terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Characterization of a Sémillon clonal population: exploring genetic diversity, metabolomic profiles, and phenotypic variations

Characterization of a Sémillon clonal population: exploring genetic diversity, metabolomic profiles, and phenotypic variations

Abstract

Sémillon is a cultivated grape variety known for contributing to dry and sweet white wine production. However, only seven approved clones have been officially recognized in France[1]. In this study, we aimed to characterize the genetic diversity and metabolomic profiles of a Sémillon clonal population, shedding light on the potential variations within this important grape variety.

Through Illumina whole genome sequencing of 53 Sémillon clones, we observed various genetic variations, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), providing comprehensive insights into their diversity and genomic variations. Additionally, metabolic profiling of berries was established with a combination of chemical and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis, allowing to quantify key quality-related parameters such as pH, acidity, sugar content and volatile thiol precursor compounds. Remarkably, our findings revealed significant variations among Sémillon clones, leading to their placing in three distinct clusters.

Moreover, phenotypic evaluations highlighted variations in mid-veraison dates, cluster yield, and berry weight. These findings have practical implications for winemakers and vineyard managers, enabling informed decisions in selecting specific clones with desirable traits to achieve desired wine styles and adapt to specific environments and market demands.

To unravel the underlying mechanisms behind the observed metabolomic and phenotypic variation within this Sémillon clonal population, comprehensive investigations of global metabolome profiles, epigenetic variations, and virome of the Sémillon clones will be conducted. Through the implementation of multi-omics approaches, we aim to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the Sémillon clonal population, unraveling complex regulatory networks and identifying factors that drive the unique characteristics of clones. This integrative approach will expand our knowledge beyond individual components and provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay among key players at various biological levels.

Acknowledgements: This study received financial support from the French government, to the University of Bordeaux as an Initiative of Excellence, under the France 2030 plan, for the GPR Bordeaux Plant Sciences.

References:

1) Catalogue of grapevines cultivated in France. http://plantgrape.plantnet-project.org

DOI:

Publication date: October 3, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Maryam Khalili1*, Pierre-François Bert1, Jean Pascal Goutouly1,2, Armelle Marais3, Thierry Candresse3, Maria Lafargue1, Christel Renaud1, Philippe Darriet4, Ghislaine Hilbert-Masson1, Philippe Gallusci1,Pierre Pétriacq3, Sabine Guillaumie1, Nathalie Ollat1, Josep Valls Fonayet4, Cécile Tibon4 and Eric Gomès1

1 EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
2 Unité Expérimentale Vigne Bordeaux 1442, INRAE, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France

3 Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33140 Villenave D’Ornon, France
4 Enology, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France

Contact the author*

Keywords

Sémillon, genomics, metabolomics, diversity

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

The tolerance of grapevine rootstocks to water deficit is related to root morphology and xylem anatomy traits 

Climate change is altering water balances, thereby compromising water availability for crops. In grapevine, the strategic selection of genotypes more tolerant to soil water deficit can improve the resilience of the vineyard under this scenario. Previous studies demonstrated that root anatomical and morphological traits determine vine performance under water deficit conditions. Therefore, 13 ungrafted rootstock genotypes, 6 commercial (420 A, 41 B, Evex 13-5, Fercal, 140 Ru y 110 R), and 7 from new breeding programs (RG2, RG3, RG4, RG7, RG8, RG9 and RM2) were evaluated in pots during 2021 and 2022.

Effects of heat and water stress on grapevine health: primary and secondary metabolism

Grapevine resilience to climate change has become one of the most pressing topics in the Viticulture & Enology field. Vineyard health demands understanding the mechanisms that explain the direct and indirect interactions between environmental stressors. The current climate change scenario, where drought and heat-wave are more frequent and intense, strongly demands improving our knowledge of environmental stresses. During a heatwave, the ambient temperature rises above the plant’s average tolerance threshold and, generally, above 35 oC plant’s adaptation to heat stress is activated.

The interplay between water deficit and nitrogen and potassium nutrition in Vitis vinifera L.

Climate change is expected to provoke an increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events and water scarcity that will have detrimental effects on photosynthesis and plant yield. To sustain an appropriate plant yield under sub-optimal conditions, a common practice is the application of high amounts of fertilizers with negative environmental consequences. The present study aims at evaluating the interplay between water and nutrient availability, namely nitrogen (N) and potassium (K), in two grapevine cultivars with a different sensitivity to water shortage stress. Two-year-old Vitis Vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon and Grenache grapevine plants grafted on SO4 rootstock have been transferred in pots under semi-environmental conditions.

Metabolomic insights into wine’s sensory identity: unveiling climate-driven changes in aroma composition

Wine, a sensitive and intricate agricultural product, is being affected by climate change, which accelerates grapevine phenological stages and alters grape composition and ripening. This influences the synthesis of key aroma compounds, shaping wine’s sensory attributes [1]. The complex aroma profile, resulting from compound interactions, presents a metabolomics challenge to identify these indicators and their environmental change responses, which is being addressed using diverse analytical techniques.

Assessing the Effectiveness of Electrodialysis in Controlling Brettanomyces Growth in Wine

Brettanomyces yeast can negatively impact the quality and stability of wines, posing a significant challenge to winemakers. [1] This study aims to develop novel management practices to limit Brettanomyces impact on wines by evaluating the effectiveness of electrodialysis (ED) technology in removing magnesium (Mg2+) from wine to prevent the development of Brettanomyces yeast. The ED technique utilizes charged membranes to extract ions from the wine, and it is considered an alternative to cold stabilization that requires less energy. [2]