Terroir 2020 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Looking for a more efficient genotypes in water use. A key for a sustainable viticulture

Looking for a more efficient genotypes in water use. A key for a sustainable viticulture

Abstract

Aim: Grapevine has traditionally been widely cultivated in drylands. However, in recent decades, a significant part of the viticulture all over the word and specifically in Mediterranean basin, is being irrigated. In recent years, due to climate change, among other reasons, the available natural water resources have been reduced substantially compromising the sustainability of viticulture, especially in the most arid areas. Therefore, it is necessary to search for genotypes with greater water use efficiency (WUE not only among varieties but also, between clones of the same variety). 

Methods and Results: In this work, 23 clones of cv. Tempranillo were evaluated during five consecutive years in two experiments. First, a three-year field experiment determining the variability in WUE by measuring gas exchange parameters. Second, a two-year experiment in pots, analyzing the response of those Tempranillo clones to different degrees of soil water availability. Different growth parameters, leaf gas exchange rates, and biomass production were measured. Field data of leaf exchange rates and derived parameters showed a wide variability among clones in WUE up to 80% to that previously achieved comparing different cultivars.  These differences appear to be due to differences in photosynthesis capacity rather than to a more efficient control of water loss. Pot experiments reveal differences among clones in biomass production and gas exchange parameters as indicators of plant water use efficiency. A joint analysis of pot and field data showed a consistency in higher and lower WUE genotypes, although significant environmental condition effects were present. 

Conclusions: 

The whole analysis of WUE indicators quantified the degree of variability in WUE among clones, and identified the best and worst water use efficient clones in both well-watered and water deficit conditions.

Significance and Impact of the Study: These findings open new ways for future research focused on the physiological basis of the variations in WUE, and can also be extended to other reputed drought-tolerant cultivars.

Download the PDF

DOI:

Publication date: March 25, 2021

Issue: Terroir 2020

Type : Video

Authors

Ignacio Tortosa1, José M. Escalona1,2*, Hipólito Medrano1,2

1Biology Department, University of Balearic Island, Ctra Valldemossa km 7,5. 07122 Palma, Spain
2Agro-environmental and water economy Research Institute (INAGEA) Ctra Valldemossa km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Spain

Contact the author

Keywords

Vitis vinifera, clones, Tempranillo, drought, water use efficiency

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2020

Citation

Related articles…

Counting grape bunches using deep learning under different fruit and leaf occlusion conditions

Yield estimation is very important for the wine industry since provides useful information for vineyard and winery management. The early yield estimation of the grapevine provides information to winegrowers in making management decisions to achieve a better quantity and quality of grapes. In general, yield forecasts are based on destructive sampling of bunches and manual counting of berries per bunch and bunches per vine.

Read More

Study of the content of amino acids and biogenic amines in sparkling red wines

The production of red sparkling wines is lower in Spain in comparison with the winemaking of white or rosé sparkling wines. In red sparkling wine processing it is essential to obtain suitable base wines that should have moderate alcohol content, high acidity, good color values, an adequate mouth-feel and a sweet tannin. Grapes for sparkling wine production have to be harvested at low maturity stages, with lower alcohol contents and higher acidities, which will that the phenolic maturity of the grapes is also low, showing green tannins. This paper analyses different treatments in order to minimize these inconveniences: cold maceration-prefermentation and delestage to elaborate the grapes with lower maturity, must nanofiltration, and the partial osmosis of the wines made from grapes with an adequate maturity degree.

Read More

Interpreting wine aroma: from aroma volatiles to the aromatic perception

Wine contains so many odorants that all its olfaction-related perceptions are, inevitably, the result of the interaction between many odorants.

Read More

Chemical composition of press and free-run wines from three vintages and Bordeaux grape varieties. A comprehensive analysis

Press wines play a crucial role in red winemaking, representing up to 15% of the final blend [1]. Optimizing their value is essential both economically and for maintaining wine identity, especially given evolving climatic and societal challenges. However, little recent research exists on their composition.

Read More

CONSUMER PERCEPTION OF INTERSPECIFIC HYBRID RED WINE COLOR IN RELATION TO ANTHOCYANIN PROFILE AND CHEMICAL COLOR PARAMETERS

Interspecific hybrid winegrapes are of growing interest in the context of climate change based on their disease resistance and cold hardiness. In addition to a need for increased understanding of their chemical composition, there is little empirical evidence on the consumer perception of non-vinifera wine. Phenolic compounds, and particularly color, play an important organoleptic and quality determination role in wine, but can vary significantly in interspecific hybrid wines compared to wines produced from Vitis vinifera cultivars [1, 2, 3]. Anecdotally, the variation in anthocyanin species, interactions, and concentrations in interspecific hybrids could result in a variance from“vinifera-like” wine color.

Read More