terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 INFLUENCES OF SO2 ADDITION AND STORAGE CONDITIONS IN THE DETERMINATION OF MEAN DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION OF PROANTHOCYANIDINS IN AGED RED WINES

INFLUENCES OF SO2 ADDITION AND STORAGE CONDITIONS IN THE DETERMINATION OF MEAN DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION OF PROANTHOCYANIDINS IN AGED RED WINES

Abstract

The structural diversity is one of the most remarkable characteristics of proanthocyanidins (PA). Indeed, PA in wines may vary in the B-ring and C-ring substitutes, the C-ring stereochemistry, the degree of polymerization (DP) and the linkage between the monomers. Knowing in detail the structural characteristics of the PA of a wine can help us to understand and modulate several sensorial characteristics of the wine, such as color, antioxidant properties, flavor, and mouthfeel properties. In the last years was discovered and confirmed the presence of sulfonated monomeric and oligomeric flavan-3-ols in wine [1], as well as was pointed out their importance in wine quality [1,2]. Aim of this work was to explore if and how the presence of the sulfonated PA can influence the wine PA profile and mDP, at different storage parameters. The sample set used included 5 single cultivar wines, four levels of SO₂ and two storage conditions, while all wines were analyzed by phloroglucinolysis reaction – UPLC-MS/MS recently published [3]. The results showed that after the phloroglucinolysis reaction the epicatechin sulfonate increased more than 30 times. The formation of the phloroglucinol adducts after the reaction is highly influenced for the storage conditions, and therebefore the mDP. The wines stored in cellar temperatures has the double of the concentrations of phloroglucinol adducts in comparison to the wines stored in room temperature. The inclusion of epicatechin sulfonate in the determination of mDP leads to lower values in all studied wines, highlighting the relevance of the sulfonated proanthocyanidins in the determination of this relevant parameter.

 

1. Mattivi, F. et al., 2015. DOI: 10.1021/bk-2015-1203.ch003
2. Arapitsas, P. et al.,2018. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19185-5
3. Arapitsas, P. et al., 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26041087

DOI:

Publication date: February 9, 2024

Issue: OENO Macrowine 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Daniele Perenzoni¹, Lais Moro², Maurizio Ugliano³, Luca Rolle⁴, Paola Piombino⁵, Andrea Versari⁶, Matteo Marangon⁷, Fulvio Mattivi¹, Urska Vrhovsek¹, Panagiotis Arapitsas1,8

1. Unit of Metabolomics, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
2. São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Agriculture, Av Universitária, n 3780, 18.610-034, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
3. Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
4. Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
5. Department of Agricultural Sciences, Division of Vine and Wine Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 83100 Avelino, Italy
6. Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
7. Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Le-gnaro, Italy
8. Department of Wine, Vine and Beverage Sciences, School of Food Science, University of West Attica, Egaleo, 12243 Athens, Greece

Contact the author*

Keywords

phloroglucinolysis, SO₂, proanthocyanidin mean degree of polymerization (mDP)

Tags

IVES Conference Series | oeno macrowine 2023 | oeno-macrowine

Citation

Related articles…

SENSORY DEFINITION OF A TECHNICAL UNAVOIDABLE TRANSFER OF AROMA COMPOUNDS VIA SEALING IN A BOTTLING LINE IN ORDER TO PREVENT PROSECUTION DUE TO FRAUDULENT AROMATIZATION OF A SUBSEQUENTLY FILLED WINE

In 2020, 12% of all bottled German wines were aromatized, which may increase further due to rising popularity of dealcoholized wines. As sealing polymers of a bottling line absorb aroma compounds and may release them into regular wines in the next filling¹, this unintentional carry-over bears the risk to violate the legal ban of any aromatization of regular wine. However, following EU legislation, German food control authorities accept a technical unavoidable transfer of aroma compounds, if this is of no sensory significance.
Read More

CHANGES IN METABOLIC FLUXES UNDER LOW PH GROWTH CONDITIONS: CAN THE SLOWDOWN OF CITRATE CONSUMPTION IMPROVE OENOCOCCUS OENI ACID-TOLERANCE?

Oenococcus oeni is the main Lactic Acid Bacteria responsible for malolactic fermentation, converting malic acid into lactic acid and carbon dioxide in wines. Following the alcoholic fermentation, this second fermentation ensures a deacidification and remains essential for the release of aromatic notes and the improvement of microbial stability in many wines. Nevertheless, wine is a harsh environment for microbial growth, especially because of its low pH (between 2.9 and 3.6 depending on the type of wine) and nutrient deficiency. In order to maintain homeostasis and ensure viability, O. oeni possesses different cellular mechanisms including organic acid metabolisms which represent also the major pathway to synthetize energy in wine.

Read More

Metabolomics for grape and wine research: exploring the contributions of amino acids to wine flavour

A critical aspect of wine quality is the overall expression of wine flavour, which is formed by the interplay of volatile aroma compounds, their precursors, and taste and matrix components.
Grapes directly contribute to wine only a small number of potent aroma compounds, and the unique
sensory attributes and perceived quality of a wine result from combining 100s of metabolites of grapes, yeast and bacteria, and oak wood.

Read More

ACIDIC AND DEMALIC SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE STRAINS FOR MANAGING PROBLEMS OF ACIDITY DURING THE ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION

In a recent study several genes controlling the acidification properties of the wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been identified by a QTL approach [1]. Many of these genes showed allelic variations that affect the metabolism of malic acid and the pH homeostasis during the alcoholic fermentation. Such alleles have been used for driving genetic selection of new S. cerevisiae starters that may conversely acidify or deacidify the wine by producing or consuming large amount of malic acid [2]. This particular feature drastically modulates the final pH of wine with difference of 0.5 units between the two groups.

Read More

IN DEPTH CHARACTERIZATION OF OENOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO LACHANCEA THERMOTOLERANS STARTER STRAINS

Non-Saccharomyces starter cultures became increasingly popular over the years because of their potential to produce more distinctive and unique wines. The major benefit of the use of Lachancea thermotolerans as a fermentation starter is its ability to produce relevant amounts of lactic acid and reduce alcoholic strength, making it valuable for mitigating negative impacts of climate change on grapes and wine quality. Besides, like any other non-Saccharomyces yeast, L. thermotolerans can significantly affect a whole range of other physico-chemical wine parameters.

Read More