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IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 IVAS 9 IVAS 2022 9 The impact of cell wall composition of the extraction of anthocyanins and tannins from grape berries

The impact of cell wall composition of the extraction of anthocyanins and tannins from grape berries

Abstract

Extraction of anthocyanins and tannins have been studied for two grape varieties, Carignan and Grenache, two maturation levels and two vintages, in model solutions and in wines, using UHPLC-MS/MS in the MRM mode  and HPSEC. The cell wall polysaccharides were characterized using the neutral sugar composition after depolymerization and the comprehensive microarray polymer profiling (CoMPP).
Carignan was richer than Grenache in anthocyanins for both years. Berry anthocyanins were mainly non acylated and para coumaroylated.  In Carignan, p.coumaroylated were found in higher quantities than non acylated. Maturation led to an increase of quantities of non acylated anthocyanins for Carignan and Grenache, and a slight decrease of p.coumaroylated for Carignan. No significant difference of their tannin composition was observed.
The extraction yields of non acylated anthocyanins in model solutions and in wines were higher than those of tannins. Percents of recoveries of p.coumaroylated anthocyanins were lower than non acylated anthocyanins and tannins, and lower in model solutions than in wine. Recoveries were higher in 2019 than in 2018.
Correlations were observed between non acylated, p.coumaroylated and tannins concentrations in model solutions and wines, not in berries. P.coumaroylated anthocyanins recoveries were lower in model solutions than in wines. The cell wall structure was related to the mechanism of extraction. Extraction of anthocyanins and tannins was correlated to high levels of homogalacturonans partially esterified in the skins (e.g. LM19-CDTA-skin) but low levels in the pulps, and by low levels of extensins in the skin(e.g. JIM11-NaOH-pulp) but high levels in the pulps. Arabinose % was correlated positively, mannose % and glucose % negatively to the recovery of all anthocyanins and tannins in model solution, to p.coumaroylated anthocyanins only in wines. These results trigger questions.
Firstly, the lower recovery of p.coumaroylated anthocyanins may be due to the hydrophobicity of the coumaroyl unit, modifying their interactions with other polyphenols and/or with the cell walls.
Secondly, p.coumaroylated anthocyanin recoveries were very different in model solutions and in wines. Pulp, seeds and/or yeasts present in wines should play a role in their extractibility.
Thirdly, anthocyanins/tannins extracted in model solutions/wines were correlated to several parameters describing the cell walls, among them their compositions measured by the neutral sugars and their structures measured by the CoMPPs. To conclude, this study confirms with more details the major role that play cell walls in the extraction of anthocyanins and tannins.

DOI:

Publication date: June 23, 2022

Issue: IVAS 2022

Type: Article

Authors

Boulet Jean-Claude1, Abi-Habib, Carrillo Stéphanie, Roi Stéphanie, Verbaere Arnaud, Meudec Emmanuelle, Rattier Anaïs, Ducasse Marie-Agnès, Jorgensen Bodil, Hansen Jeanett, Le Gall Sophie, Poncet-Legrand Céline, Cheynier Véronique, Doce Thierry and Verneht Aude

1SPO, INRAE, Univ.Montpellier, Institut Agro Montpellier Supagro, 34070 Montpellier, Campus Supagro, Bâtiment 28, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France
2INRAE, PROBE infrastructure, PFP facility, 34070 Montpellier, Campus Supagro, Bâtiment 28, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France

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Keywords

extraction, polyphenols, polysaccharides, comprehensive microarrray polymer profiling, wine

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IVAS 2022 | IVES Conference Series

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IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 IVAS 9 IVAS 2022 9 The impact of cell wall composition of the extraction of anthocyanins and tannins from grape berries

The impact of cell wall composition of the extraction of anthocyanins and tannins from grape berries

Abstract

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DOI:

Publication date: June 23, 2022

Issue: IVAS 2022

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Physiological and growth reaction of Shiraz/101-14 Mgt to row orientation and soil water status

Advanced knowledge on grapevine row orientation is required to improve establishment, management and outcomes of vineyards on terroirs with different environmental conditions (climate, soil, topography) and in view of a future change to more extreme climatic conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the combined effect of row orientation, plant water status and ripeness level on the physiological and viticultural reaction of Shiraz/101-14 Mgt.

Effects of mechanical leafing and deficit irrigation on Cabernet Sauvignon grown in warm climate of California

San Joaquin Valley accounts for 40% of wine grape acreage and produces 70% of wine grape in California. Fruit quality is one of most important factors which impact the economical sustainability of farming wine grapes in this region. Due to the recent drought and expected labor cost increase, the wine industry is thrilled to understand how to improve fruit quality while maintaining the yield with less water and labor input. The present study aims to study the interactive effects of mechanical leafing and deficit irrigation on yield and berry compositions of Cabernet Sauvignon grown in warm climate of California.

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The marketability of the table grapes is highly influenced by the consumer demand; therefore the market value of the table grapes is mainly characterized by its berry size, colour, taste and texture. Girdling could cause accumulation of several components in plants above the ringing of the phloem including clusters and resulting improved maturity. The aim of the experiments was to examine the effect of girdling on berry texture characteristics and aroma concentration.

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