Comparison of plant nutrients in the soil solution and bleeding sap of grapevine cvs

Grapevine is one of the most-frequently phytosanitary treated crop systems. Consequently, restrictions have been applied by the European Commission on the number of pesticide treatments and the maximum quantity of copper fungicides allowed per year. Moreover, there is a need and an increasing demand for more ecological-sustainable agricultural products.
Seaweeds are currently used as fertilizers in viticulture, as they have been proven to be beneficial in several ways related to growth and nutrition.

In the last few decades, minor vine genotypes traditionally cultivated on the Mount Etna slopes, have attracted the interest of both researchers and vine growers, as they offer an interesting oenological profile.

The Fresh Mushroom Off-Flavor (FMOff) is a concerning undesirable aroma in wine specific of certain vintages, characterized by a typical button mushroom aroma. The appearance of this off-flavor is linked to the presence of certain fungus on the grape [1-3].

Chardonnay is the world’s most planted white grape variety and has met a great commercial success for decades.

he final concentration of phenolic compounds in the wines is usually lower than what might be expected given the phenolic concentration measured in grapes