

Recycled organic mulch within the row in vineyard floor management has become an interesting ecological strategy to adapt the crop to climate change consequences in semi-arid regions.
This study aimed to assess the impact of three recycled organic mulches [straw (STR), grape pruning debris (GPD), and spent mushroom compost (SMC)] and two conventional soil management practices [herbicide (HERB) and under-row tillage (TILL)] on vegetative vigour (NDVI), production (kg/plant), and physiological parameters (δ13C in grapes and leaf gas exchange during four grapevine phenology stages). Additionally, temperature and water soil parameters were collected at three soil depths. Data was collected during the 2021 and 2022 grapevine growing seasons in La Rioja, Spain.

Read More

French wine sector facing climate change (part. 1): A national strategy built on a foresight and participatory approach

A foresight study was carried out by a group of experts from INRAE, universities, INAO and FranceAgriMer from 2014 as part of the multidisciplinary “laccave” project intended to anticipate climate change in the French wine industry. The initial objective was to initiate an interdisciplinary dialogue between researchers and to feed their questions in a more systemic way. The scenario development method made it possible to build possible futures for the wine sector in the face of climate change. It began by drafting four adaptation strategies, combining different possible intensities of innovation and relocation of the vineyard.

Read More

Exploring multisensory interactions through the study of astringency diversity of mono-varietal Italian red wines

According to the OIV Focus 2017 estimating the vine varieties distribution in the world, Italy is the richest grape producing country in terms of varieties.

Read More

Grapevine cane pruning extract enhances plant physiological capacities and decreases phenolic accumulation in canes and leaves 

Vine cane extracts are a valuable byproduct due to their rich content of polyphenols, vitamins, and other beneficial compounds, which can affect and benefit the vine and the grapes. This study aims to evaluate the response of grapevine plants to irrigation with water supplemented with a vine cane extract, both at physiology response and phenolic composition in different parts of the plant (root, trunk, shoot, leaf, and berry).
Cane extract was obtained by macerating crushed pruning residues with warm water (5:1) and pectolytic enzymes. Two-year-old potted plants were irrigated with water (Control) while others were irrigated with cane extracts, either at 1:4 (w/v, cane extract/water; T 1:4) or at 1:8 (w/v, cane extract/water; T 1:8).

Read More