Terroir 2004 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Flanan-3-ol compositional changes in red grape berries (Vitis vinifera L. cv Cabernet franc) from two terroirs of the Loire Valley (France)

Flanan-3-ol compositional changes in red grape berries (Vitis vinifera L. cv Cabernet franc) from two terroirs of the Loire Valley (France)

Abstract

[English version below]

La quantité et la qualité des flavonoïdes sont des éléments importants de la qualité de la baie. En particulier, les tannins contribuent de manière essentielle aux propriétés spécifiques des vins rouges telles que la couleur, l’astringence et l’amertume. Cependant, leur synthèse et leurs propriétés sont encore mal connues. Ainsi, la compréhension des relations qui existent entre, d’une part, le milieu et d’autre part la mise en place de ce pool tannique jusqu’à la vendange est insuffisante. La composition en tannins des pellicules est suivie depuis le milieu de la phase de croissance herbacée (30 jours après le début floraison) et jusqu’à une maturité normale, sur deux parcelles. L’étude considère un stade donné de développement et non pas la valeur moyenne des paramètres à la parcelle. Ainsi, l’apport d’une relation plus fonctionnelle entre composition et stade physiologique du raisin constitue un levier puissant d’interprétation. La composition en flavan-3-ols et en proanthocyanidines des pellicules est déterminée par HPLC-phase inverse et par histochimie. Le couplage de ces deux techniques permet d’associer des informations quantitatives et spatiales. Cette approche originale permet de mettre en évidence l’importance de la période pré-maturation, en relation avec l’avancement de la maturation mais également d’autres facteurs, comme le nombre de pépins. Qualitativement et quantitativement, les teneurs évoluent peu après véraison. Il est suggéré que le pool tannique est acquis avant véraison. D’autre part, il est montré une relation entre le nombre de pépins des baies et leur qualité.

The quantity and the quality of flavonoïds are important parts of the global quality of the grape berries. Especially, the tannins are responsible of some majors flavour properties of the red wines including colour, bitterness and astringency. Nevertheless, their synthesis and properties are still misunderstood. Thus, the comprehension of the relations between environment and setting of this tannic pool, up to the harvest of the grapes, is not sufficient. The tannin composition was monitored since the middle of the first growth period (30 days after the onset of flowering) to the average maturity, for two plots. The study the stage of the berries, and not the average value of the parameters. Thus, the contribution of a more functional relation between composition and physiological stage of the grape constitutes a powerful lever for interpretation. The composition in flavan-3-ols and in proanthocyanidins of skins were determined by HPLC reversed phase and by histochemistry. The linking of these two analytical techniques allowed the association of quantitative and spatial data. This original approach pointed out the importance of the period previous maturation in relation with the stage of maturation but also others factors, such as the number of seeds. There was little evolution of the tannins after veraison. It is suggested that the tannic pool is set before veraison. More, a relation between the number of seeds and the quality of the berries was shown.

DOI:

Publication date: January 12, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2004

Type: Article

Authors

Y. Cadot (1), M.T. Miňana (1), R. Champenois (1), M. Chevalier (2) and G. Barbeau (1)

(1) Unité Vigne et Vin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre de Recherches d’Angers, 42 rue Georges Morel, 49071 Beaucouzé Cedex, France
(2) Unité Mixte de Recherche Génétique et Horticulture (GenHort), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre de Recherches d’Angers, 42 rue Georges Morel, 49071 Beaucouzé Cedex, France

Contact the author

Keywords

Tannins, maturation, Vitis vinifera var. cabernet franc, skin, seed, histochemistry

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2004

Citation

Related articles…

Improved vineyard sampling efficiency using aerial NDVI

Random sampling is often considered to be the best protocol for fruit sampling because it is assumed to produce a sample that best represents the vineyard population.

Advanced phenology due to climate change is projected to shift precipitation patterns for key cultivar-region combinations in New Zealand

Context of the study. Shifts in grapevine phenology driven by temperature increase due to climate change may result in different rainfall profiles between phenological stages.

Exploring the gene regulatory networks of WRKY family in grapevine (Vitis vinifera  L.) using DAP-Seq

The recent development of regulatory genomics has raised increasing interest in plant research since transcriptional regulation of genes plays a pivotal role in many biological processes. By shedding light on the target genes of the various transcription factors (TFs), it is therefore possible to infer the influence they exert on the different molecular mechanisms. In this regard, the attention was focused on WRKYs, a family of TFs almost exclusively found in plant species. In grapevine, WRKYs are involved in several biological processes, playing a key role in berry development, hormonal balance and signalling, biotic and abiotic stresses responses, and secondary metabolites biosynthesis.

Fermentative volatile compounds and chromatic characteristics can contribute to Italian white wines diversity

Perceived aroma plays an important role in wine quality, and it depends mainly on the volatile composition. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from grapes and those formed during winemaking are involved in the sensory complexity of wines. In aroma-neutral winegrape varieties, the winemaking process itself, and particularly alcoholic fermentation (AF), impacts strongly on the organoleptic characteristics of wines due to the formation of volatile alcohols, acids, and esters. In addition, phenolic compounds could contribute not only to the wine color but also to VOCs evolution during AF.

Impact of cover crop in vineyard on the musts volatile profile of Vitis vinifera L. Cv Syrah

rape aromatic characteristics are very important for the production of quality wines. The concentrations of volatile compounds in grape berries from vines with cover crops have been scarcely studied.