terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Exogenous dsRNA applications to identify novel candidate susceptibility genes to downy mildew

Exogenous dsRNA applications to identify novel candidate susceptibility genes to downy mildew

Abstract

One of the major threats to viticulture is represented by fungal pathogens. Plasmopara viticola, an oomycete causinggrapevine downy mildew, is one of the principal causes of grape production losses. The most efficient management strategies are represented by a combination of agronomical practices, fungicides’ applications, and use of resistant varieties. Plant resistance is conferred by the presence of resistance (R) genes. Opposed to them, susceptibility (S) genes are encoded by plants and exploited by pathogens to promote infection. Loss or mutation of S genes can limit the ability of pathogens to infect the host. By exploiting post-transcriptional gene silencing, known as RNA intereference (RNAi), it is possible to knock-down the expression of S genes, promoting plant resistance. Gene silencing is induced upon exogenous application of dsRNA, which can interfere with protein synthesis. With the aim of identifying new candidate genes to be employed in breeding programs, three novel candidate S genes to downy mildew, VviLBDIf7, VviAS1 and VviB3, have been identified. Candidates’ validation was carried out through RNAi on the susceptible cultivar Pinot noir. Disease severity was estimated by experimental inoculation of P. viticola on leaves sampled at different timepoints after the treatment with dsRNA, while gene expression was evaluated by real time RT-PCR. Successful downregulation of candidate genes resulted in a significant reduction of plants susceptibility to downy mildew, suggesting our candidates as downy mildew S genes, leading to the possibility of employing an RNAi-based strategy as a more sustainable alternative to conventional management strategies.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Elisabetta Sergi1*, Giuliana Maddalena1, Valentina Ricciardi1, Demetrio Marcianò1, Beatrice Lecchi1, Osvaldo Failla1, Silvia Laura Toffolatti1, Gabriella De Lorenzis1

1 Affliliation Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan (Italy)

Contact the author*

Keywords

S genes, RNAi, gene silencing, Plasmopara viticola, Vitis vinifera

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Grapevine root system architecture: empirical insights and first steps towards in silico studies

Root System Architecture (RSA) is crucial for plant resilience and resource uptake, yet remains underexplored in viticulture.

Read More

Multiple description and validation of autochthone grape varieties in the Carpathian Basin

Context and Purpose of the Study. In many countries, the preservation of grape varieties with heritage value is ensured by genebanks of outstanding significance, which allow for the study of these varieties and the assessment of their future roles in response to environmental, market, and social challenges.

Read More

Spatial Analysis of Climate in Winegrape Growing Regions in Portugal

Spatial climate data at a 1 km resolution has allowed for a comprehensive mapping and assessment of viticulture DOs regions in Portugal. Overall the 50 regions and sub-regions in Portugal range

Read More

Berry maturity effects on physic and chemical characteristics of traditional sparkling wines produced from Chardonnay and Sauvignon blanc grapes.

One of the consequences of global warming is the quick berry development giving rise to a disconnection between sugar accumulation and the formation of important quality minor compounds such as phenolics and volatile compounds being a huge challenge for the oenologist [1]. Thus, this phenomenon is forcing the search on strategies for maintaining the quality of wines despite this situation. One possibility is to make an early harvest with a low sugar concentration (18ºbrix) and advanced harvest for sparkling wine (20-21ºbrix) and afterwards to combine base wines properly and carry out the second fermentation trying to compensate the lack of secondary metabolites due to the quick berry development and higher alcohol degree of the second one, not adequate itself for sparkling wine. The aim of this study was to assess the chemical and physical characteristics, mainly volatile profile, and foaming properties of sparkling wines from grapes of Chardonnay and Sauvignon blanc.

Read More

Diffuse light due to wildfire smoke enhances gas exchange of shaded leaves

The risk of wildfires is increasing as the frequency and severity of drought and heat waves continue to rise. Wildfires are associated with the combustion of plant materials and emit smoke. In the atmosphere, smoke may spread readily across large areas. Smoke is composed of solid and liquid phase particulates and gases and has been identified as a causal agent of “smoke taint” in wine. On a smoky day, the intensity of direct light decreases because these particulates scatter sunlight. Even though this effect is frequently assumed to decrease plant photosynthesis, this assumption ignores the potential changes in diffuse light and may be based on scant evidence.

Read More