terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 What to do to solve the riddle of vine rootstock induced drought tolerance

What to do to solve the riddle of vine rootstock induced drought tolerance

Abstract

Climate change will increase the frequency of water deficit situation in some European regions, by the increase of the evapotranspiration and the reduction of rainfalls during the growing cycle. This requires finding ways of adaptation, including the use of plant material which is more tolerant to drought. In addition to the varieties used as scions that result in the typicality of wines, rootstocks constitute a relevant way of adaptation to more stressful environmental conditions.

The rootstock genotype impacts grapevine functioning at three levels: the absorption of water, the water transport and the water consumption. The variability of root anatomy, root depth and water extraction capacity may explain water deficit responses differences observed or measured between rootstocks in pot or in field experiments. Whole root hydraulic conductance differed between sensitive and tolerant rootstocks. Vine water use are related to the leaf area and the vigor conferred, but also to regulatory processes, partially independent during the day and the night. Gas exchanges regulation along the day and night but also with the variation of the water status, i.e. the transpiration plasticity to water status, is in fact partially controlled by rootstocks.

Despite the empirical knowledge and the increasing interest dedicated research on grapevine rootstocks, the mechanisms involved in all these responses to water deficit remain poorly understood. Data from the literature and recorded in Bordeaux will be synthesized. Some challenges have to be met to get further crucial information about the traits conferring a higher adaptation to water deficit in order to speed up the selection of new rootstocks tolerant to drought. These challenges, i.e. the variability of the responses due to water status scenario (the intensity and the occurrence in the cycle of the water deficit), the choice of the traits measured and their plasticity, as well as rootstock scion interactions, will be discussed.

DOI:

Publication date: October 4, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Elisa Marguerit1, Louis Blois1, Marine Morel1, Davide Biancchi1, Jean-Pascal Tandonnet1, Marina de Miguel1, Gregory Gambetta1, Nathalie Ollat1

1 EGFV, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV
2 Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy

Contact the author*

Keywords

Vitis, root, δ13C, transpiration, plasticity, genetic architecture

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Phenolic composition and chromatic characteristics of blends of cv. Tempranillo wines from vines grown with different viticultural techniques in a semi-arid area

The quality and color stability of red wines are directly related to content and distribution of phenolic compounds. However, the climate change produces the asynchrony between the dates of technological and maturity of grapes. The crop-forcing technique (CF) restores the coupling between phenolic and technological ripeness while limits vineyard yields. Blending of wines is frequently used to equilibriate composition of wines and to increase their stability, color and quality. The aim of the present work is to study the phenolic composition and color of wine blends made with FW (wines from vines subjected to CF) and CW (wines for vines under the usual cultivation practices).

Read More

Identification of a stable epi-allele associated with flower development and low bunch compactness in a somatic variant of Tempranillo Tinto

Grapevine cultivars are vegetatively propagated to preserve their varietal characteristics. However, spontaneous somatic variations that occur and are maintained during cycles of vegetative growth offer opportunities for the natural improvement of traditional grape cultivars. One advantageous trait for winegrowing is reduced bunch compactness, which decreases the susceptibility to pests and fungal diseases and favor an even berry ripening.

Read More

Symbiotic microorganisms application in vineyards: impacts on grapevine performance and microbiome

Microorganism-based inoculants have been suggested as a viable solution to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on viticulture. However, the actual effectiveness of these inoculants when applied under field conditions remains a challenge, and their effects on the existing soil microbiota are still uncertain. This study investigates the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on grapevine performance and microbiome. The study was conducted in a vineyard of Callet cultivar in Binissalem, Mallorca, Spain. Two different treatments were applied: control and inoculation with commercial mycorrhizae complex of Rhizoglomus irregulare applied to plants through irrigation.

Read More

Effects of long-term drought stress on soil microbial communities from a Syrah cultivar vineyard

Changes in the rainfall and temperature patterns affect the increase of drought periods becoming one of the major constraints to assure agricultural and crop resilience in the Mediterranean regions. Beside the adaptation of agricultural practices, also the microbial compartment associated to plants should be considered in the crop management. It is known that the microbial community change according to several factors such as soil composition, agricultural management system, plant variety and rootstock.

Read More

Investigating the Ancient Egyptian wines: The wine jars database

In Ancient Egypt, wine was a luxury product consumed mainly by the upper classes and the royal family and offered to gods in daily religious rituals in the temples.
Since the Predynastic (4000-3100 BC) period, wine jars were placed in tombs as funerary offerings. From the Old Kingdom (2680-2160 BC) to the Greco-Roman (332 BC-395 AD) period, viticulture and winemaking scenes were depicted on the private tombs’ walls. During the New Kingdom (1539-1075 BC), wine jars were inscribed to indicate: vintage year, product, quality, provenance, property and winemaker’s name and title.

Read More