terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 The tolerance of grapevine rootstocks to water deficit is related to root morphology and xylem anatomy traits 

The tolerance of grapevine rootstocks to water deficit is related to root morphology and xylem anatomy traits 

Abstract

Climate change is altering water balances, thereby compromising water availability for crops. In grapevine, the strategic selection of genotypes more tolerant to soil water deficit can improve the resilience of the vineyard under this scenario. Previous studies demonstrated that root anatomical and morphological traits determine vine performance under water deficit conditions. Therefore, 13 ungrafted rootstock genotypes, 6 commercial (420 A, 41 B, Evex 13-5, Fercal, 140 Ru y 110 R), and 7 from new breeding programs (RG2, RG3, RG4, RG7, RG8, RG9 and RM2) were evaluated in pots during 2021 and 2022. Well-watered plants were subjected to progressive water deficit and subsequent recovery.  Plant water status and hydraulic conductance was determined under different conditions of water availability and, at the end of the experiment, the anatomy of the vascular system and root morphology were characterized by using optical microscopy and WinRHIZO software respectively. The results showed a great anatomical diversity of xylem among the genotypes studied. The greater proportion of fine roots and the smaller diameter of the xylem vessels seem to be key traits in the tolerance to severe stress and the recovery capacity. The genotypes 420 A and RM2 (common parent V. Berlandieri), showed greater tolerance to severe stress and recovery capacity. On the other hand, the new RG series did not show clear advantages of adaptation to stress compared to commercial rootstocks. These findings improve the understanding of the role of root anatomy and morphology in vine responses to water deficit providing a basis for future breeding programs.

DOI:

Publication date: October 5, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Flor L.1*, Buesa I.1,2, Sabater A.1, Gómez I.1, Medrano H.1,2, Escalona JM 1,2

1Agro-environmental and Water Economy Research Institute-University of Balearic Islands (INAGEA-UIB)
2Research group of plant biology under Mediterranean Conditions – University of Balearic Islands (PlantMed-UIB)

Contact the author*

Keywords

hydraulic conductance, plant water status, drought, climate change, xylem vessels, root diameter

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

The exploitation of Croatian grapevine genetic resources for the breeding of new resistant cultivars 

Croatian viticulture is mainly based on native grapevine varieties susceptible to various diseases and pests, which leads to unsustainable use of large amounts of pesticides. The sustainable development of viticulture in the future will only be possible by increasing the resistance of the grapevine through the development of new resistant varieties. Breeding programs have been launched in the leading wine-growing countries to develop resistant varieties possessing high-quality levels. Native cultivars from Croatia are not included in the breeding programs of other countries.

Application of antagonistic Metschnikowia strains against Botrytis cinerea in vineyards 

Less and less chemical plant protection products are approved by the E U. Plant pathogenic fungi become increasingly resistant to the active ingredients that have been around for a long time. Besides, there is a valid demand for effective products that can be applied in organic cultivation.
We examined Metschnikowia strains under laboratory conditions in order to find effective strains against B. cinerea. The antimicrobial mechanism of these yeasts is based on the competition for the ferric ions from the environment. Metschnikowia cells release the pulcherriminic acid which chelates with Fe3+, forming the pigment pulcherrimin.

Tackling the 3D root system architecture of grapevines: a new phenotyping pipeline based on photogrammetry

Plant roots fulfil important functions as they are responsible for the acquisition of water and nutrients, for anchorage and stability, for interaction with symbionts and, in some cases, for the storage of carbohydrates. These functions are associated with the Root System Architecture (RSA, i.e. the form and the spatial arrangement of the roots in the soil). The RSA results from several biological processes (elongation, ramification, mortality…) genetically determined but with high structural plasticity.

Barrels ad-hoc: Spanish oak wood classification by NIRs 

The wooden barrel is a key factor in enology, since wine chemical composition and sensory properties changes significantly in contact with the barrel[1]. Today’s highly competitive market constantly demands new differentiated products and wineries search innovations continuously.
Wood selection is crucial: barrels stability to keep constant their contribution and the result on products, and additional and differentiated wood contributions to impact their new products. Oak wood selection has traditionally been carried out using parameters such as specie, location and grain, however, it goes one step further nowadays. Large cooperage work with non-destructive techniques that allow classifying oak wood quickly and easily according to their organoleptic contribution[2].

Correlative study between degradation of rosé wine under accelerated conditions and under normal conditions

Several studies have tried to develop different methods to study the photodegradation of wine in an accelerated way, trying to elucidate the effect of light on the wine compounds[1]. In a previous study, our team developed a chamber that speeds up the photodegradation of rosé wine[2]. In the present work we have tried to establish a correlation between irradiation times in accelerated conditions and the natural exposure to the cycles of light that usually exist in markets or at home.