terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Effect of soil particle size on vine water status, leaf ABA content and berry quality in Nebbiolo grapes

Effect of soil particle size on vine water status, leaf ABA content and berry quality in Nebbiolo grapes

Abstract

The root and shoot abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation in response to water deficit and its relation with stomatal conductance is longtime known in grapevine. ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signalling response to osmotic stress coexist in sessile plants. In grapevine, the signaling role of ABA in response to water stress conditions and its influence on berry quality is critical to manage grapevine acclimation to climate change. The prevalent iso- or aniso-hydric behavior of grapevine varieties can be mitigated by the soil draining capacity: in the anisohydric Syrah grown in pots and in controlled conditions, an ABA-related stomatal closure was induced in water-retaining soils, resulting in a superimposition of the soil-related hormonal root-to-shoot signal respect to the putative genotypic-induced anisohydric response to water stress. In two consecutive years (2012 and 2013) we analyzed Nebbiolo water relations in two rain-fed vineyards (distance as the crow flies between the two was about 250 m) located on the Cannubi hill (Barolo area, Langhe Wine District, Piedmont, Italy). Vines were grafted on Vitis berlandieri x V. riparia rootstocks and soil were classified (USDA) as silty-loam (with 18 % of clay) and as loam (13 % of clay). We measured stomatal conductance, stem water potential, ABA leaf content and the main berry quality parameters. In 2013, the vineyard management (winter and green pruning, and bunch balance according to ‘Yield to Pruning Weight’ and ‘Leaf Area to Crop Weight’ ratios) allowed to avoid any discrepancies in the two vineyards vegetative-productive balance. Data showed that when drought was prolonged, Nebbiolo reduced its anisohydricity acting drought-induced stomatal closures earlier and for a longer period in the silty-loam soil, (richer in clay and more compact), respect to the loamy soil. The silty-loam soil determined a higher leaf ABA content during the season. This fact could explain the improved qualitative traits of berries harvested in the vineyard in the 18% clayey soil such as a higher content of anthocyanins (mg/berry), with a higher level of acylation (increase of color stabilization) and a higher content of free terpenes, following ABA-triggered metabolite responses.

Acknowledgements: authors warmly acknowledge Damilano cellar for hosting the trial.

DOI:

Publication date: October 11, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Alessandra Ferrandino1*, Antonio Carlomagno2, Gianpiero Romana3, Claudio Lovisolo1

1 DISAFA – University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco (TO)
2 DiCEM – University of Basilicata, Via Lanera 20, Matera (MT)
3 Agronomist, Consultant

Contact the author*

Keywords

soil texture, stomatal conductance, leaf water potential, anthocyanins, free terpenes

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Development and validation of a free solvent UHPLC/MS-MS method to analyse melatonin and its precursors in Spanish commercial wines  

Melatonin is a bioactive compound present in foods and beverages such as wines. During alcoholic fermentation, yeast transforms tryptophan into certain indole compounds, including melatonin. This paper aims to develop and validate a free solvent analytical method by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC/MS-MS) to determine melatonin and its precursors (L-tryptophan, tryptamine, serotonin, tryptophol, N-acetylserotonin, 5-hydroxytryptophan, and 3- indoleacetic) that appropriately prevent the matrix effect.

Read More

Early defoliation positively enhances bioactive composition of berries with no effect on cuticle characteristics

Leaf removal in the fruit-zone has been employed to improve cluster light exposure and ventilation and therefore increase metabolite accumulation and reduce botrytis incidence in berries. When applied before flowering (early defoliation – ED), it can also decrease cluster compactness and regulate yield in high-yielding varieties. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of ED on the physiology and metabolism of Aragonez (syn. Tempranillo) berries along the ripening period. The experiment was set up in 2013 at a commercial vineyard located in the Lisbon winegrowing region.

Read More

Differences in metabolism among species and hybrids of the genus Saccharomyces during wine fermentation unveiled by multi-omic analysis 

Yeast species S. cerevisiae, S. uvarum, S. kudriavzevii and their hybrids present clear metabolic differences, even when we compared S. cerevisiae wine versus wild strain. These species and hybrids produced significantly higher amounts of glycerol, organic acids, 2,3-butanediol, and 2-phenyl ethanol and a reduction of the ethanol yield, properties very interesting in the sector to deal with climate change effects. To understand the existing differences, we have used several omics techniques to analyze the dynamics of the (intra- and extracellular) metabolomes and/or transcriptomes of representative strains of S. cerevisiae, S. uvarum, S. kudriavzevii, and hybrids.

Read More

Response of red grape varieties irrigated during the summer to water availability at the end of winter in four Spanish wine-growing regions: berry phenolic composition

Water availability is the most limiting factor for vineyard productivity under Mediterranean conditions. Due to the effects caused by the current climate change, wine-growing regions may face serious soil moisture conservation problems, due to the lower water retention capacity of the soil and higher soil irradiation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of soil recharge irrigation in pre-sprouting and summer irrigation every week (30 % ETo) from the pea size state until the end of ripening (RP) compared to exclusively summer irrigation every week (R) in the same way that RP, on berry phenolic composition at harvest.

Read More

Optimization of the ripening time of new varieties descendants of Monastrell

Given the impact of climate change on viticulture in the Region of Murcia, this paper attempts to expose the possibility of using genetic improvement as a dilemma that allows access to new descendant varieties of the autochthonous variety Monastrell crossed with varieties such as Syrah and Cabernet. Sauvignon, thus obtaining hybrids (Gebas and Myrtia). In it, the chromatic parameters and the phenolic profile of the new varieties will be compared with those obtained by the Monastrell variety at two moments during maturation (12 and 14 º Baumé), to check if the results would allow earlier harvests in these new varieties thus avoiding the decoupling between phenolic and technological maturity, while improving the quality of grapes and wines.

Read More