terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Moderate wine consumption – part of a balanced diet or a health risk?

Moderate wine consumption – part of a balanced diet or a health risk?

Abstract

Consumption of wine/alcoholic beverages remains a topic of great uncertainty and controversy worldwide.  The term “no safe level” dominates the media communication and policy ever since population studies in 2018 [1,2] were published, which denied the existence of a J-curve and suggested that ANY consumption of an alcoholic beverage is harmful to health. The scientific evidence accumulated during the past decades about the health benefits of moderate wine consumption, were questioned and drinking guidelines considered to be too loose. As a consequence, during the last few years, the upper limit of low-risk alcohol consumption has been progressively lowered in the national drinking guidelines. 

Although the authors of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study concluded in 2018 that it would be best for overall health to avoid drinking at all, the same GBD scientists in 2022, corrected their own previous data.  In their 2022 update [3] – different from the 2018 publication – the alcohol-related health risks in every country were considered. The results showed that the risks from the consumption of alcoholic beverages vary greatly depending on the disease, age and region. Based on these new results, a moderate consumption of wine/alcoholic beverages for individuals above 40 years of age can provide health benefits, such as a lower risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. The influence of moderate wine/alcohol consumption on health was described by a J-shaped curve. Excessive drinking is always associated with an increased risk of death and various health risks.

What are the reasons for such contrary results and what is the practical significance of “global calculations” in both GBD studies?  What does it mean for the wine consumer? The latest scientific evidence of moderate wine consumption in the context a healthy lifestyle and diet will be discussed, as well as how the communication of the Wine in Moderation initiative builds on objective scientific facts.

  1. Gakidou, E.,(2018) Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet, 392(10152):1015-1035 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31310-2
  2. Wood, A.M., et al., Risk thresholds for alcohol consumption: combined analysis of individual-participant data for 599 912 current drinkers in 83 prospective studies. Lancet, 2018. 391(10129):1513-1523 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30134-X
  3. Gakidou, E. and G.A. Collaborators, Population-level risks of alcohol consumption by amount, geography, age, sex, and year: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020. Lancet, 2022. 400(10347):185-235 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00847-9.

DOI:

Publication date: October 19, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Ursula Fradera1

1Deutsche Weinakademie, Platz des Weines 2, 55294 Bodenheim, Germany

Contact the author*

Keywords

alcohol, wine, benefits, health risks, global burden of disease

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Atypical aging and hydric stress: insights on an exceptionally dry year

Atypical aging (ATA) is a white wine fault characterized by the appearance of notes of wet rag, acacia blossoms and naphthalene, along with the vanishing of varietal aromas. 2-aminoacetophenone (AAP) – a degradation compound of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) – is regarded as the main sensorial and chemical marker responsible for this defect. About the origin of ATA, a stress reaction occurring in the vineyard has been looked as the leading cause of this defect. Agronomic, climatic and pedological factors are the main triggers and among them, drought stress seems to play a crucial role.[1]

Read More

Applicability of spectrofluorometry and voltammetry in combination with machine learning approaches for authentication of DOCa Rioja Tempranillo wines

The main objective of the work was to develop a simple, robust and selective analytical tool that allows predicting the authenticity of Tempranillo wines from DOCa Rioja. The techniques of voltammetry and absorbance-transmission and fluorescence excitation emission matrix (A-TEEM) spectroscopy have been applied in combination with machine learning (ML) algorithms to classify red wines from DOCa Rioja according to region (Alavesa, Alta or Oriental) and category (young, crianza or reserva).

Read More

Effect on the grape and wine characteristics of cv. Tempranillo at 3 production levels

The vineyard has experienced a general increase in yields mainly due to the elevated use of technology which caused a quality loss of grapes in more than one case. A large percentage of the Spanish vineyard is covered by a Denomination of Origin which limits the productive level of the vineyards as one of its regulations. The maximum production limit is a variable characteristic of each vineyard and is not usually regulated by agronomic criteria, and this explains the fact that each vineyard can reach high quality with a totally different yield from that set by the Denomination of Origin.

Read More

Metabolomic insights into wine’s sensory identity: unveiling climate-driven changes in aroma composition

Wine, a sensitive and intricate agricultural product, is being affected by climate change, which accelerates grapevine phenological stages and alters grape composition and ripening. This influences the synthesis of key aroma compounds, shaping wine’s sensory attributes [1]. The complex aroma profile, resulting from compound interactions, presents a metabolomics challenge to identify these indicators and their environmental change responses, which is being addressed using diverse analytical techniques.

Read More

Pre-breeding for developing heat stress resilient grape varieties to ensure yield 

Climate change has numerous detrimental consequences and creates new challenges for viticulture around the world. Transitory or constant high temperatures frequently associated with an excess of sunlight (UV) can cause a variety of physiological disorders, such as sunburn. Diverse environmental factors and the plant’s response mechanisms to stress determine the symptoms. Grapevine berry sunburn leads to a drastic reduction in yield, and may eventually decline berry quality. Consequently, this poses a significant risk to the winegrowers.

Read More