terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Detoxification capacities of heavy metals and pesticides by yeasts 

Detoxification capacities of heavy metals and pesticides by yeasts 

Abstract

Winegrowing is still characterized by the extensive use of chemical fertilizers and plant protection products, despite strong recommendations to limit these practices. A part of these xenobiotics and metals are then found in grape juice and wine, causing a major health concern, as well as negatively affecting the fermentation process. In recent years, there has been renewed interest in non-Saccharomyces yeasts. These species have a wide phenotypic diversity, which would be exploited to broaden the aromatic palette of wines. The potential of some of these species as a bio-protection agent, in pre-fermentation treatment, has also been established.

In addition to these characteristics, the heavy metal sorption capacities of these species are mentioned in the literature. Pre-fermentation treatment of the harvest with non-Saccharomyces (NS) yeasts therefore appears to be an alternative to the use of chemical inputs for the elimination of organic and inorganic xenobiotics from grape musts. However, our knowledge of the detoxification capacities of yeasts and their molecular and biochemical determinant is not yet sufficiently advanced to allow such methods to be developed and put into practice.  In this study, we investigated the detoxifying abilities of fourteen strains of Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts during the first stages of wine fermentation. Fermentations were conducted in synthetic must in the presence or absence of pesticides (mix of twenty pesticides commonly used in the vineyard) / metals (copper). The colorimetric determination of copper concentration throughout fermentation revealed that most Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts detoxify almost all copper in less than 48 hours. Regarding pesticides detoxification, quantified by GC-MS (Dubernet laboratory), a higher variability was observed, with a removal of 0% to 90% of the compound depending on the yeast strain and the pesticide. In conclusion, this study showed the great diversity of the capacity of yeasts to detoxify molecules used in vineyards to fight against diseases and/or parasites and the biotechnological potential that this represents.

DOI:

Publication date: October 3, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Tristan Jacqui1,2, Celine Raynal2, Amandine Deroite2, Vincent Bouazza3 , Carole Camarasa1

1SPO, INRAe, Institut Agro Montpellier, Montpellier, France
2LALLEMAND SAS, Blagnac, France
3Laboratoire Dubernet, Narbonne, France

Contact the author*

Keywords

non-Saccharomyces yeasts, wine quality, heavy metals, pesticides, detoxification

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Understanding the impact of rising temperatures due to climate change on aromatic compositions in Malbec wines from Mendoza, Argentina

Mendoza is one of Argentina’s most important and outstanding wine regions producing the renowned Malbec wines due to its optimal soil and weather conditions. However, the effects of 21st-century climate change would negatively impact Malbec wines quality. This study investigated the effect of temperature increase and the impact of plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) used to mitigate the negative effect of temperature increase on Malbec wines aromatic composition through GC-MS. Four treatments were applied on vines at field condition: Control, Control + 3 ºC, ABA and ABA + 3 ºC.

Read More

Biotype diversity within the autochthonous ‘Bobal’ grapevine variety

Bobal is the second most widely grown Spanish red grape variety (54,165 has), mainly cultivated in the Valencian Community and especially, in Utiel-Requena region (about 67% of 34,000 has). In this study, agronomic and enological parameters were determined in 98 biotypes selected during 2018 and 2019 in more than 50 vineyards over 50 years-old in the Utiel-Requena region. Moreover, a multi-criteria approach considering temperature and rainfall (Fig. 1A), among other parameters, was made to establish three different zones within the region (Fig. 1B), where in the future the selected biotypes will evaluated. In fact, in 2020, 4 replicates and 12 vines per biotype were planted in an experimental vineyard to preserve this important intra-cultivar diversity.

Read More

Assessment of plant water consumption rates under climate change conditions through an automated modular platform

The impact of climate change is noticeable in the present weather, making water scarcity the most immediate mediator reducing the performance and viability of crops, including grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). The present study developed a system (hardware, firmware, and software) for the determination of plant water use through changes in weight through a period. The aim is to measure the differences in grapevine water consumption in response to climate change (+4oC and 700 ppm) under controlled conditions. The results reveal a correlation between daily plant consumption rates and reference evapotranspiration (ETo).

Read More

The influence of pre-heatwave leaf removal on leaf physiology and berry development

Due to climate change, the occurrence of heatwaves and drought events is increasing, with significant impact on viticulture. Common ways to adapt viticulture to a changing climate include site selection, genotype selection, irrigation management and canopy management. The latter mentioned being for instance source-sink manipulations, such as leaf removal, with the aim to delay ripening.

Read More

Drought responses of grapevine cultivars under different environments

Using grapevine genetic diversity is one of the strategies to adapt viticulture to climate change. In this sense, assessing the plasticity of cultivars in their responses to environmental conditions is essential. For this purpose, the drought tolerance of Grenache, Tempranillo and Semillon cultivars grafted onto SO4 was evaluated at two experimental vineyards, one located in Valencia (Spain) and the other in Bordeaux (France). This was done by assessing gas exchange parameters, water relations and leaf hydraulic traits at the end of the season.

Read More