terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Effect of soil particle size on vine water status, leaf ABA content and berry quality in Nebbiolo grapes

Effect of soil particle size on vine water status, leaf ABA content and berry quality in Nebbiolo grapes

Abstract

The root and shoot abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation in response to water deficit and its relation with stomatal conductance is longtime known in grapevine. ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signalling response to osmotic stress coexist in sessile plants. In grapevine, the signaling role of ABA in response to water stress conditions and its influence on berry quality is critical to manage grapevine acclimation to climate change. The prevalent iso- or aniso-hydric behavior of grapevine varieties can be mitigated by the soil draining capacity: in the anisohydric Syrah grown in pots and in controlled conditions, an ABA-related stomatal closure was induced in water-retaining soils, resulting in a superimposition of the soil-related hormonal root-to-shoot signal respect to the putative genotypic-induced anisohydric response to water stress. In two consecutive years (2012 and 2013) we analyzed Nebbiolo water relations in two rain-fed vineyards (distance as the crow flies between the two was about 250 m) located on the Cannubi hill (Barolo area, Langhe Wine District, Piedmont, Italy). Vines were grafted on Vitis berlandieri x V. riparia rootstocks and soil were classified (USDA) as silty-loam (with 18 % of clay) and as loam (13 % of clay). We measured stomatal conductance, stem water potential, ABA leaf content and the main berry quality parameters. In 2013, the vineyard management (winter and green pruning, and bunch balance according to ‘Yield to Pruning Weight’ and ‘Leaf Area to Crop Weight’ ratios) allowed to avoid any discrepancies in the two vineyards vegetative-productive balance. Data showed that when drought was prolonged, Nebbiolo reduced its anisohydricity acting drought-induced stomatal closures earlier and for a longer period in the silty-loam soil, (richer in clay and more compact), respect to the loamy soil. The silty-loam soil determined a higher leaf ABA content during the season. This fact could explain the improved qualitative traits of berries harvested in the vineyard in the 18% clayey soil such as a higher content of anthocyanins (mg/berry), with a higher level of acylation (increase of color stabilization) and a higher content of free terpenes, following ABA-triggered metabolite responses.

Acknowledgements: authors warmly acknowledge Damilano cellar for hosting the trial.

DOI:

Publication date: October 11, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Alessandra Ferrandino1*, Antonio Carlomagno2, Gianpiero Romana3, Claudio Lovisolo1

1 DISAFA – University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco (TO)
2 DiCEM – University of Basilicata, Via Lanera 20, Matera (MT)
3 Agronomist, Consultant

Contact the author*

Keywords

soil texture, stomatal conductance, leaf water potential, anthocyanins, free terpenes

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Ultra-High Pressure Homogenization (UHPH): a technique that allows the reduction of SO2 in winemaking

Ultra-High Pressure Homogenization (UHPH) is an innovative, efficient and non-thermal technology that can be applied at different stages in winemaking in order to reduce or avoid the use of sulphites. During 2022 vintage, a batch of Xarel·lo must was processed by UHPH at 300 MPa with an inlet temperature (Ti) of 4 ºC. In order to verify the influence of the UHPH treatment in wine characteristics, alcoholic fermentations with this must (UHPH) were carried out and compared with a control batch (without SO2 addition (C)) and a sulphited batch, in which 60 mg/L of total SO2 (SO2) were added.

Read More

Impact of climate on berry weight dynamics of a wide range of Vitis vinifera cultivars 

In order to study the impact of climate change on Bordeaux grape varieties and to assess the behavior of candidate grape varieties potentially better adapted to the new climatic conditions, an experimental vineyard composed of 52 grape varieties was planted in 2009 at the INRAE Bordeaux Aquitaine center[1]. Among the many parameters studied since 2012, berry weight for each variety was measured weekly from mid-veraison to maturity, with four independent replicates. The kinetics obtained allowed to study berry growth, a key parameter in grape composition and yield.

Read More

Predicting provenance and grapevine cultivar implementing machine learning on vineyard soil microbiome data: implications in grapevine breeding

The plant rhizosphere microbial communities are an essential component of plant microbiota, which is crucial for sustaining the production of healthy crops. The main drivers of the composition of such communities are the growing environment and the planted genotype. Recent viticulture studies focus on understanding the effects of these factors on soil microbial composition since microbial biodiversity is an important determinant of plant phenotype, and of wine’s organoleptic properties. Microbial biodiversity of different wine regions, for instance, is an important determinant of wine terroir.

Read More

Extreme vintages affect grape varieties differently: a case study from a cool climate wine region

Eger wine region is located on the northern border of grapevine cultivation zone. In the cool climate, terroir selection is one of the foundations of quality wine making. However, climate change will have a significant impact on these high value-added vineyards. This study presents a case study from 2021 and 2022 with the investigation of three grape varieties (Kadarka, Syrah, Furmint). The experiment was conducted in a steep-sloped vineyard (Nagy-Eged hill) with a southern exposure.

Read More

Pre-breeding for developing heat stress resilient grape varieties to ensure yield 

Climate change has numerous detrimental consequences and creates new challenges for viticulture around the world. Transitory or constant high temperatures frequently associated with an excess of sunlight (UV) can cause a variety of physiological disorders, such as sunburn. Diverse environmental factors and the plant’s response mechanisms to stress determine the symptoms. Grapevine berry sunburn leads to a drastic reduction in yield, and may eventually decline berry quality. Consequently, this poses a significant risk to the winegrowers.

Read More