Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Primary results on the characterisation of “terroir” in the certified denomination of origin Rioja (Spain)

Primary results on the characterisation of “terroir” in the certified denomination of origin Rioja (Spain)

Abstract

[English version below]

La integración de variables referentes al clima, la litología y la morfología del relieve y el suelo en la D.O. Ca Rioja permite la configuración de un modelo a través de cuya validación se obtiene la delimitación de zonas vitícolas. A través del análisis estadístico (Clasificación Automática, AFD, ACP,…) se eliminan las variables del clima que aportan información redundante, lo que permite la constitución de un modelo que con dos únicas variables (ETO e Índice de Costantinescu) explica el 88 % de la varianza y partir de el que se configura una cartografía en seis zonas climáticas vitícolas (Fig.1).
La litología es valorada a través de agrupaciones litológicas cuya cartografía da lugar a diecinueve subzonas con vocación vitícola diferenciada (Fig. 4). Las variables referentes a la morfología del relieve y el suelo son valoradas a través del concepto de Serie de Suelos (Fig. 7). El tratamiento de la información por un Sistema de Información Geográfica (GIS) da como resultado la cuantificación de los contenidos y la posibilidad de su tratamiento estadístico. El resultado es un modelo con resultado cartográfico cuyas unidades son evaluadas desde el punto de vista vitícola por un sistema paramétrico aplicado a la unidad taxonómica principal y adaptado a las condiciones ecológicas particulares de la viña que da como resultado cinco clases (Fig. 10). La validación de los resultados mediante su comparación con las unidades cartográficas anteriormente definidas se realiza a través de variables relacionadas con la distribución superficial y el rendimiento en conjunto y por variedades. (Tabla 4).

The integration of variables concerning the climate, lithology, morphology of the relief and the soils in the Denomination of Origin (D.O.) Ca Rioja permits for the configuration of a model from which the demarcation of viticultural regions are obtained after validation. By means of statistical analysis (automatic classification, AFD, ACP…), redundant climatic variables are eliminated, which permits for the construction of a model with only two variables (ETO and the Index of Constantinescu) that can explain 88% of the variation. From this analysis, a map with six viticultural climate zones was formed (Fig. 1). The lithology is valued by means of Iithological groupings, whose mapping shows nineteen subzones where land is dedicated to viticulture (Fig. 4). The variables concerning the morphology of the relief and the soils were appraised by means of the Soil Series concept (Fig. 7). Treatment of this information with a Geography Information System (GIS) provides results on the quantification of the contents and the possibility of statistical analysis. The result is a model with cartography properties, whose units are evaluated from a viticultural point of view by a parametric system, applied the principal taxonomic unit and adapted to particular ecological conditions in the vineyard. Five classes were the result (Figure 10). Validation of the results by comparison with cartographies units described previously was realized through variables related to the distribution or land area and overall vineyard productivity or varietal productivity (Table 4).

DOI:

Publication date: March 2, 2022

Issue: Terroir 1998

Type: Article

Authors

VICENTE SOTÉS, VICENTE GOMEZ-MIGUEL, LUIS F. SEOANE

Departamentos de Fitotecnia y Edafologia de la ETS de lngenieros Agrônomos. Universidad Politecnica de Madrid Avda Complutense s/n. 28040-Madrid

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 1998

Citation

Related articles…

GC-O and olfactoscan approaches to reveal premature aging markers in Chardonnay wine

Molecular markers of wine oxydation, such as sotolon or Strecker’s aldehydes that induce respectively nut or curry and boiled vegetables or wilted rose odors, can be percieved as a default by consumers. These volatile compounds are especially formed during the premature aging of wine, but it is likely that several contributing compounds are still unknown as is their combined contribution. This study was carried out to identify the markers of oxydation in Chardonnay wine by Gas Chromatography Olfactometry (GC-O) and to study the impact of these markers on the complex wine aromatic buffer using the Olfactoscan approach.A Chardonnay wine (2018-vintage), taken after malolactic fermentation without sulphites addition, was submitted to an artificial oxidation to simulate more or less prononced premature oxidation. Volatile compounds were extracted by Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) and analysed by GC-O with a panel of 13 trained subjects. The same extract was also submitted to a second analysis based on the Olfactoscan technique, which allowed to evaluate the impact of each volatile compounds on the complex aromatic buffer of a non-oxidized wine delivered as background odor. Preliminary results revealed three types of behavior. On the one hand, several odor zones appeared only with the background odour, suggesting a synergy effect induced by the compounds in the aromatic buffer. Conversely, odor-active compounds could not be perceived within the background odor suggesting a masking effect. Finally several compounds were found to contribute as key odorants for wine oxydation once mixed with the aromatic buffer. These compounds are still to be identified using complementary techniques.

INTENSE PULSED LIGHT FOR VINEYARD WASTEWATER: A PROMISING NEW PROCESS OF DEGRADATION FOR PESTICIDES

The use of pesticides for vine growing is responsible for generating an important volume of wastewater. In 2009, 13 processes were authorized for wastewater treatment but they are expensive and the toxicological impact of the secondary metabolites that are formed is not clearly established. Recently photodecomposition processes have been studied and proved an effectiveness to degrade pesticides and to modify their structures (Maheswari et al., 2010, Lassale et al., 2014). In this field, Pulsed Light (PL) seems to be an interesting and efficient process (Baranda et al., 2017). Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the PL technology as a new process for the degradation of pesticides.

Grape must quality and mesoclimatic variability in Fruška Gora wine-growing region, Serbia

The Fruška Gora mountain is a traditional wine-growing region in Serbia situated in the Pannonian Basin. Due to such a position, the vicinity of the Danube River and the presence of concave configuration, it is suitable for grape production. This paper provides analyses of spatial variations in meteorological parameters and grape juice quality within Fruška Gora wine region over three consecutive vintages (2018-2020). The examined period can be defined as warm with cool nights during September (AVG 18,9°C; GDD 1918°C; CI 12°CF) and with the presence of mesoclimatic variability. The East part of the study area was somewhat drier and hotter compared to other parts of the region. The analyses of grape must samples (190 in total) of five cultivars (Cabernet-Sauvignon, Merlot, Chardonnay, Sauvignon blanc and Grašac (Welschriesling)) commonly grown across the region (19 sites), were performed using Fourier Transform Infrared Technology (FTIR). Among all cultivars, Sauvignon blanc was harvested first in the East area (DOY=246±5, GDD at harvest=1552±74, 22.2±0.7 °Brix), while the latest harvest was recorded for Cabernet-Sauvignon in the West (DOY=283±5, GDD at harvest=1936±187, 23.4±1.0 °Brix ). Both the red and white cultivars had higher acidity and YAN in the grape must if the vines were grown in the North and East compared to South and West areas. According to PCA analysis, Grašac showed the lowest variation in grape must chemical composition. Thus, the results confirm that Grašac is the most stable cultivar in Fruška Gora. All monitored cultivars reached technological fruit ripeness by the end of the growing season. However, it was difficult to reach full ripeness of red cultivars, mostly beacuse of uncoupling of technolocical and phenolic ripeness. Thus, Cabernet-Sauvignon had higher variations in GDD sums at harvest compared to other cultivars, which probably increased variations in grape must quality.

Do wine sulphites affect gut microbiota? An in vitro study of their digestion in the gastrointestinal tract

“Sulphites” and mainly sulphur dioxide (SO2) is by far the most widely used additive (E-220/INS 220) in winemaking and likely the most difficult to replace. The well-known antioxidant, antioxidasic and antimicrobial properties of SO2 make this molecule a practically essential tool, not only in winemaking, but also in the production of other food products. The current trend in winemaking is the reduction of this unfriendly additive due to its negative effects on health and environmental. In particular, it could cause headaches and intolerance/allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Wine is considered one of the major contributors of exposure of SO2 in the adult population, when this beverage is included in the diet.

Evaluation of two transmittance meters in estimating chlorophyll and nitrogen concentrations in grapevine cultivars

Two transmittance-based chlorophyll meters (SPAD-502 and CCM-200) were evaluated in estimating chlorophyll (Chl) and nitrogen (N) levels in grapevine leaves.