terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Under-vine management effects on grapevine vegetative growth, gas exchange and rhizosphere microbial diversity

Under-vine management effects on grapevine vegetative growth, gas exchange and rhizosphere microbial diversity

Abstract

The use of cover crops under the vines might be an alternative to the use of herbicides or tillage, improving grapevine quality and soil characteristics. The aim of this research was to study the implications of different management strategies of the soil under the vines (herbicide, cultivation or cover crops) on grapevine growth, water and nutritional status, gas exchange parameters and belowground microbial communities.

The experimental design consisted in 4 treatments applied on 35L-potted Tempranillo vegetative grapevines with 10 replicates each grown in an open-top greenhouse in 2022 and 2023. Treatments included two cover crop species (Trifolium fragiferum and Bromus repens), herbicide (glyphosate al 36%) and an untreated control. Vines were irrigated weekly to fulfil water requirements without fertilization. Gas exchange parameters were measured with portable gas exchange photosynthesis system (Li-Cor 6400, Lincoln, NE, USA) and water status was monitored by measuring the stem water potential with a Scholander pressure chamber (Precis 2000, Gradignan, France). Sown cover crops were mowed during the growing season, and at the end of summer, control and cover crop treatments were sowed. According to our results, T. fragiferum was the cover crop under the vine that reached the highest biomass. Despite the increased vegetative development of T. fragiferum, preliminary results did not show differences on grapevine performance and growth compared to other treatments. Conversely, the use of cover crops under the vine affected soil microbial communities. In general, the cover crops increased heterotrophic microbial diversity estimated with Biolog EcoplatesTM and mycorrhizal colonization of grapevine roots in comparison with the use of herbicide, T. fragiferum being the one that had the greatest effect on the biological quality of the soil. The scarce effect of the cover crops under the vines on the grapevine performance might indicate a relative weak competition between the grapevine and the studied cover crops. Therefore, the use of these under-vine covers could be an alternative to the use of herbicides to control the adventitious vegetation growth. Also, the improvement of soil biological quality of the soil would affect positively grapevines performance.

Acknowledgements: This work was funded by Navarra Government (project PC044-045_CUALVID). N. Torres is beneficiary of a Ramón y Cajal Grant RYC2021-034586-I funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR”.

DOI:

Publication date: October 9, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Maider Velaz1, Gonzaga Santesteban1,2, Fermín Morales3, Iker Aranjuelo3, Nazareth Torres1,2

1 Dept. of Agronomy, Biotechnology and Food Science, Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona-Iruña, Navarra, Spain
2 Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB-UPNA), Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadia 31006 Pamplona-Iruña, Spain
3 Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Navarra, Spain

Contact the author*

Keywords

bacterial diversity, functional diversity, soil health, Tempranillo, Trifolium fragiferum, water content

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Discovering the process of noble rot: fungal ecology of grape berries during the noble rot transformation in different vineyards of the Tokaj wine region

Botrytis cinerea, a well-known grapevine pathogen, has more than 1200 host plants causing grey rot in grapevine berries. However, it can also result in a desirable phenomenon called noble rot under specific microclimate conditions. An extraordinary demonstration of this natural process can be observed in the creation of aszú wines within Hungary’s Tokaj wine region. Beside B. cinerea other fungi and yeasts are involved in the secondary metabolic development of the grape berry which contributes to the sensory and analytical characterization of noble rot wines.

Read More

Possible methods of adaptation to the effects of climate change in the Tokaj Wine Region 

Viticulture’s adaptation to the harmful effects of climate change is globally the biggest challenge of the near future. Short, extremely intensive rainfalls and longer periods of drought are getting more frequent in the Tokaj Wine Region, where the majority of the vineyards are cultivated on steep slopes. Hence, erosion has high risk, especially when combined with the loess-based soils on about ten percent of the region. The environmentally beneficial cover crop and mulch usage can effectively reduce the risk of erosion, according to research done by the Tokaj Wine Region Research Institute of Viticulture and Oenology.

Read More

The tolerance of grapevine rootstocks to water deficit is related to root morphology and xylem anatomy traits 

Climate change is altering water balances, thereby compromising water availability for crops. In grapevine, the strategic selection of genotypes more tolerant to soil water deficit can improve the resilience of the vineyard under this scenario. Previous studies demonstrated that root anatomical and morphological traits determine vine performance under water deficit conditions. Therefore, 13 ungrafted rootstock genotypes, 6 commercial (420 A, 41 B, Evex 13-5, Fercal, 140 Ru y 110 R), and 7 from new breeding programs (RG2, RG3, RG4, RG7, RG8, RG9 and RM2) were evaluated in pots during 2021 and 2022.

Read More

Sensory profile of wines obtained from disease-resistant varieties in La Rioja

The European wine industry is facing multiple challenges derived from climate change and the pressure of different fungal diseases that are compromising the production of traditional varieties. A sustainable alternative maybe the adoption of resistant varieties.
In this study, we have evaluated the enological potential of 9 resistant varieties (5 white and 4 red varieties) in La Rioja. Microvinifications were carried out with three biological replications. Oenological parameters were very diverse with acid content varying from 2.6 g/L to 6.6 g/L.

Read More

Agronomic and oenological behavior of the minority Mandón variety on two rootstocks in the D.O. Arribes

A large population of vines of the Mandón minority red variety (synonymous with Garró) has been located in old vineyards of the D.O. Arribes (Zamora and Salamanca) to conserve and recover this minority variety. The wines made with this variety are characterized by their good structure and color, interesting harmony, an excellently low pH, with high acidity, as well as complex aromas of blue fruits and a marked and expressive minerality.

Read More