Terroir 2012 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Terroir Conferences 9 Terroir 2012 9 Grapegrowing soils 9 Impact of organic inputs on soil biodiversity in vineyard systems. A monitoring approach during 20 years

Impact of organic inputs on soil biodiversity in vineyard systems. A monitoring approach during 20 years

Abstract

Conventional vineyard practices have lead in many environmental disturbances as erosion, soil compaction, loss of organic matter and soil biodiversity, water contamination… Therefore, there is an increasing interest to develop sustainable viticulture in the famous Champagne vineyard for 20 years: a program called “VITI 2000” has been developed since 1986 by CIVC (Inter-professional Committee of Champagne Wine) in collaboration with scientists. The aims are i) to assess the impact of viticultural practices on soil functioning, environmental properties and wine quality, ii) to advice progressively sustainable practices to winegrowers. One strength of this program is to allow a long term field experiment: earthworm communities, microbial biomass, soil and vine parameters were followed during 25 years in 19 plots representing 66 treatments to test the impact of pesticides applications (nematicides, fungicides, herbicides), or organic matter inputs, or vine management (organic vs conventional vs integrated). This program ended in a huge data collection e.g. the data table of earthworm communities (species, body mass, sexual stage) presents more than 39 000 lines. A database, compatible to others soil fauna databases developed by the laboratory EcoBio (University Rennes 1), has been developed. First results indicate that i) grass strip between the vine rows and compost quickly stimulate biological soil processes, while dried organic matter inputs have a slow positive impact, ii) fungicides containing copper alter in the same pattern earthworms and microorganisms, iii) integrated management could be as positive as organic practices. Statistical treatments are still going on and further results will be discussed.

Download the PDF

DOI:

Publication date: August 28, 2020

Issue: Terroir 2012

Type: Article

Authors

Guénola PERES (1), Raphaël MARICHAL (1), Rémi CHAUSSOD (2), Rachida NOUAIM (3), Arnaud DESCOTES (4), Cédric GEORGET (4), Dominique MONTCOMBLE (4), André PERRAUD (4), Antoine DEWISME (1), Daniel CLUZEAU (1)

(1) Université Rennes 1, UMR 6553 Ecobio CNRS-Univ Rennes 1, Station Biologique de Paimpont, 35380 Paimpont, France.
(2) Inra Dijon, UMR microbiologie du sol et de l’environnement, 17 rue Sully BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cedex, France.
(3) SEMSE – Services & Études en Microbiologie des Sols et de l’Environnement, Viévigne, France.
(4) CIVC- Comité Interprofessionnel du Vin de Champagne, 5 rue Henri Martin 51200 Epernay, France.

Contact the author

Keywords

vineyard, organic matter inputs, earthworm communities, microbial biomass

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2012

Citation

Related articles…

Application of a fluorescence-based method to evaluate the ripening process and quality of Pinot Blanc grape

The chemical composition of grape berries at harvest is one of the most important factors that should be considered to produce high quality wines. Among the different chemical classes which characterize the grape juice, the polyphenolic compound, such as flavonoids, contribute to the final taste and color of wines. Recently, an innovative non-destructive method, based on chlorophyll fluorescence, was developed to estimate the phenolic maturity of red grape varieties through the evaluation of anthocyanins accumulated in the berry skin. To date, only few data are available about the application of this method on white grape varieties.

Read More

Bio-protection by one strain of M. Pulcherrima: microbiological and chemical impacts in red wines

In oenology, bio-protection consists in adding bacteria, yeasts or a mixture of microorganisms on grape must before fermentation in order to reduce the use of chemical compounds such as sulphites.

Read More

How much does the soil, climate and viticultural practices contribute to the variability of the terroir expression?

When considering the application of a systemic approach to assess the intrinsic complexity of agricultural production, the following question immediately arises

Read More

Enological potential of autochtonous grape cultivars from Castilla y León (Spain) to elaborate sparkling wines: polyphenolic and biogenic amines and amino acid composition of base wines

In white wines, Verdejo wine stands out because of its high content in total amino acids. The total content in biogenic amines was low in all wines analyzed and putrescine was the predominant biogenic amine.

Read More

Impact of mycorrhizal inoculation of ‘Monastrell’ grapevines grafted onto different conventional vs. newly breed rootstocks 

Grafting Vitis vinifera L. (wine traditional cultivars) onto North American grapevine species or hybrids is a common practice in viticulture given their tolerance against phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae). However, rootstock genetic background affects the response of grapevines to environmental stresses and their ability for establishing a symbiotic relationship with the microbial communities, and more specifically with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF).
The aim of this study was to evaluate Monastrell variety (clone ENTAV 369) grafted onto three rootstocks (140Ru, 110R and RG8) characterized by a different genetic background, in combination with AMF inoculation (Rhizophagus irregularis) vs. a non-inoculated control with regards to vegetative growth, leaf gas exchange parameters, and mycorrhization.

Read More