terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Investigation of cellulose nanofiber-based films used as a protective layer to reduce absorption of smoke phenols into wine grapes

Investigation of cellulose nanofiber-based films used as a protective layer to reduce absorption of smoke phenols into wine grapes

Abstract

Volatile phenols from wildfire smoke are absorbed by wine grapes, resulting in undesirable smoky and ashy sensory attributes in the affected wine.[1] Unfortunately the severity of wildfires is increasing, particularly when grapes are ripening on the vine. The unwanted flavors of the wine prompted a need for solutions to prevent the uptake of smoke compounds into wine grapes. Films using cellulose nanofibers as the coating forming matrix were developed as an innovative means to prevent smoke phenols from entering Pinot noir grapes. Different film formulations were tested by incorporating low methoxy pectin or chitosan. The three different coating treatments were sprayed on Pinot noir grapes from Woodhall III Vineyards in Monroe, Oregon. just prior to veraison. Smoke was applied to the grapes by burning Oregon forest duff in grills attached to specially designed greenhouse tents, which were used to contain smoke around the grape vines for six hours. Smoke density was maintained between 20 to 100 mg/m3 for smoke particles <1 μm. Film-treated grapes and controls were harvested a week after smoke exposure. Prior to winemaking, half of the coated grapes were washed and the other half unwashed, to determine if the films would contribute smoke compounds during fermentation. Grape juice and final wines were analyzed for free and bound smoke phenols[2,3]. New markers for smoke exposure, thiophenols, were also analyzed given their contribution to the ashy flavor in smoke impacted wines. The films used in this study prevented the incorporation of a wide range of smoke phenols in the subsequent wine compared to the controls. But unfortunately, did not impact all the smoke compounds. While additional work is needed, these films are prospective deterrents to grape smoke exposure during wildfire events.

Acknowledgements: Funded by USDA-NIFA-SCRI Award #2021-51181-35862 and USDA-ARS #2072-21000—057-00D.

References:

1)  Parker M. et al. (2012) Contribution of several volatile phenols and their glycoconjugates to smoke-related sensory properties of red wine. J. Agric. Food Chem., 60: 2629-2637, DOI 10.1021/jf2040548

2)  Liu Z. et al. (2020) A simple GC-MS/MS method for determination of smoke taint-related volatile phenols in grapes. Metabolites, 10: 294, DOI 10.3390/metabo10070294

3) Caffrey, A., et al. (2019). Changes in smoke-taint volatile-phenol glycosides in wildfire smoke-exposed Cabernet Sauvignon grapes throughout winemaking. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 70(4), 373-381.

DOI:

Publication date: October 11, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Lindsay Garcia1, Trung Tran1, Jooyeoun Jung1, D.Cole Cerrato1, Victoria Koyner1, Michael H. Penner1, Alexander D. Levin2, Yanyun Zhao1 and Elizabeth Tomasino1

1Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
2Dept. Of Horticulture Southern Oregon Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, Central Point, OR, USA

Contact the author*

Keywords

thiophenols, guaiacol, chitosan, pectin, coating

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Evaluation of interception traps for capture of Xylotrechus arvicola (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in vineyards varieties from Protected Denomination of Origin León

Xylotrechus arvicola (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a pest in vineyards (Vitis vinifera) in the main Spain wine-producing regions with Protected Denomination of Origin (PDO). The action of the larvae, associated to the spreading of wood fungi, causes damage especially in important varieties of V. vinifera. X. arvicola females lay eggs concentrated in cracks or under the rhytidome in the wood vines, which allows the emerging larvae to get into the wood and make galleries inside the plant being then necessary to prune intensively or to pull up the bored plants (1). The objective of the study was to evaluate captures of X. arvicola insects in five varieties of V. vinifera in PDO León.

Read More

A novel approach for the identification of new biomarkers of wine consumption in human urine using untargeted metabolomics

Wine is one of the most representative components of Mediterranean diet. Moderate wine intake together with food, has been positively correlated with reduced risk of many chronic diseases. This beneficial effect seems to be ascribed to elevated polyphenolic content of wine [1]. Traditional approaches for the identification of wine biomarkers consumption include targeted metabolomics that focuses on the quantification of well-defined metabolites, losing a valuable information about a massive number of compounds. On the other hand, untargeted metabolomics can disclose a large quantity of signals corresponding to potential biomarkers in a single analysis with high sensitivity and resolution.

Read More

Genetic variation among wild grapes native to Japan

Domesticated grapes are assumed to have originated in the Middle East. However, a considerable number of species are native in East Asian countries such as China, Korea and Japan as well. Evidence suggests that a total of seven species and eight varieties have been found to be native to Japan. A wide level variation in morphology, genetic and fruit composition exist in wild grape native to Japan.

Read More

Water availability at budbreak time in vineyards that are deficitary irrigated during the summer: Effect on must volatile composition


In recent years, Mediterranean regions are being affected by marked climate changes, primarily characterized by reduced precipitation, greater concurrence of temperature extremes and drought during the growing season, and increased inter-annual variability in temperatures and rainfall. Generally, high-quality red wines need moderate water deficit. Hence, irrigation may be needed to avoid severe vine water stress occurring in some vintages and soils with low holding capacity. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of soil recharge irrigation in pre-sprouting and summer irrigation every week (30 % ETO) from the pea size state until the end of ripening (RP) compared to exclusively summer irrigation every week (R) in the same way that RP, on must volatile composition at harvest.

Read More

Effect of drought on grapevine wood fungal pathogen communities using a metatranscriptomics approach

Crops are facing increasing biotic and abiotic stress pressures due to global changes. However, trade-off mechanisms between these stresses and the underlying physiological processes are still poorly understood, especially in perennial crop species. To better understand these trade-offs, we studied the effect of drought on grapevine (Vitis vinifera) physiology and esca-related wood fungal communities. Esca is a vascular disease caused by a community of wood-infecting pathogenic fungi, and characterized by trunk necrosis, leaf scorch symptoms, yield losses, and mortality.

Read More