WAC 2022 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 WAC 9 WAC 2022 9 3 - WAC - Oral 9 What happens with the glutathione during winemaking and the storage of the wine?

What happens with the glutathione during winemaking and the storage of the wine?

Abstract

We tried to give a part of the answer to this question by monitoring glutathione during winemaking and storage. The novelty of our approach is to quantify simultaneously the three known forms of glutathione: free glutathione (GSH), oxidized form (GSSG) and glutathione-S-sulfonate (GSSO3H). This last molecule was reported first in wine by Arapatsis et al. (2016), who described the reaction between SO2 and GSSG resulting GSH and GSSO3H. Theoretically, GSH can further react with SO2, but this reaction is slow. This results obtained in model wine was now proved in grape juice, by measuring the kinetic of the reaction after the addition of SO2. For this purpose a LC-MS/MS analysis method was developed, which allows for the first time the quantification of GSSO3H beside of GSH and GSSG in the wine. 

The analyses of samples taken in the different moment of winemaking shows that in the must only GSH and GSSG are present. GSSO3H appears after the addition of SO2 at the end of the alcoholic fermentation. It appears also to be the dominant form of glutathione in SO2 containing wines after 3 months storage. The analysis of a hundred of wines showed a correlation between the relative concentration of GSSO3H and the total SO2 level of the wine. Temperature also effects the reaction rate. Grape variety does not seem to influence the formation of GSSO3H. 

We could conclude that SO2 contribute to release active GSH from the GSSG and so extend the protection potential against oxidation during the first months of storage. It remains the questions: Does GSSO3H have any antioxidant activity? Further investigation would be needed to address this question. However, in the meantime, its quantification is important in the wine to avoid underestimating the glutathione content.

DOI:

Publication date: June 14, 2022

Issue: WAC 2022

Type: Article

Authors

Ágnes Dienes-Nagy, Frédéric Vuichard, Sandrine Belcher, Marie Blackford, Johannes Rösti, Fabrice Lorenzini

Presenting author

Ágnes Dienes-Nagy – Agroscope, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland

Agroscope, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland | Agroscope, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland | Agroscope, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland| Agroscope, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland | Agroscope, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland 

Contact the author

Keywords

glutathione, wine, glutathione-S-sulfonate, LC-MS/MS

Tags

IVES Conference Series | WAC 2022

Citation

Related articles…

Rapid quantification of higher alcohols in wine, port wine and brandy by HS-GC-FID

In response to the growing demand for rapid, precise, and efficient methods of quantifying volatile compounds in alcoholic beverages, this study presents a novel approach for the determination of higher alcohols in wine, port wine, and brandy.

Read More

Fertilization with Seaweed (Laminaria japonica) on the characteristics of the bunch and the quality of the grape must of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’

The objective of the present work was to study the influence of the foliar application of seaweed (Laminaria japonica), on the bunch and on the must in the ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grape. The experiment was carried out in the years 2021/2022, in a 21-year-old commercial vineyard, in the municipality of “Dom Pedrito” – “Rio Grande do Sul” (RS). A completely randomized experimental design was used, with 4 treatments and 4 replications (7 plants per replication). The treatments were: T1- control treatment; T2- Exal Powder 5 g L-1; T3- Hidro Exal 15 ml L-1; T4- Exal Powder 5 g L-1+ Hidro Exal 15 ml L-1.

Read More

Impact of urbanization on optimum wine Terroirs in the Bordeaux region sample of one township of the Entre-Deux-Mers Area

L’étude présentée porte sur une commune de l’Entre-Deux-Mers dans le bordelais. Nous caractérisons dans un premier temps les potentialités des sols vis-à-vis de la production de vins rouges de qualité (délimitation de terroirs grâce à la prise en compte des couvertures pédologiques et des caractéristiques morphométriques du terrain : pentes, expositions, convexités. Dans un second temps, nous récapitulons l’évolution historique des occupations des sols depuis 1790 : l’emplacement des vignes est ainsi localisé sur les terroirs respectifs des communes. Enfin, une étude prospective résultant d’enquêtes sur l’utilisation du foncier, situe le devenir prévisible de l’espace étudié (en particulier dans ses composantes viticoles et urbaines).

Read More

The Shield4Grape project to improve the sustainability of European viticulture

Grapevine (vitis spp.) Is one of the major and most economically important fruit crops worldwide. Unlike other cropping systems, viticulture has ancient historical connections with the development of human culture and with the socio-cultural background of grape-growing areas. The vitis genus is characterised by high levels of genetic diversity, as result of natural genetic mutations, which are common in grapevines and further assisted by ongoing vegetative propagation.

Read More

Wine archeochemistry: a multiplatform analytical approach to chemically profile shipwreck wines

The Cape of Storms (also known as Cape of Good Hope) is renowned for harbouring a multitude of shipwrecks due to the inherent treacherous coastline and blistering storms.

Read More