terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Metabolomic profiling of botrytized grape berries: unravelling the dynamic chemical transformations during noble rot

Metabolomic profiling of botrytized grape berries: unravelling the dynamic chemical transformations during noble rot

Abstract

Botrytis cinerea, a fungal pathogen commonly known as grey mold, which under specific climatic conditions can develop into a desirable form known as noble rot. In this process the fungus penetrates the grape skin, allowing water evaporation and concentration of sugars and flavors, while profoundly affects the metabolite composition of grapes, leading to the production of unique and desirable compounds in the resulting wines. The result is a unique and complex wine with a luscious sweetness, heightened aromatics, and a distinct character. This study aimed to explore the metabolite profiles and chemical transformations associated with noble rot in grape berries from the Betsek area in the Tokaj region. Botrytized grape samples were collected monthly from August to November, covering six phases of botritization. Immediate freezing in liquid nitrogen was performed on-field to preserve sample integrity. Metabolomic analysis was conducted by cryomilling the samples, followed by extraction with methanol and ethyl acetate. The extracts were analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, utilizing both positive and negative electrospray ionization. The resulting metabolomic data was processed and statistically analyzed. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on the untargeted metabolomic profiles obtained from the botrytized grape samples, which revealed distinct differences between each phase of botritization. The main source of variance observed in the PCA plot was attributed to the botrytization process itself. This finding suggests that the metabolic changes occurring during the different stages of botritization significantly contribute to the overall metabolite composition of the grape berries. Results provided a valuable overview of the dynamic nature of the metabolic transformations associated with noble rot, highlighting the temporal evolution of the metabolite profiles throughout the botrytization process. Further analysis will enable the identification of specific metabolites that contribute to the unique chemical characteristics of noble rot-affected grape berries.

Acknowledgements: This research was funded by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office under the project titled “Research and development to improve sustainability and climate resilience of viticulture and oenology at the Eszterházy Károly Catholic University” with the grant number TKP2021-NKTA-16.

DOI:

Publication date: October 10, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Miklós Lovas1*, Marietta Korózs1, Anna Molnár1, Ádám Hegyi1, Kriszta Szabadi1, Thomas Cels1, Kálmán Zoltán Váczy1

1Research and Development Centre, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Eger, Hungary

Contact the author*

Keywords

noble rot, botrytis, metabolomics, grape, LCMS

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Under-vine management effects on grapevine vegetative growth, gas exchange and rhizosphere microbial diversity

The use of cover crops under the vines might be an alternative to the use of herbicides or tillage, improving grapevine quality and soil characteristics. The aim of this research was to study the implications of different management strategies of the soil under the vines (herbicide, cultivation or cover crops) on grapevine growth, water and nutritional status, gas exchange parameters and belowground microbial communities.
The experimental design consisted in 4 treatments applied on 35L-potted Tempranillo vegetative grapevines with 10 replicates each grown in an open-top greenhouse in 2022 and 2023. Treatments included two cover crop species (Trifolium fragiferum and Bromus repens), herbicide (glyphosate al 36%) and an untreated control.

Read More

Rootstock regulation of scion phenotypes: the relationship between rootstock parentage and petiole mineral concentration

Rootstocks not only provide tolerance to Phylloxera, but also ensure the supply of water and mineral nutrients to the whole plant. Rootstocks are an important way of adapting to environmental conditions while conserving the typical features of scion varieties. We can exploit the large diversity of rootstocks used worldwide to aid this adaptation. The aim of this study was to characterise rootstock regulation of scion mineral status and its relation with scion development.

Read More

Vineyard management practices to reduce sugar content on ‘Monastrell’ grapes

Climate change is resulting in more dry and hot summers, accelerating grape ripening and increasing berry sugars concentration. This results in wines with a higher alcohol content, which has a negative impact on wine quality, as well as, on consumer health. Agronomic practices that minimize these effects on berry composition and, consequently, on wine quality must be defined. In this work, different management practices have been assessed on rainfed ‘Monastrell’ grapevines in Jumilla (Murcia, Spain) from 2021 to 2023 vintages. Mulching, shading, application of kaolin and different types of pruning were evaluated, among others field adaptation practices.

Read More

Influence of different Lachancea thermotolerans strains in wine acidity

Wine acidity is a parameter of great importance that influences different quality factors of the product such as biological stability or organoleptic characteristics. In the current context of climate change, which gives rise to wines with higher levels of ethanol and lower acidity, the biological acidification with yeast species such as Lachancea thermotolerans could be a solution.
In this work, the effect of the inoculation of different L. thermotolerans on the acidity of wine was studied.

Read More

Dynamics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae population in spontaneous fermentations from Granxa D’Outeiro terroir (DOP Ribeiro, NW Spain)

Granxa D’Outeiro is a recovered ancient vineyard located in the heart of DOP Ribeiro, where traditional white grapevine varieties are growing under sustainable management. Spontaneous fermentations using grape must from Treixadura, Albariño, Lado, Godello, and Loureira varieties were carried out at experimental winery of Evega. Yeasts were isolated from must and at different stages of fermentation. Those colonies belonging to Saccharomyces cerevisiae were characterized at strain level by mDNA-RFLPs.

Read More