terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 The tolerance of grapevine rootstocks to water deficit is related to root morphology and xylem anatomy traits 

The tolerance of grapevine rootstocks to water deficit is related to root morphology and xylem anatomy traits 

Abstract

Climate change is altering water balances, thereby compromising water availability for crops. In grapevine, the strategic selection of genotypes more tolerant to soil water deficit can improve the resilience of the vineyard under this scenario. Previous studies demonstrated that root anatomical and morphological traits determine vine performance under water deficit conditions. Therefore, 13 ungrafted rootstock genotypes, 6 commercial (420 A, 41 B, Evex 13-5, Fercal, 140 Ru y 110 R), and 7 from new breeding programs (RG2, RG3, RG4, RG7, RG8, RG9 and RM2) were evaluated in pots during 2021 and 2022. Well-watered plants were subjected to progressive water deficit and subsequent recovery.  Plant water status and hydraulic conductance was determined under different conditions of water availability and, at the end of the experiment, the anatomy of the vascular system and root morphology were characterized by using optical microscopy and WinRHIZO software respectively. The results showed a great anatomical diversity of xylem among the genotypes studied. The greater proportion of fine roots and the smaller diameter of the xylem vessels seem to be key traits in the tolerance to severe stress and the recovery capacity. The genotypes 420 A and RM2 (common parent V. Berlandieri), showed greater tolerance to severe stress and recovery capacity. On the other hand, the new RG series did not show clear advantages of adaptation to stress compared to commercial rootstocks. These findings improve the understanding of the role of root anatomy and morphology in vine responses to water deficit providing a basis for future breeding programs.

DOI:

Publication date: October 5, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Flor L.1*, Buesa I.1,2, Sabater A.1, Gómez I.1, Medrano H.1,2, Escalona JM 1,2

1Agro-environmental and Water Economy Research Institute-University of Balearic Islands (INAGEA-UIB)
2Research group of plant biology under Mediterranean Conditions – University of Balearic Islands (PlantMed-UIB)

Contact the author*

Keywords

hydraulic conductance, plant water status, drought, climate change, xylem vessels, root diameter

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Aromatic characterization of Moscato Giallo by GC-MS/MS and stable isotopic ratio analysis of the major volatile compounds

Among the Moscato grapes, Moscato Giallo is a winegrape variety characterized by a high content of free and glycosylated monoterpenoids, which gives very aromatic wines. The aromatic bouquet of Moscato Giallo is strongly influenced by the high concentration of linalool, geraniol, linalool oxides, limonene, α-terpineol, citronellol, HO-trienol, HO-diols, 8-Hydroxylinalool, geranic acid and β-myrcene, that give citrus, rose, and peach notes.

Polysaccharide families of lyophilized extracts obtained from unfermented varietal grape pomaces

The recovery of bioactive compounds from grape and wine by-products is currently an important objective for revaluation and sustainability. Grape pomace is one of the main by-products and is a rich source of some bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the polysaccharide (PS) composition of extracts obtained from pomaces of different white and red grape varieties of Castilla y León. Grape pomaces were obtained after the pressing in the winemaking process.

Influence of different Lachancea thermotolerans strains in wine acidity

Wine acidity is a parameter of great importance that influences different quality factors of the product such as biological stability or organoleptic characteristics. In the current context of climate change, which gives rise to wines with higher levels of ethanol and lower acidity, the biological acidification with yeast species such as Lachancea thermotolerans could be a solution.
In this work, the effect of the inoculation of different L. thermotolerans on the acidity of wine was studied.

Wine racking in the winery and the use of inerting gases

The O2 uptake in the different winemaking processes is generally considered to be negative for the sensory characteristics of white and rosé wines. Wine racking is a critical point of O2 uptake, as the large surface area of the wine exposed during this operation and the inability to maintain an effective inert gas blanket over it.
The objective was to study O2 uptake during the racking of a model wine without using inert gases and to compare it with the purging of the destination tank with different inert gases.

Effect of different plant fibers on the elimination of undesirable compounds in red wine. Correlation with its polysaccharide composition

The presence of undesirable compounds in wines, such as OTA, biogenic amines and pesticides residues, affects wine quality and can cause health problems for the consumer. The main tool that a winemaker has to reduce their content in the wine is fining. However, some of the fining agents commonly used in the winery can cause allergies or even increase the protein content in the wine, increasing the turbidity. To avoid these problems, the use of plant fibers may be an alternative, such as those from grape pomace[1] or other plant origins.