terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Exploring grapevine water relations in the context of fruit growth at pre- and post-veraison

Exploring grapevine water relations in the context of fruit growth at pre- and post-veraison

Abstract

Climate change is increasing the frequency of water deficit in many grape-growing regions. Grapevine varieties differ in their stomatal behavior during water deficit, and their ability to regulate water potential under dry soil conditions is commonly differentiated using the concept of isohydricity. It remains unclear whether stomatal behavior, water potential regulation, and the resulting degree of isohydricity has a relationship with changes to fruit growth during water deficit. This study was conducted on four varieties (`Cabernet Franc`, `Semillon`, `Grenache`, and `Riesling`) subjected to both short-term, severe water deficit and long-term, moderate water deficit applied at both pre- and post-veraison. Stomatal conductance was measured with a porometer, pre-dawn and mid-day stem water potentials with a Scholander-type pressure chamber, and fruit growth with a caliper. `Cabernet Franc` and `Riesling` exhibited a greater ability to maintain stomatal conductance, pre-dawn water potential, and mid-day water potential as compared to `Semillon` and `Grenache`. `Cabernet Franc` and `Riesling` were also more resistant to changes in fruit growth than `Semillon` and `Grenache` during both short- and long-term water deficit. Water deficit applied at pre-veraison had a larger impact on fruit growth than when applied at post-veraison. While we were not able to distinctly classify varieties based on common metrics of isohydricity, we found an association between the ability of varieties to maintain stomatal conductance and their ability to maintain fruit growth during water deficit.

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Nikolas Wilson1,2*, Leonardo Campigotto3, Thorsten Knipfer1, Simone D. Castellarin1,2

1 Wine Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
2 Applied Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
3 Department of Agri-food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy

Contact the author*

Keywords

water deficit, fruit growth, stomata, water potential, isohydricity

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Carry over effect of shoot trimming and deficit irrigation on fruit yield and berry total soluble solids

The increase in air temperature that is occurring in many important wine-growing areas around the world is resulting in the decoupling between the phenolic and the technological maturity of grapevine berries. This new ripening pattern leads to the production of light-bodied high alcoholic wines, but this is in countertendency with the increasing consumers’ demand for wines with low-to-mid alcohol concentrations. The oenological techniques proposed to reduce wine alcohol content are often very expensive and lead to detrimental effects on wine quality. Many viticultural practices have been proposed to slow down sugar accumulation the berry. One possible strategy that was previously found to be suitable for Aglianico grapevine is post-veraison shoot trimming. The aim of this work was to assess the carry over effects on the following year of shoot trimming and vine water status on yield and total soluble solids because the expected reduction in vine fertility could lead to a reduction in the effectiveness of shoot trimming.

Les préparations biodynamiques 500 et 501 ont elles un effet sur la vigne ?

Dans le cadre de TerclimPro 2025, Markus Rienth a présenté un article IVES Technical Reviews. Retrouvez la présentation ci-dessous ainsi que l’article associé : https://ives-technicalreviews.eu/article/view/8396

Cover crops under-vine impact on grapevine performance and vineyard soil microorganisms is highly affected by edaphoclimatic conditions at a regional scale 

Soil management through cover crops can influence the cycle of nutrients, promote water infiltration, decrease erosion, and enhance the soil microbiota biodiversity, improving the grapevine performance. However, the area under the vines tends to be left bare by applying herbicides or tillage to avoid competition with the crop in semi-arid climates. Use of covers under-vine might be an alternative to these practices aiming at grapevine quality and soil health improvement. The aim of this research was to study the implications of soil management under the vines (cultivation and cover crops) on growth, yield, berry composition and soil microbial communities. A cover crop composed by a mixture of legumes was sown and compared with a control (cultivation), which includes frequent tillage to keep the soil bare, in three areas characterized by different edaphoclimatic conditions in the region of Navarra.

A comparative study on physiological responses to drought in wild Vitis species 

The crossings of three wild Vitis species are commonly used as rootstocks in wine production worldwide. Factors such as disease resistance and vigor are most important for their selection.
With climate change extending drought conditions and water limitations, the selection of rootstocks conferring increased tolerance to drought takes on greater importance. Therefore, identifying Vitis species with improved drought tolerance and incorporating them into breeding programs could contribute to more resilient rootstocks under water limiting conditions. Furthermore, those species serve as a valuable resource to increase genetic variability of rootstocks. We hypothesize that species native to drier habitats will exhibit superior physiological performance under drought stress.

Simulating the impact of climate change on grapevine behaviour and viticultural activities

Global climate change affects regional climates and hold implications for wine growing regions worldwide