terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 What to do to solve the riddle of vine rootstock induced drought tolerance

What to do to solve the riddle of vine rootstock induced drought tolerance

Abstract

Climate change will increase the frequency of water deficit situation in some European regions, by the increase of the evapotranspiration and the reduction of rainfalls during the growing cycle. This requires finding ways of adaptation, including the use of plant material which is more tolerant to drought. In addition to the varieties used as scions that result in the typicality of wines, rootstocks constitute a relevant way of adaptation to more stressful environmental conditions.

The rootstock genotype impacts grapevine functioning at three levels: the absorption of water, the water transport and the water consumption. The variability of root anatomy, root depth and water extraction capacity may explain water deficit responses differences observed or measured between rootstocks in pot or in field experiments. Whole root hydraulic conductance differed between sensitive and tolerant rootstocks. Vine water use are related to the leaf area and the vigor conferred, but also to regulatory processes, partially independent during the day and the night. Gas exchanges regulation along the day and night but also with the variation of the water status, i.e. the transpiration plasticity to water status, is in fact partially controlled by rootstocks.

Despite the empirical knowledge and the increasing interest dedicated research on grapevine rootstocks, the mechanisms involved in all these responses to water deficit remain poorly understood. Data from the literature and recorded in Bordeaux will be synthesized. Some challenges have to be met to get further crucial information about the traits conferring a higher adaptation to water deficit in order to speed up the selection of new rootstocks tolerant to drought. These challenges, i.e. the variability of the responses due to water status scenario (the intensity and the occurrence in the cycle of the water deficit), the choice of the traits measured and their plasticity, as well as rootstock scion interactions, will be discussed.

DOI:

Publication date: October 4, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Elisa Marguerit1, Louis Blois1, Marine Morel1, Davide Biancchi1, Jean-Pascal Tandonnet1, Marina de Miguel1, Gregory Gambetta1, Nathalie Ollat1

1 EGFV, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV
2 Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy

Contact the author*

Keywords

Vitis, root, δ13C, transpiration, plasticity, genetic architecture

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Effect of two water deficit regimes on the agronomic response of 12 grapevine varieties cultivated in a semi-arid climate

The Mediterranean basin is one of the most vulnerable regions to Climate Change effects. According to unanimous forecasts, the vineyards of Castilla-La Mancha will be among the most adversely affected by rising temperatures and water scarcity during the vine’s vegetative period. One potential strategy to mitigate the negative impacts of these changes involves the identification of grapevine varieties with superior water use efficiency, while ensuring satisfactory yields and grape quality.

Read More

Grapevine adaptation to drought and resistance to Neofusicoccum parvum, causal agent of Botryosphaeria dieback

The sustainability of viticulture in response to climate change has been addressed mainly considering agronomic impacts, such as water management and diseases, either separately or together.
In grapevines, there is strong evidence that different genotypes respond differently to biotic and abiotic stresses. A screening was conducted on various local cultivars in response to drought and Neofusicoum parvum infection aiming to evaluate their susceptibility to abiotic stress and resistance to fungal diseases.

Read More

Effect of foliar application of urea and nano-urea on the cell wall of Monastrell grape skins

The foliar application of urea has been shown to be able to satisfy the specific nutritional needs of the vine as well as to increase the nitrogen composition of the must. On the other hand, the use of nanotechnology could be of great interest in viticulture as it would help to slow down the release of urea and protect it against possible degradation. Several studies indicate that cell wall synthesis and remodeling are affected by nitrogen availability.

Read More

Genetic variation among wild grapes native to Japan

Domesticated grapes are assumed to have originated in the Middle East. However, a considerable number of species are native in East Asian countries such as China, Korea and Japan as well. Evidence suggests that a total of seven species and eight varieties have been found to be native to Japan. A wide level variation in morphology, genetic and fruit composition exist in wild grape native to Japan.

Read More

Mycorrhizal symbiosis modulates flavonoid and amino acid profiles in grapes of Tempranillo and Cabernet Sauvignon 

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis is probably the most widespread beneficial interaction between plants and microorganisms. AMF has been widely reported to promote grapevine growth, water and nutrient uptake as well as both biotic and abiotic stress tolerance[1]. However, the impact of AMF on grape composition has been less studied. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of the association between two commercial grapevine cultivars (Tempranillo and Cabernet Sauvignon grafted onto 110 rootstock) and AMF on the anthocyanin, flavonol and amino acid concentrations and profiles of grapes.

Read More