terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Retrospective analysis of our knowledge regarding the genetics of relevant traits for rootstock breeding 

Retrospective analysis of our knowledge regarding the genetics of relevant traits for rootstock breeding 

Abstract

Rootstocks were the first sustainable and environmentally friendly strategy to cope with a major threat for Vitis vinifera cultivation. In addition to providing Phylloxera resistance, they play an important role in protecting against other soil-borne pests, such as nematodes, and in adapting V. vinifera to limiting abiotic conditions. Today viticulture has to adapt to ongoing climate change whilst simultaneously reducing its environmental impact. In this context, rootstocks are a central element in the development of agro-ecological practices that increase adaptive potential with low external inputs. Despite the apparent diversity of the Vitis genus, only few rootstock varieties are used worldwide and most of them have a very narrow genetic background. This means that there is considerable scope to breed new, improved rootstocks to adapt viticulture for the future.

However, in comparison to the extensive research effort devoted to fruit varieties, there is little scientific knowledge to support grapevine rootstock breeding. Since grafting became widespread in viticulture, very few studies have been done on the genetic architecture of the relevant traits in rootstocks, even for resistance to Phylloxera or grafting ability. The current presentation will provide an overview of our knowledge on the genetics of specific rootstock traits, covering resistance to Phylloxera and nematodes, rooting and grafting abilities, and adaptation to drought and salinity. An attempt to list the resources and initiatives at the international level will be made.   

Acknowledgements: The research for rootstock breeding in Bordeaux has been supported over the years by numerous funding agencies and has benefited from the support of the wine industry. Louis Bordenave, Bernard Douens, Jean-Pierre Petit, Cyril Hévin and Nicolas Hocquard are to be acknowledged for their great involvement in the management of genetic resources  and the monitoring of plant material.

DOI:

Publication date: October 19, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Nathalie Ollat1, Jean-Pascal Tandonnet1, Marina de Miguel, Clément Saint-Cast1, Virginie Lauvergeat1, Joseph Tran1, Bernadette Rubio1, Nabil Girollet1, Pierre-François Bert1, Maria Lafargue1, Philippe Vivin1, Sarah J. Cookson1, Daniel Esmenjaud2, Elisa Marguerit1

1 EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
2 INRAE, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, ISA, 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France

Contact the author*

Keywords

diversity, biotic stress, abiotic stress, roots, genes, resistance

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Typicality of Rioja wines: identification of sensory profiles for the three subregions of DOCa Rioja

Within the DOCa Rioja three main production areas are differentiated: Rioja Alta (RA), Rioja Alavesa (RAv) and Rioja Oriental (RO). They are three diverse territories with particular characteristics that are claimed to give rise to differentiated profiles. The present work aims at evaluating the sensory diversity of young commercial red wines in these three subregions. Therefore 30 young red wines (mainly Tempranillo and vintage 2021), ten from each subregion, were sensory described following a non-verbal free sorting task and a verbal free comment task by 32 well-established Rioja winemakers.

Read More

Cumulative effect of deficit irrigation and salinity on vine responses

Climate change is increasing water needs in most of the wine growing regions while reducing the availability and quality of water resources for irrigation. In this context, the sustainability of Mediterranean viticulture depends on grapevine responses to the combinations of water and salt stress. With this aim, this work studies the effects of deficit irrigation and salinity on the physiology of the Tempranillo cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.) grafted onto a drought and salinity tolerant rootstock (1103 Paulsen).

Read More

Polysaccharide families of lyophilized extracts obtained from unfermented varietal grape pomaces

The recovery of bioactive compounds from grape and wine by-products is currently an important objective for revaluation and sustainability. Grape pomace is one of the main by-products and is a rich source of some bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the polysaccharide (PS) composition of extracts obtained from pomaces of different white and red grape varieties of Castilla y León. Grape pomaces were obtained after the pressing in the winemaking process.

Read More

First results on the chemical composition of red wines from the pressing of marc

In the Bordeaux vineyards, press wine represents approximately 15% of the total volume of wine produced[1]. Valuing this large volume of wine is necessary from an economic point of view, but also because of their organoleptic contribution to the blend, and their contribution to the construction of wines for laying down. Therefore, this study was developed considering the lack of recent scientific knowledge on the composition of red press wines. The aim of this study is to establish an initial assessment of their chemical composition including aromatic compounds and a phenolic part.

Read More

Metabolomic insights into wine’s sensory identity: unveiling climate-driven changes in aroma composition

Wine, a sensitive and intricate agricultural product, is being affected by climate change, which accelerates grapevine phenological stages and alters grape composition and ripening. This influences the synthesis of key aroma compounds, shaping wine’s sensory attributes [1]. The complex aroma profile, resulting from compound interactions, presents a metabolomics challenge to identify these indicators and their environmental change responses, which is being addressed using diverse analytical techniques.

Read More