Precision viticulture: using on-board sensors to map vine variability and characterize vine trajectories

For sustainable viticulture, the substitution of chemical inputs with biocontrol products has become one of the most considered strategies. This strategy is based on elicitor-triggered immunity that requires a deep understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in plant defense activation. Plant immune responses are triggered through the perception of conserved microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) which are recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) at the plasma membrane.

Biofilms are sessile microbial communities whose lifestyle confers specific properties. They can be defined as a structured community of bacterial cells enclosed in a self-produced polymeric matrix and adherent to a surface and considered as a method of immobilisation. Immobilised microorganisms offer many advantages for industrial processes in the production of alcoholic beverages and specially increasing cell densities for a better management of fermentation rates.

Esters play an essential role in the young white wines’ fruity expression, particularly the groups of ethyl esters of fatty acids (EEFAs) and higher alcohol acetates (HAAs) [1]. However, generally, these groups of esters decrease relatively fast during the first two years of ageing [1, 2].

The production of certified grape planting material is one of the most important problems in the Russian federation. According to the scheme for the production of healthy grape planting material, before being introduced into in vitro culture, the source plants of each variety (Moldova, Augustin, Bart) were individually assessed for typical varietal characteristics and the presence/absence of symptoms of infection by pests.

The key points of the current GiESCO charter ‘BIO‐MetaEthics’ are exposed. The new development in cooperation with Giovanni Cargnello is to apply the principles and the content into the practice by establishing a direct contract with producers and other actors of the wine sector. An evaluation sheet is proposed and tested in a new advanced vineyard. For illustrating the methodology of evaluation, the example of the choice of the training systems is detailed on a wide range of situations.