terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Decoupling the effects of water and heat stress on Sauvignon blanc berries

Decoupling the effects of water and heat stress on Sauvignon blanc berries

Abstract

Climate changes have important consequences in viticulture, heat waves accompanied by periods of drought are encountered more and more frequently. This study aims to evaluate the single and combined effect of water deficit and high temperatures on the thiol precursors biosynthesis in Sauvignon blanc grapes. For this purpose, a protocol has been developed for the cultivation of berries on a solid substrate. The berries, collected at three different times starting from veraison and grown in vitro, were subjected to 4 different treatments: control (C), water stress (WS), heat stress (HS), combined water and heat stress (WSHS). Water stress was simulated by adding abscisic acid to the culture medium, while different temperatures, respectively 25°C and 35°C, were managed with two illuminated climatic chambers. The expression of the main genes involved in the biosynthesis of thiol precursors, together with stress marker genes, was evaluated on the berries by qRT-PCR. Moreover, thiol precursors were analysed using an UHPLC/MS method. Results highlighted variable trends in the genes encoding GSTs (glutathione-S-transferase) and GGTs (γ-glutamyl-transferase), responsible for the synthesis of precursors. In detail, the VvGST3 gene was significantly down-regulated in thermal stresses, while HS and WSHS up-regulated the expression of VvGST2, VvGST5, VvGST25 and GGTs. Furthermore, the tested stress marker genes significantly confirm the success of both thermal and water stress conditions. The analysis of thiol precursors, showed that the concentration of Cys-3SH in the two last sampling dates well correlated with the expression of the above-mentioned genes. As opposite, a poor correlation was observed for Glut-3SH. Taken together these results allowed to identify a specific effect of heat and water stress on the regulation of the thiol precursors biosynthetic pathway in Sauvignon blanc berries during maturation.  

DOI:

Publication date: October 11, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Alberto Calderan1,2, Rachele Falchi2, Riccardo Braidotti2, Giorgio Alberti2, Andreja Vanzo3 and Paolo Sivilotti2

1Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy
2Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle     Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
3Kmetijski Istitut Slovenje (KIS), Hacquetova ulica 17, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

Contact the author*

Keywords

water stress, heat stress, climate change, berries culture

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Extreme vintages affect grape varieties differently: a case study from a cool climate wine region

Eger wine region is located on the northern border of grapevine cultivation zone. In the cool climate, terroir selection is one of the foundations of quality wine making. However, climate change will have a significant impact on these high value-added vineyards. This study presents a case study from 2021 and 2022 with the investigation of three grape varieties (Kadarka, Syrah, Furmint). The experiment was conducted in a steep-sloped vineyard (Nagy-Eged hill) with a southern exposure.

Read More

Influence of irrigation frequency on berry phenolic composition of red grape varieties cultivated in four spanish wine-growing regions

The global warming phenomenon involves the frequency of extreme meteorological events accompanied by a change in rainfall distribution. Irrigation frequency (IF) affects the spatial and temporal soil water distribution but its effects on the phenolic composition of the grape have been scarcely studied. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of four deficit irrigation frequencies of 30 % ETo: one irrigation per day (T01), two irrigations per week (T03), one irrigation per week (T07) and one irrigation every two weeks (T15) on berry phenolic composition at harvest.

Read More

Energy partitioning and functionality of photosystem II in water-stressed grapevines during heatwaves revealed by continuous measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence

The increased intensity and frequency of heatwaves, coupled with prolonged periods of drought, are a significant threat to viticulture worldwide. During these conditions the more exposed leaves can show visible symptoms of heat damage. We monitored the functionality of photosystem II (PSII) in the field to better understand the impact of heatwaves on canopy performance. A factorial experiment was established in summer 2023 using Shiraz grapevines in the Barossa valley of South Australia, involving water-stressed and well-watered vines.

Read More

New crossbreed winegrape genotypes cultivated under rainfed conditions in a semi-arid Mediterranean region

Traditional drought tolerant varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Monastrell, and Syrah [1], have been used as parents in the grapevine breeding program initiated by the Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental (IMIDA) in 1997 [2]. This work presents the results of evaluating three new genotypes obtained from crosses between ‘Monastrell’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ (MC16 and MC80) and between ‘Monastrell’ and ‘Syrah’ (MS104), comparing their performance under conditions of water scarcity and high temperatures with that of their respective parental varieties. For this purpose, the six genotypes were cultivated under controlled irrigation conditions (60% ETc) and rainfed conditions.

Read More

Under-vine management effects on grapevine vegetative growth, gas exchange and rhizosphere microbial diversity

The use of cover crops under the vines might be an alternative to the use of herbicides or tillage, improving grapevine quality and soil characteristics. The aim of this research was to study the implications of different management strategies of the soil under the vines (herbicide, cultivation or cover crops) on grapevine growth, water and nutritional status, gas exchange parameters and belowground microbial communities.
The experimental design consisted in 4 treatments applied on 35L-potted Tempranillo vegetative grapevines with 10 replicates each grown in an open-top greenhouse in 2022 and 2023. Treatments included two cover crop species (Trifolium fragiferum and Bromus repens), herbicide (glyphosate al 36%) and an untreated control.

Read More