Terroir 2010 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Terroirs de Balagne: focus sur le Vermentinu

Terroirs de Balagne: focus sur le Vermentinu

Abstract

[English version below]

Depuis 2002, le CIVAM de la région Corse, a entrepris une étude des terroirs viticoles de l’appellation AOC Corse-Calvi (Balagne), comprenant la cartographie des terroirs à potentialité viticole, l’étude a gronomique et œnologique des 3 principaux cépages de l’appellation : Vermentinu (blanc), Niellucciu et Sciaccarellu (rouge et rosé) sur les différents terroirs cartographiés.
La cartographie des terroirs a été réalisée sur SIG à partir d’un ensemble de facteurs naturels représentés sous forme de cartes numérisées géoréférencées, scindé en 2 groupes:
– le sol (prenant en compte: la nature du sol et du sous-sol, la réserve en eau, l’hydromorphie) – le morphoclimat (composé des cartes de: pente, expositions, altitudes, distances au rivage, pluviométrie, somme des températures supérieures à 10°c, insolation théorique).
La carte morphoclimatique a été obtenue en appliquant à l’ensemble des cartes le constituant, un traitement statistique en ACP. La carte finale des terroirs a été obtenue par croisement entre la carte des sols et la carte du morphoclimat. 24 terroirs ont ainsi é té identifiés. Une étude agronomique et œnologique du Vermentinu a été réalisée sur 5 terroirs ( soit, près de 63% des surfaces à vocation viticole de l’appellation), grâce au suivi d’un réseau de 7 parcelles de vigne possédant les mêmes caractéristiques ( âge, clone, porte-greffe, taille, palissage, densité de plantation, SFE…). Les contrôles ont été effectués au niveau de la physiologie de la vigne (débourrement, véraison, maturité, stress hydrique), de la récolte (état sanitaire, rendement, fertilité, poids des baies et des grappes), des vinifications (les raisins de chaque parcelle ont été vinifiés de manière identique, les vins ont été analysés et dégustés par un jury de professionnels). Ce travail a été réalisé entre 2002 et 2007. Des résultats intéressants ont été obtenus au niveau de la physiologie de la vigne, de la production et des paramètres physico-chimiques des vins. Des différences marquées ont été observées lors des dégustations. 4 profils sensoriels ont été identifiés sur les 5 terroirs étudiés, leur potentiel de vieillissement a également été défini.
– Cette étude a permis de connaître, dans un premier temps, la capacité de chaque type de terroir à marquer l’expression des vins blancs de Vermentinu. Ces caractéristiques pouvant être exacerbées ou atténuées par l’effet millésime.

Since 2002, the CIVAM region Corsica, undertook a study viticultural land designation AOC Corse-Calvi (Balagne), including mapping to wine-growing potential terroirs, Study agronomy and œnological the 3 main grape varieties of the appellation: Vermentinu (white), Niellucciu and Sciaccarellu (red and rose) on different land mapped.
Terroir mapping was conducted on GIS to a set of natural factors represented as digitized geo-referenced maps, split into 2 groups:
– soil (taking into account: nature of soil and the sub soil, water reserve, the hydromorphie)
– the morphoclimat (cards consisting of: slope, exhibitions, altitudes, distances from shore, pluviometry, temperatures above 10°c, theoretical insolation sum).
The morphoclimatique card was obtained by applying cards all the constituent, a statistical treatment in ACP. The final terroir card was obtained by cross between the soil card and the morphoclimat card. 24 terroirs were thus identified. Agronomy and œnological from the Vermentinu study was conducted on 5 terroirs (either 63% surfaces of appellation) through monitoring a network of 7 plots of vines that have the same characteristics (age, clone, rootstock, vineyard, size, density of planting, SFE…). The checks have been performed at physiology of the vine (débourrement, veraison, maturity, water stress), harvest (health, yield, fertility, weight arrays and pools), vinifications (each vineyard grapes have been vinified identically, wines have been analyzed and tasted by a jury of professionals). This work was carried out between 2002 and 2007. Interesting results were obtained at the physiology of vine, production and physico-chemical parameters of wines. Marked differences have been observed during the tasting. 4 sensory profiles have been identified on 5 studied terroir, their potential for ageing has also been defined.
This study led to know, first, the capacity of each terroir type to mark the expression Vermentinu white wines. These characteristics may be exacerbated or mitigated by the effect millésime.

DOI:

Publication date: December 3, 2021

Issue: Terroir 2010

Type: Article

Authors

Uscidda nathalie, Bourde laurent

CIVAM de le région Corse, 20230 San Giuliano, France

Contact the author

Keywords

terroirs, pédologie, morphoclimat, SIG, ACP, vermentinu, physiologie, production, profils sensoriels, potentiel de vieillissement
Terroirs, soil science, morphoclimat, GIS, ACP, vermentinu, Physiology, production, sensory profiles, ageing potential

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2010

Citation

Related articles…

How can yeast modulate Divona’s aromatic profile?

Volatile thiols play a key role in the aromatic expression of white wines, contributing to notes such as passion fruit, grapefruit, and herbal nuances [1]. These compounds, present as non-volatile precursors in grapes, require enzymatic activation to be released and realize their aromatic potential.

Leaf vine content in nutrients and trace elements in La Mancha (Spain) soils: influence of the rootstock

The use of rootstock of American origin has been the classic method of fighting against Phylloxera for more than 100 years. For this reason, it is interesting to establish if different rootstock modifies nutrient composition as well as trace elements content that could be important for determining the traceability of the vine products. A survey of four classic rootstocks (110-Richter, SO4, FERCAL and 1103-Paulsen) and four new ones (M1, M2, M3 and M4) provided by Agromillora Iberia. S.L.U., all of them grafted with the Tempranillo variety, has been carried out during 2019. The eight rootstocks were planted in pots of 500 cc, on three soils with very different characteristics from Castilla-La Mancha (Spain). In the month of July, the leaves were collected and dried in a forced air oven for seven days at 40ºC. Then, the samples were prepared for the analysis determination, carried out by X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry. The results obtained showed that in the case of content in mineral elements in leaf, separated by soil type, we can report the importance of few elements such as Si, Fe, Pb and, especially, Sr. The rootstock does not influence the composition of the vine leaf for the studied elements that are the most important in determining the geochemical footprint of the soil. The influence of the soil can be discriminated according to some elements such as Fe, Pb, Si and, especially, Sr.

Long-lasting flavour perception of wines treated with oenological additives considering the individual PROP taste-phenotype

The use of oenological additives is becoming a common practice due to the technological and sensory properties they provide to the wines. However, the number of studies focused on the impact that these additives might induce on wine flavor perception during wine tasting is still quite scarce. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of three different types of common oenological additives: two oenotannins (ellagitannin and gallotannin) and a commercial preparation of yeast mannoproteins on the long-lasting flavor perception (aroma and astringency).

Pinot blanc: how terroir and pressing techniques impact on the must composition and wine quality

This study investigates how different pressing techniques impact on the sensory profile of Pinot Blanc wines sourced from different terroirs.

Adaptability of grapevines to climate change: characterization of phenology and sugar accumulation of 50 varieties, under hot climate conditions

Climate is the major factor influencing the dynamics of the vegetative cycle and can determine the timing of phenological periods. Knowledge of the phenology of varieties, their chronological duration, and thermal requirements, allows not only for the better management of interventions in the vineyard, but also to predict the varieties’ behaviour in a scenario of climate change, giving the wine producer the possibility of selecting the grape varieties that are best adapted to the climatic conditions of a certain terroir. In 2014, Symington Family Estates, Vinhos, established two grape variety libraries in two different places with distinctive climate conditions (Douro Superior, and Cima Corgo), with the commitment of contributing to a deeper agronomic and oenological understanding of some grape varieties, in hot climate conditions. In these research vineyards are represented local varieties that are important in the regional and national viticulture, but also others that have over time been forgotten — as well as five international reference cultivars. From 2017 to 2021, phenological observations have been made three times a week, following a defined protocol, to determine the average dates of budbreak, flowering and veraison. With the climate data of each location, the thermal requirements of each variety and the chronological duration of each phase have been calculated. During maturation, berry samples have been gathered weekly to study the dynamics of sugar accumulation, between other parameters. The data was analysed applying phenological and sugar accumulation models available in literature. The results obtained show significant differences between the varieties over several parameters, from the chronological duration and thermal requirements to complete the various stages of development, to the differences between the two locations, confirming the influence of the climate on phenology and the stages of maturation, in these specific conditions.