Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Water status, nitrogen status and leaf area/ crop ratio effect on aromatic potential of vitis viniferaberries : example of Sauvignon blanc

Water status, nitrogen status and leaf area/ crop ratio effect on aromatic potential of vitis viniferaberries : example of Sauvignon blanc

Abstract

[English version below]

Les effets de l’état hydrique et de l’alimentation en azote sur le potentiel aromatique des raisins de Sauvignon blanc ont été mesurés sur des vignobles du Bordelais. Les déficits hydriques ont été caractérisés par le potentiel tige déterminé en milieu de journée ΨTmin)­. L’alimentation en azote a été étudiée à partir d’une zone carencée en azote. Une part de cette zone a été supplémentée avec de l’azote minéral. La teneur en précurseurs cystéinylés des raisins varie avec l’état hydrique de la vigne. Comparés à une alimentation en eau non limitative, les déficits hydriques modérés exercent une influence positive sur la teneur en précurseurs cystéinylés des raisins. La correction de la carence en azote a entraîné une forte augmentation des teneurs en précurseurs cystéinylés et en glutathion dans les baies. Inversement, cet apport d’azote a induit une diminution de la teneur en composés phénoliques Un rapport surface foliaire sur rendement élevé exerce une influence positive sur la teneur en précurseurs cystéinylés des baies.

Water status and nitrogen status influence on berries aromatic potential of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sauvignon blanc have been surveyed in Bordeaux vineyard. Vine water deficit have been measured with the determination of midday stem water potential. Nitrogen status have been surveyed on the basis of deficient vines. Sorne of the vines have been fertilized with mineral nitrogen. S-cysteine conjugates, precursors of the volatile thiols have been determined. Berries precursors content is under the dependence on vine water status. Moderate water deficits have a positive effect on the berries precursors content. The Correction of the nitrogen deficiency provoked a strong increase of berries precursors and glutathion content, whereas the phenolic content decreased. A high leaf area / crop balance has played a positive influence on the berries precursors content.

Download the PDF

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002

Type: Article

Authors

Xavier CHONÉ (1,2), Valérie LAVIGNE-CRUEGE (1), Virginie MOINE-LEDOUX (1), Philippe CHÉRY (2), Takatoshi TOMINAGA (1), Denis DUBOURDIEU (1)

(1) Faculté d’Oenologie de Bordeaux, Université Bordeaux 2 Victor Ségalen, 351 Crs de la Libération, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
(2) ENITA de Bordeaux, 1 Crs du Général de Gaulle, 33175 Gradignan Cedex, France

Keywords

terroir, vigne, déficit hydrique, potentiel tige, surface foliaire, alimentation en azote, fertilisation, raisins, arômes, précurseurs cystéinylés, thiols, composés réducteurs, glutathion, composés phénoliques.
terroir, vine water deficit, stem water potential, leaf area, nitrogen status, fertilization, varietal aroma, precursors of the volatil thiols, reductive compound, berry glutathion and phenolic content

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Managing soil health in vineyards: knowns and unknowns 

The use of soil conservation practices in wine grape production is becoming common throughout the world in response to an increased awareness of the value of soil health to maintain crop productivity and environmental quality. However, little information is available on the meaning of soil health within a viticultural context, and what soil properties should be targeted to achieve both the agronomic and environmental goals of wine grape producers. Conservation practices lead to increases in soil organic matter which may improve soil water retention, and increase soil C content therefore constituting a potential avenue to adapt to droughts and sequester C. Well-known management practices such as the use of cover crops, compost or no-till, although effective, seem to result in highly variable outcomes in soil organic matter and other soil health indicators. This variability is likely associated to the application of the practices in different soils and climates. Thus, integration of soil health building practices needs a thorough understanding of their efficacy under different conditions. Furthermore, additions of soil organic matter could trigger emissions of CO2 and N2O, a potent greenhouse gas that could represent a potential tradeoff of soil conservation practices. Finally, nutrient and water availability may be affected by the increase in soil organic matter having consequences for vine balance and grape quality.
Read More

Methodology and zoning of A.O.C. natural soils. Example of “Pic Saint-Loup”

Les travaux menés, dans le cadre du programme départemental pour la connaissance et la valorisation des terroirs viticoles, sur l’aire A.O.C. Coteaux du Languedoc / Pic Saint-Loup ont permis d’appliquer à l’échelle d’une Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée (13 communes), une méthodologie d’étude axée sur les aspects sol/climat/topographie qui concourent à l’identification des terroirs naturels, facteurs de typicité des vins.

Read More

Effect of Quercus Alba oak barrels from different forests on the polyphenolic composition of Tempranillo red wines

The species and origin used for red wine oak aging determines the physiological composition of the wood and thus the finished wines. In America, oak is grown primarily in the states of Virginia, Missouri, Kentucky, Oregon, Ohio, Minnesota, Wisconsin and California. The aim of this study was to analyze how the choice of barrels made with Quercus Alba oak from different geographic areas of the United States (Missouri, Kentucky, Ohio and Pennsylvania) influences the polyphenolic composition of Tempranillo red wines.

Read More

Valorization of winemaking by-products through circular economy approaches

Winemaking generates significant amounts of by-products, such as grape pomace and wine lees, which are primarily used for distillation and composting.

Read More

Using the fraction of transpirable soil water to estimate grapevine leaf water potential: comparing the classical statistical regression approach to machine learning algorithms

Weather uncertainty is forcing Mediterranean winegrowers to adopt new irrigation strategies to cope with water scarcity while ensuring a sustainable yield and improved berry and wine quality standards. Therefore, more accurate and high-resolution monitoring of soil water content and vine water status is a major concern. Leaf water potential measured at pre-dawn (PD) is considered to be in equilibrium with soil water potential and is highly correlated with soil water content at the soil depth where roots extract water.

Read More