Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 The albarizas and the viticultural zoning of Jerez­-Xérès-Sherry and Manzanilla-Sanlúcar de Barrameda registered apellations of origin (Cadiz, Spain)

The albarizas and the viticultural zoning of Jerez­-Xérès-Sherry and Manzanilla-Sanlúcar de Barrameda registered apellations of origin (Cadiz, Spain)

Abstract

Le terme ”Albariza” (du latin “albus“, blanc) déterminait à l’origine un type particulier du terrain calcaire, mais à présent il sert aussi à définir les sols et la bibliographie géologique actuelle le cite également pour de roches sédimentaires originaires du Neogene Betic.
Dans ce travail, les auteurs montrent la distribution et la géomorphologie des formations “albarizas” et sa participation aux UTB des Appellations d’Origine Contrôlée citées (AOC).
Les horizons du sol, du sous-sol et la roche mère des parcelles viticoles avec le cépage Palomino Fino sont décrits.
Le profil type du sol est ApC avec des variantes (ApC1 C; ApCkC) et avec une profondeur > 4 mètres. Dans le terre fine (Ø < 2 mm) le niveau de matière organique est très faible (< 20 g kg-1 ), les niveaux des carbonates très élevés(≈ 400 g kg-1 ) et la calcaire actif variable (120- 300 g kg-1 ). La CEC est de 20 cmolc kg1 environ et la saturation en bases du 100% (Ca2+ prédominant). La texture est argilo-limoneuse.
Le densité apparente (Da), dans des échantillons inalterés, variable (800-1400 kg M-3) et la porosité totale (Pt) du 58%. La capacité d’aireation (CA) est très élevée dans l’horizon superficiel (30% environ) et faible quoique variable dans le sous-sol (7-17%). L’eau disponible (RU) est de 12-20% et la permeabilité des echantillons saturés lente.
Ces paramètres dont nous venons de parler se complémentent avec des études en lame mince.
L’information ainsi obtenue ajoutée aux doMées climatiques, géomorfologiques, viticoles … est utilisée pour la delimitation des terroirs “albarizas” dans le zonage des AOC citées ci­ dessus.

The term albariza (L. albus, white) was originally applied to a special type of calcareous terrains. Nowadays it is also applied to soils and, in recent geological bibliography, to sedimentary rocks from the Betic Neogene with a particular origin, composition and structure.
In this work, we report the distribution and the geomorphology of the albarizas as well as its presence in diverse UTB in Jerez-Xérès-Sherry and Manzanilla-Sanlucar de Barrameda Registered Appellations of Origin (AOC) zones. The soil cover, subsoil and geological substratum horizons from a number of vineyards have been studied, being the predominant cultivar Palomino Fino.
The soil profile type is ApC with its variations (ApC1C; ApCkC), being high the effective soil depth (>4 m). Organic

matter content in fine earth is very low (<20 g Kg1 ), and total carbonates very high (≈ 400 g Kg-1 ); active lime content is diverse (120-300 g Kg-1 ). The CEC is about 20 cmolc Kg-1 , with a 100% base saturation, mainly due to Ca2+. The predominant soil textural classes are silty clay and silty clay loam.
Bulk density, in unaltered samples, ranges from 850 to 1300 kg m-3 being the average total porosity of 58 %. The air capacity is extremely high in the plough horizon (≈ 20 %). Available soil-water varies from 6 to 21 %. Permeability in saturated samples is slow (0.2-4 cm h-1).
The parameters cited above are completed and explained through the study of thin sections from that material. This information together with other data (climate, geomorphology, vitivinicoles data …) are used for the zoning of the albarizas terrains in Jerez-Xérès-Sherry and Manzanilla-Sanlucar de Barrameda AOC zones.

 

 

 

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002

Type: Article

Authors

PANEQUE, G. (1), ROCA, M.(2); ESPINO, C.(1); PARDO, C. (2), ALDECOA, J. (2), PANEQUE, P. (1)

(1) Departamento de Cristalografia, Mineralogia y Quimica Agricola. Universidad de Sevilla. Campus de Reina Mercedes sin (41071 Seville, Spain)
(2) Edafologia. Escuela Universitaria de Ingenieria Técnica Agricola. Cortijo de Cuarto. (Seville, Spain)

Keywords

albarizas, Jerez-Xérès-Sherry, Sanlucar de Barrameda, zonage vitivinicole, terroir
albarizas, Jerez-Xérès-Sherry; Sanlucar de Barrameda, viticultural zoning; terroirs

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Oenological compatibility of biocontrol yeasts applied to wine grapes 

Antagonistic yeasts applied to wine grapes must be compatible with the thereafter winemaking process, avoiding competition with the fermentative Saccharomyces cerevisiae or affecting wine flavour. Therefore, fifteen epiphytic yeasts (6 Metschnikowia sp., 6 Hanseniaspora uvarum, 3 Starmerella bacillaris) previously selected for its biocontrol ability against Alternaria on wine grapes were evaluate for possible competition with S. cerevisiae by the Niche Overlap Index (NOI) employing YNB agar media with 10 mM of 17 different carbonate sources present in wine grapes (proline, asparagine, alanine, glutamic acid, tirosine, arginine, lisine, methionine, glicine, malic acid, tartaric acid, fructose, melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, sucrose, glucose).

Adaptation to climate change by determining grapevine cultivar differences using temperature-based phenology models

Grapevine phenology is advancing with increased temperatures associated with climate change. This may result in higher fruit sugar concentrations at harvest and/or earlier compressed harvests and changes in the synchrony of sugar with other fruit metabolites. One adaptation strategy that growers may use to maintain typicity of wine style is to change cultivars. This approach may enable fruit

Hanseniaspora in wine-making: their genetic modification and potential role in acid modulation

Hanseniaspora spp. are one of the most common yeast isolates in vineyards and wineries and play an important role in wine-making.

The legal concept of “cultural heritage” to refurbish the wine sector’s priorities

Following the latest oiv global report (april 26, 2024), the prevailing perception of wine consumption finds itself undergoing one of its most challenging adjustments. It’s plausible to anticipate a shift in the scope of pdo wines towards more human-centered products (wells and stiefel, 2019), necessitating the entire sector to adapt strategies to public interest patterns (touzeau, 2010: 17-31). Previously, a dominant notion of cultural property underscored the value of wine regions; the primary interest revolved around estate owners and retailers, along with vigneron tales.

Making sense of a sense of place: precision viticulture approaches to the analysis of terroir at different scales

Agriculture, natural resource management and the production and sale of products such as wine are increasingly data-driven activities. Thus, the use of remote and proximal crop and soil sensors to aid management decisions is becoming commonplace and ‘Agtech’ is proliferating commercially; mapping, underpinned by geographical information systems and complex methods of spatial analysis, is widely used…