terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Atypical aging and hydric stress: insights on an exceptionally dry year

Atypical aging and hydric stress: insights on an exceptionally dry year

Abstract

Atypical aging (ATA) is a white wine fault characterized by the appearance of notes of wet rag, acacia blossoms and naphthalene, along with the vanishing of varietal aromas. 2-aminoacetophenone (AAP) – a degradation compound of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) – is regarded as the main sensorial and chemical marker responsible for this defect. About the origin of ATA, a stress reaction occurring in the vineyard has been looked as the leading cause of this defect. Agronomic, climatic and pedological factors are the main triggers and among them, drought stress seems to play a crucial role.[1] Available water capacity (AWC) is defined as the amount of water a soil can store that is available for use by plants. AWC might be employed to gauge a predisposition to hydric stress which could ultimately lead to the onset of ATA. Considering previous research which has demonstrated that ATA development is likely to occur in fields having 30-40 mm AWC[2], this relationship was further investigated in the present study in an exceptionally dry growing season such as 2022.

11 vineyards located in Trento (Italy) were grouped according to their AWC (low, medium, high) and closely monitored over the course of the harvest season.  Given the climate conditions of the year, all of the fields under examination were subjected to drought conditions. While grapevines belonging to the ‘low’ class experienced severe stress conditions (midday leaf water potential, Ψleaf>15 bar), the ‘medium’ and ‘high’ classes were only moderately stressed (15>Ψleaf>12). Accordingly, all wines obtained were affected by ATA, displaying concentrations of AAP above the odor threshold (0.5 μg/L). Nonetheless, the AAP content of the ‘low’ class was significantly higher than the other classes. It was concluded that in exceptionally dry seasons, grapevines planted on fields characterized by a low AWC are more subjected to produce faulty wines characterized by ATA.

Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank Cavit sc. for the technical and financial support.

References:
1)  Schneider V. (2014) Atypical aging defect: Sensory discrimination, viticultural causes, and enological consequences. Rev. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 65:277–284, DOI 10.5344/ajev.2014.14014
2) Rauhut D. et al. (2003) Effect on diverse oenological methods to avoid occurrence of atypical aging and related off-flavours in wine. InŒnologie 2003. 7e Symposium International d’Œnology. A. Lonvaud-Funel et al., 376-379

DOI:

Publication date: October 11, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Simone Delaiti1,2*, Stefano Pedo’2, Tomas Roman2, Tiziana Nardin2, Roberto Larcher2

1C3A, Center Agriculture Food Environment, Via Edmund Mach, 1, San Michele all’Adige, TN, 38010 Italy
2Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Italy

Contact the author*

Keywords

atypical aging, aminocetophenone, drought stress, AWC

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Effects of progeny in the modulation of the response to water stress in isohydric and anisohydric varieties

Each grapevine variety has a specific water use regulation response under drought, and it is still unclear whether this regulation results from innate genotypic behavior (iso- and anisohydric), or is a response to environmental factors, namely recurrent water stress priming effects. In the present work, we explored the influence of the field-grown genotypes’ drought memory in the drought-response phenotype of their vegetative progenies, in Trincadeira (isohydric) and Castelão (anisohydric) varieties under a drought event followed by recovery in a glasshouse. Cuttings from both cultivars subjected to full irrigation (FI) and non-irrigation (NI) treatments for 5 consecutive years were used.

Read More

Polysaccharide families of lyophilized extracts obtained from unfermented varietal grape pomaces

The recovery of bioactive compounds from grape and wine by-products is currently an important objective for revaluation and sustainability. Grape pomace is one of the main by-products and is a rich source of some bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the polysaccharide (PS) composition of extracts obtained from pomaces of different white and red grape varieties of Castilla y León. Grape pomaces were obtained after the pressing in the winemaking process.

Read More

Preliminary results of water status and metabolite content of three new crossbreed winegrape genotypes

This study presents the preliminary results obtained in 2022, of the evaluation of three new crossbreed winegrape genotypes and their parental varieties, grown under controlled irrigation (60% ETc) and rainfed conditions in a wine-growing area with scarcity of water and high temperatures (Murcia, southeast Spain). The genotypes MC16 and MC80 were obtained from crosses between the varieties ‘Monastrell’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’, and MS104 from crosses between ‘Monastrell’ and ‘Syrah’ [1]. The objective of this study was to analyse the physiological response and vegetative development of the 6 genotypes under the two irrigation conditions, and to study their effect on the content of soluble sugars and chlorophyll in the leaf.

Read More

Overall conceptual characterization of aged dry white wines using a mental descriptive questionnaire

The purpose of the present study was to understand the overall concept of an aged dry white wine using a descriptive mental questionnaire. A total of 680 worldwide participants, grouped according to their involvement in the wine business, replied to an online questionnaire to characterize the sensory analytical and synthetic descriptors of an aged dry white wine. The descriptors were selected using a Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) approach concerning wine colour, aroma, taste, mouthfeel, and global appreciation.

Read More

Unraveling the complexity of high-temperature tolerance by characterizing key players of heat stress response in grapevine

Grapevine (Vitis spp.) is greatly influenced by climatic conditions and its economic value is therefore directly linked to environmental factors. Among these factors, temperature plays a critical role in vine phenology and fruit composition. In such conditions, elucidating the mechanisms employed by the vine to cope with heat waves becomes urgent. For the past few years, our research team has been producing molecular and metabolic data to highlight the molecular players involved in the response of the vine and the fruit to high temperatures [1]. Some of these temperature-sensitive genes are currently undergoing characterization using transgenesis approaches coupled or not with genome editing, taking advantage of the Microvine genotype [2].

Read More