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IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2024 9 Orals - Oenology, methods of analysis 9 New markers for risk assessment of ‘fresh mushroom off-flavour’ in wine: a dual approach using microbiological and chemical tools from the vineyard to winery

New markers for risk assessment of ‘fresh mushroom off-flavour’ in wine: a dual approach using microbiological and chemical tools from the vineyard to winery

Abstract

The ‘fresh mushroom off-flavour’ has been recognized by the wine industry as an emerging defect since the 2000s. For many years, this off-flavour was not specifically characterized and rather grouped under ‘earthy’ and ‘musty’ taints. However, it has become increasingly problematic due to its rising prevalence. In some vineyards, incidents of this off-flavour now occur as frequently as once every five years. This trend may be associated with climatic changes affecting regions that are more prone to warm and wet seasons. After five years of collaborative research involving academic institutions, interprofessional organisations, and private sector partners, new markers have been identified for assessing this novel risk. These findings enhance our understanding of the ‘fresh mushroom off-flavour’ throughout the entire winemaking process, from vineyard cultivation to wine production. Our research strategy used a dual and highly original approach in parallel. The first work package focused on determining mycobiota evolution from vine to wine. We identified specific microbial genera associated with this off-flavour in wines (Destanque et al., 2024). The second work package provided practical benefits for oenologists as we identified a new chemical marker most likely associated with the early stages of this defect development. The compound 1-hydroxy-octan-3-one was identified for the first time (Delcros et al., 2023) as a significant volatile marker involved in fresh mushroom aroma. Combined together, these research advances expand our current knowledge and provide novel solutions and tools for effectively preventing ‘fresh mushroom off-flavour’ in wines.  

References: Delcros L., Costis A., Le Guerneve C., Collas S., Hervé M., Roland A. First identification of a new molecule involved in the fresh mushroom off-flavor in wines: 1-hydroxyoctan-3-one. Food Chem, 413, 2023, Destanque A, Picot A, Pensec F, Pawtowski A, Rolland N, Treguer-Fernandez S, Debaets S, Guérin L, Mercier L, Coton E, Hervé M, Coton M. Contribution of grape berry mycobiota in fresh mushroom aroma production, 2024. Submitted in Oeno One.

Nuovi marcatori per la valutazione del rischio dell’aroma di ‘fungho frescho’ nei vini: un duplice approccio utilizzando strumenti microbiologici e chimici dalla vigna alla cantina

L’aroma di ‘fungho fresoi’ è stato riconosciuto dall’industria vinicola come un difetto emergente a partire dagli anni 2000. Per molti anni, questo aroma non era stato specificamente caratterizzato ed era piuttosto raggruppato sotto le etichette di odori ‘terrosi’ e ‘muffiti’. Tuttavia, è diventato sempre più problematico a causa della sua crescente prevalenza. In alcune vigne, gli episodi di questo aroma si verificanocon una frequenza quasi quinquennale. Questa tendenza potrebbe essere associata ai cambiamenti climatici che interessano regioni più inclini a stagioni calde e umide. Dopo cinque anni di ricerca collaborativa, che ha coinvolto istituti accademici, organizzazioni interprofessionali e partner del settore privato, sono stati identificati nuovi marcatori per valutare questo nuovo rischio. Queste scoperte migliorano la nostra comprensione dell’aroma di ‘fungo fresco’ lungo l’intero processo di produzione del vino, dalla coltivazione del vigneto alla produzione del vino. La nostra strategia di ricerca ha utilizzato un approccio duplice e allo stesso tempo altamente originale. Il primo pacchetto di lavoro si è concentrato sulla determinazione dell’evoluzione del micobiota dalla vite al vino. Abbiamo identificato generi microbici specifici associati a questo aroma nei vini (Destanque et al., 2024). Il secondo pacchetto di lavoro ha fornito benefici pratici per gli enologi attarverso l’identificazione di un nuovo marcatore chimico probabilmente associato alle prime fasi dello sviluppo di questo difetto. Il composto 1-idrossi-ottan-3-one è stato identificato per la prima volta (Delcros et al., 2023) come un importante marcatore volatile coinvolto nell’aroma da fungo fresco. Combinati insieme, questi progressi nella ricerca espandono la nostra conoscenza attuale e forniscono soluzioni e strumenti innovativi per prevenire efficacemente l’aroma di ‘fungo fresco’ nei vini.” 

Referenze: Delcros L., Costis A., Le Guerneve C., Collas S., Hervé M., Roland A. First identification of a new molecule involved in the fresh mushroom off-flavor in wines: 1-hydroxyoctan-3-one. Food Chem, 413, 2023, Destanque A, Picot A, Pensec F, Pawtowski A, Rolland N, Treguer-Fernandez S, Debaets S, Guérin L, Mercier L, Coton E, Hervé M, Coton M. Contribution of grape berry mycobiota in fresh mushroom aroma production, 2024. Submitted in Oeno One

De nouveaux marqueurs pour l’évaluation du risque « d’arôme de champignon frais » dans le vin : une double approche microbiologique et chimique conduite de la vigne au vin

Depuis les années 2000, le défaut « arôme de champignon frais » semble être de plus en plus fréquemment rencontré par les professionnels de la filière viticole. Historiquement classé parmi les défauts « moisi – terreux », il est aujourd’hui spécifiquement décrit et sa prévalence croissante en fait un sujet de préoccupation. Dans certains vignobles, son incidence peut être de l’ordre d’une fois tous les cinq ans. Cette tendance pourrait être liée aux changements climatiques affectant ces régions plus souvent soumises à des épisodes chauds et humides. Fruit d’une collaboration soutenue de cinq années impliquant des centres de recherche académiques, des organisations interprofessionnelles et des partenaires du secteur privé, de nouveaux marqueurs ont été identifiés pour caractériser et évaluer ce risque. Aujourd’hui, ces découvertes améliorent notre compréhension du défaut « arôme de champignon frais » tout au long du process de vinification, depuis le raisin jusqu’au produit fini L’originalité de notre stratégie de recherche a été de privilégier une approche multidisciplinaire sur les domaines de la microbiologie et ceux de la chimie. Le premier volet des travaux s’est concentré sur la caractérisation et l’évolution du mycobiote de la vigne au vin. Nous avons ainsi identifié des genres microbiens spécifiquement associés au défaut « arôme de champignon frais » dans les vins (Destanque et al., 2024). Le second volet de nos travaux a conduit à l’identification d’un nouveau marqueur chimique, utilisable par les œnologues et probablement associé à des stades précoces de l’apparition de ce défaut. Cette nouvelle molécule, la 1-hydroxy-octan-3-one, a été identifiée et caractérisée pour la première fois dans les vins (Delcros et al., 2023) et décrite comme un marqueur significatif de « l’arôme champignon frais ». Combinées, ces différentes avancées élargissent nos connaissances actuelles et fournissent de nouvelles solutions, de nouveaux outils, pour anticiper l’apparition du défaut « arôme de champignon frais » dans les vins. 

References: Delcros L., Costis A., Le Guerneve C., Collas S., Hervé M., Roland A. First identification of a new molecule involved in the fresh mushroom off-flavor in wines: 1-hydroxyoctan-3-one. Food Chem, 413, 2023, Destanque A, Picot A, Pensec F, Pawtowski A, Rolland N, Treguer-Fernandez S, Debaets S, Guérin L, Mercier L, Coton E, Hervé M, Coton M. Contribution of grape berry mycobiota in fresh mushroom aroma production, 2024. Submitted in Oeno One

Publication date: November 18, 2024

Issue: OIV 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Marion Herve¹, Aurélie Roland², Léa Delcros³, Sylvie Colas⁴, Bruno Blondin², Monika Coton⁵, Adrien Destanque⁶, Flora Pensec⁵, Adeline Picot⁵, Emmanuel Coton⁵, Laurence Guerin¹, Laurence Mercier¹

¹ Centre de Recherche Robert-Jean de Vogüé, ZI Pierre et Marie Curie, Oiry, France
² SPO, France
³ SPO – MHCS – CIVC, France
⁴ CIVC, France
⁵ LUBEM, France
⁶ LUBEM – MHCS, France

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Tags

IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2024

Citation

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