IVAS 2022 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 IVAS 9 IVAS 2022 9 Carbon isotope ratio (Δ13C) and phenolic profile used to discriminate wines from Dealu mare and Cotnari regions (Romania)

Carbon isotope ratio (Δ13C) and phenolic profile used to discriminate wines from Dealu mare and Cotnari regions (Romania)

Abstract

Regarding the food quality, authenticity is one of the most important issues in the context of ensuring the safety and security of consumers, but is also more important when it comes to wine (one of the most counterfeited foods in the world).

A batch of 28 wines of Romanian varieties obtained in two regions well known for the production of wines from Romania (Dealu Mare and Cotnari) was analyzed from a physical-chemical point of view in order to discriminate them according to geographical origin and variety. The assessment of the carbon isotope ratio in ethanol extracted from wine provides relevant information to validate the geographical origin of wines. At the same time, the phenolic compounds in wine composition are of great importance, they contribute to the formation of characteristics such as taste, color and structure. The profile of these compounds is very different depending on grape variety, climatic conditions in each area and the applied wine-making technology. Therefore, a correlation between the carbon isotope ratio and the phenolic compounds profile can provide an overview of wines of a certain variety or region. Thus, the carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) was determined for all wines in this batch, which varied between -27.13 and -25.83 for wines from the Dealu Mare region and between -28.27 and -25.66 for wines from the Cotnari region. Also 12 phenolic compounds (gallic acid, protocathecic acid, caftaric acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, trans resveratrol, hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, procyanidin dimer B1 and procyanidin dimer B2, catechin and epicatechin) were identified and quantified.
The δ13C measurements have been performed using an elemental analyser VarioMicroCube, Elementar coupled to an isotope ratio monitoring by mass spectrometry (Isoprime, Elementar) while the phenolic compounds content was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-PDA). In order to differentiate the wine samples according to the geographical region and the variety, statistical analysis was applied and thus a good discrimination of the wines according to the region and at the same time of the varieties within the same region was achieved.

DOI:

Publication date: June 23, 2022

Issue: IVAS 2022

Type: Article

Authors

Cotea Valeriu1, Popirda Andreea1, Luchian Camelia Elena1, Colibaba Lucia Cintia1, Focea Elena Cornelia1, Nicola Sebastien2 and Noret Laurence2

1Iasi University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Horticulture, Department of Horticultural Technologies, 3rd M. Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
2Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, AgroSup Dijon, PAM UMR A 02.102, Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin – Jules Guyot, F-21000 Dijon, France

Contact the author

Keywords

wine, geographical origin, δ13C measurements, phenolic compounds analysis

Tags

IVAS 2022 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

ASSESSMENT OF GRAPE QUALITY THROUGH THE MONITORING OFPHENOLIC RIPENESS AND THE APPLICATION OF A NEW RAPID METHOD BASED ON RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY

The chemical composition of grape berries at harvest is one of the key aspects influencing wine quality and depends mainly on the ripeness level of grapes. Climate change affects this trait, unbalancing technological and phenolic ripeness, and this further raises the need for a fast determination of the grape maturity in order to quickly and efficiently determine the optimal time for harvesting. To this end, the characterization of variety-specific ripening curves and the development of new and rapid methods for determining grape ripeness are of key importance.

How can historical cultivars mitigate the effects of climate change?

IFV, INRAe and the national network “Partenaires de la Sélection Vigne” representing 37 organizations from the different wine regions, have been working increasingly closely over the last 2 decades towards the preservation of the French varietal patrimony. There are approximately 600 patrimonial varieties according to INRAe and SupAgro Montpellier experts, including ancient cultivars (400) and intravarietal crossbreeds obtained since the 19th century. In the context of a drastic reduction in such varieties from the mid 1980’s in favor of mainstream varieties, it was essential to carry out an inventory of old vines and vineyards. INRAe Vassal collection plays a key role here as it holds the largest diversity available, along with a rich bibliography and herbariums, offering us the opportunity to document and double check the identity of a cultivar, consolidating the expertise of ampelographers. The work is carried out in several stages, from verifying the existence of a variety in a small region, through to rehabilitation. During this session, the authors present the process that leads to the official registration of a variety. After this, IFV selection center takes over to initiate the process of selection and propagation. A specific focus within regions such as the Alps, Champagne and the South-West will provide details of the full procedure. Bia, Bouysselet, Chardonnay rose, Mecle and the aptly named Tardif, are some of the cultivars that have followed this procedure. Furthermore, a recent regulation established by INAO on “varieties of interest for adaptation purposes” might boost uptake by growers. Since 2006, 36 historical cultivars have been registered. Most of these have been neglected in the past due to late maturity, lack of sugar and high titratable acidity at harvest time. Such characteristics are today considered as positive qualities, not only in mitigation of the effects of climate change, but also as an opportunity for restoring diversity…

Overcoming habit formation in the production of wine

Evidence indicates that climate change affects the environment, human health, and well-being via drought, increasing greenhouse effect, and climatic catastrophes. As the wine sector is also negatively affected by climate change, the role of climate change mitigation and adaptation policies is important in wine production. One example of an adaptation policy is the implementation of grapevine genetics (duchene, 2016), while organic farming may be used as an approach to mitigate the consequences of climate change (vinci et al., 2022). To this end, the european commission’s objective is to reach the european green deal target of at least 25% of the european union’s agricultural land under organic farming by 2030.

Assessment of environmental sustainability of wine growing activity in France

To meet the demand of assessment tool of vine growers and their advisers we adapted to the vine production the INDIGO® method to developed initially for arable farming.

HOW OXYGEN CONSUMPTION INFLUENCES RED WINES VOLTAMMETRIC PROFILE

Phenolic compounds play a central role in sensory characteristics of wine, such as colour, mouthfeel, flavour and determine its shelf life. Furthermore, the major non-enzymatic wine oxidation process is due to the catalytic oxidation of phenols in quinones. Due their importance, during the years have been developed different analytical methods to monitor the concentration of phenols in wine, such as Folin-Ciocalteu method, spectrophotometric techniques and HPLC. These methods can also be used to follow some oxidation-related chemical transformations.