terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Exogenous dsRNA applications to identify novel candidate susceptibility genes to downy mildew

Exogenous dsRNA applications to identify novel candidate susceptibility genes to downy mildew

Abstract

One of the major threats to viticulture is represented by fungal pathogens. Plasmopara viticola, an oomycete causinggrapevine downy mildew, is one of the principal causes of grape production losses. The most efficient management strategies are represented by a combination of agronomical practices, fungicides’ applications, and use of resistant varieties. Plant resistance is conferred by the presence of resistance (R) genes. Opposed to them, susceptibility (S) genes are encoded by plants and exploited by pathogens to promote infection. Loss or mutation of S genes can limit the ability of pathogens to infect the host. By exploiting post-transcriptional gene silencing, known as RNA intereference (RNAi), it is possible to knock-down the expression of S genes, promoting plant resistance. Gene silencing is induced upon exogenous application of dsRNA, which can interfere with protein synthesis. With the aim of identifying new candidate genes to be employed in breeding programs, three novel candidate S genes to downy mildew, VviLBDIf7, VviAS1 and VviB3, have been identified. Candidates’ validation was carried out through RNAi on the susceptible cultivar Pinot noir. Disease severity was estimated by experimental inoculation of P. viticola on leaves sampled at different timepoints after the treatment with dsRNA, while gene expression was evaluated by real time RT-PCR. Successful downregulation of candidate genes resulted in a significant reduction of plants susceptibility to downy mildew, suggesting our candidates as downy mildew S genes, leading to the possibility of employing an RNAi-based strategy as a more sustainable alternative to conventional management strategies.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Elisabetta Sergi1*, Giuliana Maddalena1, Valentina Ricciardi1, Demetrio Marcianò1, Beatrice Lecchi1, Osvaldo Failla1, Silvia Laura Toffolatti1, Gabriella De Lorenzis1

1 Affliliation Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan (Italy)

Contact the author*

Keywords

S genes, RNAi, gene silencing, Plasmopara viticola, Vitis vinifera

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Anthocyanin composition and sensory properties of wines from Portuguese and international varieties cultivated in a hot and dry region of Portugal

The study of anthocyanins in wines and grapes has been the subject of numerous research works over the years due to their important role in enology regarding their contribution to wine sensory properties.

Read More

Vine-growing zoning of the municipal territories of Ronda and Arriate (Malaga, Spain), « Sierras de Málaga » registered appellation of origin mark

The aim of this communication is the study of the Ronda and Arriate municipal territories environment in order to define and to establish the main physical factors in relation to vine-growing land use. The vine-growing zoning proposed is based on geopedological and climatic features.

Read More

Molecular approaches for understanding and modulating wine taste

Wine consumers generally demand wines having a perception of softer tannins and less ripe, having a heaviness and richness on palate (full-body wine) with a limpid and stable color. However, polyphenol
(tannins)-rich wines have been also correlated with unpleasant taste properties such as astringency and
bitterness when perceived at high intensities. Modulating these unpleasant properties could be important for consumer’s approval of wines.

Read More

Fertilization Lysimeters provide new insights into the needs and impacts of N nutrition on table grape performance and fruit yield and quality

Table grape production requires adequate nitrogen (N) supply to sustain vine performance and obtain high yields. However, excess agricultural N fertilization is a major source of groundwater contamination and air pollution. Therefore, there is a strong need for empirically based precision N fertilization schemes in vineyards, for optimizing grape yield and quality while minimizing their environmental impact.
Our aim was to unequivocally quantify table grape N requirements, elucidate the drivers of daily N uptake, and quantify the relationship between fertigation N levels and vine growth, fruit yield, composition, and quality. For this, forty ‘Early Sweet’ (early-maturing, white) and ‘Crimson seedless’ (late-maturing, red) vines were grown in 500L drainage-lysimeters for 2 fruiting seasons, while subjected to five continuous N fertigation treatments ranging from 10 to 200 ppm.

Read More

Bio-acidification of wines by Lachancea thermotolerans

Insufficient acidity in grapes from warm climates/vintages is commonly corrected through addition of tartaric acid during vinification, and less so with other organic acids. An alternative approach involves bio-acidification with the yeast Lachancea thermotolerans (LT) via lactic acid production during fermentation.

Read More