Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Definition and planning of viticultural landscapes case study in the “Côtes du Rhône Gardoises”

Definition and planning of viticultural landscapes case study in the “Côtes du Rhône Gardoises”

Abstract

[English version below]

Les préoccupations actuelles autour des paysages viticoles vont au-delà des clichés promotionnels développés par les stratégies marketing. En effet, les paysages sont aujourd’hui au cœur d’une demande sociale croissante qui se traduit par différentes lois (la loi paysage de 1993, le paysage reconnu comme patrimoine commun de la nation par la loi n°95-101, la création du Conseil national du paysage par arrêté du 8/12/2000). Plus que des vitrines, les paysages deviennent ainsi de véritables objets de consommation et forment les nouveaux supports du développement d’un territoire et de ses activités. Ainsi, pour le vin, les paysages viticoles constituent de véritables enjeux pour la filière. Mais pour que les paysages viticoles servent la filière, elle a besoin de les identifier, de les caractériser, de les nommer et donc de les zoner. Cette communication a pour objectif de définir et d’identifier la diversité que recouvre l’expression de paysages viticoles. Partant d’une définition vaste et subjective, nous proposons une grille d’analyse théorique visant la caractérisation des paysages liés à l’activité vitivinicole par une typologie. Cette première approche rend donc plus lisible le concept de paysage viticole en soulignant la diversité de ses composants et de ses expressions. Sans se limiter à une approche théorique des paysages viticoles, l’ensemble de la démarche est appliqué dans un second temps à un cas concret, la partie gardoise de l’Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée Côtes du Rhône.

Current worries about viticultural landscapes are beyond basic views that are shown through marketing strategies. Thus, as an answer to wider social needs, several laws protecting landscape were enforced in the last few years [eg. “loi paysage” in 1993, acknowledgment of the landscape as a National and common heritage with the law 95-101, implementation of the landscape National council in December 2000]. However, besides legal steps, the landscape becomes a mass consumption product that has a deep impact on the land development and its activities. Therefore, viticultural landscapes influence the wine sub sector through economical and cultural assets.
However, in order to support the wine sub sector viticultural landscapes must be known, described and named ; in addition their land use has to be planned. First of all, a clear overview of viticultural landscapes must be conducted to help sub sector’s actors to define the latter. Furthermore, and as a result, viticultural landscapes diversity will be identified. Starting from a wide and subjective concept, we suggest an analysis framework that would allow us to qualify landscapes with vineyards’ activities. We have based our methodology on a systemic analyze that gathers similar units, and ends up in creating a vineyards’ typology. Therefore, this first step shows a diversity that clarifies the viticultural landscape concept. However, this article is not restricted to a theoretical approach, and shows the application of our method on a practical case study conducted in the Gardoise area of the “AOC Côtes du Rhône”.

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002

Type: Article

Authors

Laurence FABBRI (1); Monique DEMARQUE (2); François MICHAUD (3)

(1) and (2) CNRS UMR 5045, Université Paul. Valéry, Route de Mende, 34199 Montpellier cedex 5, France
(3) Université Montpellier I, 5 bd Henri IV, BP 1017, 34006 Montpellier cedex 1, France

Keywords

paysages viticoles, définition, artalyse, zonage, Côtes du Rhône gardoises
viticultural landscapes, definition, analyze, zoning, Côtes du Rhône gardoises

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Multidisciplinary strategies for understanding ill-defined concepts

Aims: The objective of the present work is to review strategies applied to decrypt multidimensional and ill-defined concepts employed by winemakers and to illustrate these strategies with recent applications.

Hyperspectral imaging and machine learning for monitoring grapevine physiology

Rootstocks are gaining importance in viticulture as a strategy to combat abiotic challenges, as well as enhancing scion physiology and attributes. Therefore, understanding how the rootstock affects photosynthesis is insightful for genetic improvement of either genotype in the grafted grapevines. Photosynthetic parameters such as maximum rate of carboxylation of RuBP (Vcmax) and the maximum rate of electron transport driving RuBP regeneration (Jmax) have been identified as ideal targets for breeding and genetic studies. However, techniques used to directly measure these photosynthetic parameters are limited to the single leaf level and are time-consuming measurements.

Perception, liking and emotional response of tropical fruit aromas in Chardonnay wines

Tropical fruit aromas in wines are thought to be important to wine consumers, although there is little research to confirm this statement. With so many wine styles available, it has become important to understand the qualities that are desirable to consumers and how to achieve those qualities. Thiols and esters are compounds that have been found to cause tropical fruit aromas in chardonnay (ref). Fermentation temperature gradients and skin contact were found to increase these compounds using micro scale fermentations. This work aimed to scale up these fermentations/operations to determine if the desired tropical fruit aromas could still be achieved and if there is a perceivable difference in tropical fruit aromas, liking, and emotional response in the wines at the consumer level.

Inactivated yeasts: a case study for the future of precision enology

Yeasts serve as highly versatile tools in oenology. They do more than just perform alcoholic fermentation. Nowadays, yeasts from various species, naturally present in grapes, are selected for specific non-fermentative applications. For example, the use of selected non-saccharomyces at the early stage of winemaking has become a common practice to limit the growth of unwanted microorganisms. When inactivated, yeasts can be fractionated into soluble and insoluble fractions providing a wide range of benefits related to structural components or specific metabolites.

NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY FOR THE ESTIMATION OF TEMPRANILLO BLANCO VOLATILE COMPOSITION ALONG GRAPE MATURATION

Grape volatile compounds are mainly responsible for wine aroma, so it is important to know the va-rietal aromatic composition throughout ripening process. Currently, there are no tools that allow mea-suring the aromatic composition of grapes, in intact berries and periodically, throughout ripening, in the vineyard or in the winery. For this reason, this work evaluated the use of near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) to estimate the aromatic composition and total soluble solids (TSS) of Tempranillo Blanco berries during ripening. For this purpose, NIR spectra (1100-2100 nm) were acquired from 240 samples of in-tact berries, collected at different dates, from veraison to overripening.