Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 The albarizas and the viticultural zoning of Jerez­-Xérès-Sherry and Manzanilla-Sanlúcar de Barrameda registered apellations of origin (Cadiz, Spain)

The albarizas and the viticultural zoning of Jerez­-Xérès-Sherry and Manzanilla-Sanlúcar de Barrameda registered apellations of origin (Cadiz, Spain)

Abstract

Le terme ”Albariza” (du latin “albus“, blanc) déterminait à l’origine un type particulier du terrain calcaire, mais à présent il sert aussi à définir les sols et la bibliographie géologique actuelle le cite également pour de roches sédimentaires originaires du Neogene Betic.
Dans ce travail, les auteurs montrent la distribution et la géomorphologie des formations “albarizas” et sa participation aux UTB des Appellations d’Origine Contrôlée citées (AOC).
Les horizons du sol, du sous-sol et la roche mère des parcelles viticoles avec le cépage Palomino Fino sont décrits.
Le profil type du sol est ApC avec des variantes (ApC1 C; ApCkC) et avec une profondeur > 4 mètres. Dans le terre fine (Ø < 2 mm) le niveau de matière organique est très faible (< 20 g kg-1 ), les niveaux des carbonates très élevés(≈ 400 g kg-1 ) et la calcaire actif variable (120- 300 g kg-1 ). La CEC est de 20 cmolc kg1 environ et la saturation en bases du 100% (Ca2+ prédominant). La texture est argilo-limoneuse.
Le densité apparente (Da), dans des échantillons inalterés, variable (800-1400 kg M-3) et la porosité totale (Pt) du 58%. La capacité d’aireation (CA) est très élevée dans l’horizon superficiel (30% environ) et faible quoique variable dans le sous-sol (7-17%). L’eau disponible (RU) est de 12-20% et la permeabilité des echantillons saturés lente.
Ces paramètres dont nous venons de parler se complémentent avec des études en lame mince.
L’information ainsi obtenue ajoutée aux doMées climatiques, géomorfologiques, viticoles … est utilisée pour la delimitation des terroirs “albarizas” dans le zonage des AOC citées ci­ dessus.

The term albariza (L. albus, white) was originally applied to a special type of calcareous terrains. Nowadays it is also applied to soils and, in recent geological bibliography, to sedimentary rocks from the Betic Neogene with a particular origin, composition and structure.
In this work, we report the distribution and the geomorphology of the albarizas as well as its presence in diverse UTB in Jerez-Xérès-Sherry and Manzanilla-Sanlucar de Barrameda Registered Appellations of Origin (AOC) zones. The soil cover, subsoil and geological substratum horizons from a number of vineyards have been studied, being the predominant cultivar Palomino Fino.
The soil profile type is ApC with its variations (ApC1C; ApCkC), being high the effective soil depth (>4 m). Organic

matter content in fine earth is very low (<20 g Kg1 ), and total carbonates very high (≈ 400 g Kg-1 ); active lime content is diverse (120-300 g Kg-1 ). The CEC is about 20 cmolc Kg-1 , with a 100% base saturation, mainly due to Ca2+. The predominant soil textural classes are silty clay and silty clay loam.
Bulk density, in unaltered samples, ranges from 850 to 1300 kg m-3 being the average total porosity of 58 %. The air capacity is extremely high in the plough horizon (≈ 20 %). Available soil-water varies from 6 to 21 %. Permeability in saturated samples is slow (0.2-4 cm h-1).
The parameters cited above are completed and explained through the study of thin sections from that material. This information together with other data (climate, geomorphology, vitivinicoles data …) are used for the zoning of the albarizas terrains in Jerez-Xérès-Sherry and Manzanilla-Sanlucar de Barrameda AOC zones.

 

 

 

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002

Type: Article

Authors

PANEQUE, G. (1), ROCA, M.(2); ESPINO, C.(1); PARDO, C. (2), ALDECOA, J. (2), PANEQUE, P. (1)

(1) Departamento de Cristalografia, Mineralogia y Quimica Agricola. Universidad de Sevilla. Campus de Reina Mercedes sin (41071 Seville, Spain)
(2) Edafologia. Escuela Universitaria de Ingenieria Técnica Agricola. Cortijo de Cuarto. (Seville, Spain)

Keywords

albarizas, Jerez-Xérès-Sherry, Sanlucar de Barrameda, zonage vitivinicole, terroir
albarizas, Jerez-Xérès-Sherry; Sanlucar de Barrameda, viticultural zoning; terroirs

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Influence of grape withering on corvina and corvinone aroma composition

AIM:Valpolicella is a wine region located in Italy north-east, famous for the production of dry and sweet red wines from withered grapes, including Amarone and Recioto. The aim of this study is to understand the influence of the withering process on Corvina and Corvinone wines aroma profiles. METHODS:Wines were produced with a standard red wine winemaking protocol with Corvina and Corvinone grapes from different Valpolicella vineyards and vintages. In consideration of the local traditional practice of post-harvest withering of the grapes, wines from each vineyard were obtained from either fresh and withered grapes. Wines were analysed by Solid Phase Extraction and Solid Phase Micro Extraction gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.

PROBING GRAPEVINE-BOTRYTIS CINEREA INTERACTION THROUGH MASS SPECTROMETRY IMAGING

Plants in their natural environment are in continuous interaction with large numbers of potentially pathogenic and beneficial microorganisms. Depending on the microbe, plants have evolved a variety of resistance mechanisms that can be constitutively expressed or induced. Phytoalexins, which are biocidal compounds of low to medium molecular weight synthesized by and accumulated in plants as a response to stress, take part in this intricate defense system.1,2
One of the limitations of our knowledge of phytoalexins is the difficulty of analyzing their spatial responsiveness occurring during plant- pathogen interactions under natural conditions.

Effect of different foliar nitrogen applications on the must amino acids and glutathione composition in Cabernet Sauvignon vineyard

Cabernet Sauvignon is one of the most important winegrape varieties in Chile. However, temperature raise and decreased rainfall due to climate change can lead to grape quality decrease in certain areas. Amino acids are essential as nitrogen source for yeast but also directly affect grape quality serving as precursors of certain volatile compounds that enhance the wine bouquet. Besides, glutathione is an important tripeptide acting as antioxidant, preventing the appearance of browning pigments in must and exerts a protective effect in volatile compounds.

Redwine project: how to valorize CO2 and effluents from wineries in vineyards and winemaking with microalgae biomass

Global warming due to greenhouse gases (GHG) has become a serious worldwide concern. The new EU green deal aims to achieve GHG emissions reduction by at least 55% by 2030 and a climate neutral eu economy by 2050. The deal strongly encourages GHG reducing measures at local, national and european levels. The redwine project will demonstrate the technical, economic and environmental feasibility of reducing by, at least, 31% of the CO2 eq.

Enhanced polyphenol extraction during Pinot Noir and Cabernet Sauvignon wine making

The quality of red wine depends on the composition of polyphenols influencing wine color and taste. The question is, how much we must fear over extraction, especially of seed tannins, under cool climate conditions. The extraction of polyphenols from grape skins and grape seeds were investigated for the grape varieties Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot noir