OENO IVAS 2019 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OENO IVAS 9 OENO IVAS 2019 9 Analytical developments from grape to wine, spirits : omics, chemometrics approaches… 9 Influence of the malolactic fermentation on wine metabolomics or drastic metabolomics changes due to malolactic fermentation

Influence of the malolactic fermentation on wine metabolomics or drastic metabolomics changes due to malolactic fermentation

Abstract

It is well known that lactic acid bacteria modify the wine volatile compound. However, very few data are available regarding metabolite changes that occurred during the malolactic fermentation (MLF). In order to have a clearer picture of the metabolic signature of the bacteria in wine during the MLF, we have analyzed the exometabolome before and after MLF of wine fermented with 6 different yeast strains and 2 different bacteria. To this purpose, metabolomics analyses were carried out by LC-TOF-MS. 

The PCA analyses of the metabolomics data clearly distinguish samples at the end of alcoholic fermentation from samples after malolactic fermentation and samples from co-inoculation. These results confirmed the impact of bacteria on wine metabolome but also underlined the fact that co-inoculation of bacteria with yeast in must does not result in the same wine than sequential inoculation, from a metabolite point of view. This result clearly indicates that both matrix (must or wine) and yeast bacteria interactions are responsible for the observed differences. A focus on the comparison of wine before and after malolactic fermentation conducted by the lactic acid bacteria VP41 revealed a clear cut difference between the wines as represented by PLS-DA. These results confirmed the drastic changes of the wines due to malolactic fermentation. Some of the compounds catabolised or synthesized by the bacteria during MLF allows to identify specific metabolic pathway involved during MLF such as for example glycosyl hydrolases, which convert flavonoid glycosides to the corresponding aglycones, and esterase, degrading methyl gallate, tannins, or phenolic acid ester.

DOI:

Publication date: June 19, 2020

Issue: OENO IVAS 2019

Type: Article

Authors

Liu Youzhong (1,2), Gougeon Régis (3), Bou-Déléris Magali (4), Krieger-Weber Sybille (4), Schmitt-Kopplin Philippe (5,6),

Presenting author

Alexandre Hervé3

1-Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Advanced Database Research and Modelling (ADReM), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
2-Biomedical Informatics Network Antwerp (Biomina), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
3-UMR PAM Université de Bourgogne/AgroSup Dijon, Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin, Jules Guyot, Rue Claude Ladrey, BP 27877, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France
4-Lallemand SAS, 19 rue des Briquetiers, Blagnac, France
5-Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
6-Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany

Contact the author

Keywords

bacteria, malolactic fermentation, metabolomic, wine 

Tags

IVES Conference Series | OENO IVAS 2019

Citation

Related articles…

The state of the climate

The climate has warmed over the past century or more bringing about changes in numerous aspects in both earth and human systems

Read More

Rootstock drought tolerance under dry-farmed conditions in Oregon’s Willamette Valley

Rootstocks are used in vineyards worldwide and have been the focus of many studies. However, rootstock performance varies based on regional climates and soil types. As Oregon experiences warmer seasons and variable precipitation patterns, growers are interested in rootstocks with more drought tolerance than the commonly planted rootstocks: 3309C, Riparia Gloire, and 101-14 Mgt. In Oregon’s Willamette Valley, annual precipitation is typically sufficient to make dry-farming possible and use of irrigation is limited.

Read More

Controlling Wine Oxidation: Effects of pH on Key Reaction Rates

Acidity is often touted as a predictor of wine ageability, though surprisingly few studies have systematically investigated the chemical basis for this claim.

Read More

Insights into the stable isotope ratio variability of hybrid grape varieties

The wine industry faces the consumer’s increasing demand for a sustainable and environmentally-friendly production [1]. This demand has been shared and boosted by the European Union within the European Green Deal in the Farm to Fork strategy that aims to reduce a 50% the pesticide utilisation in farming systems. Among the agronomical approaches so far proposed, the use of mould resitant hybrid varieties -based on crossings of Vitis vinifera with other Vitis spp [2]- with a high tolerance to the attack of vine patogens is gaining the vinegrowers attention and the production area is continuously increasing

Read More

Application of DEXI PM Vigne sustainability tool to the assessment of alternative vineyard protection strategies

Implementing alternative grapevine systems that incorporate sustainable strategies and innovative farming practices is essential. However, we lack tools for measuring the impact of these new practices on the overall sustainability of vineyards. DEXi PM Vigne (Gary et al., 2015) is a tool developed for ex ante assessment of the sustainability of grapevine cropping systems, from the plot to the farm scale. In the present study, we focused on implementing new strategies of integrated crop protection management with limited pesticide use in vineyards.

Read More