Terroir 2020 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Looking for a more efficient genotypes in water use. A key for a sustainable viticulture

Looking for a more efficient genotypes in water use. A key for a sustainable viticulture

Abstract

Aim: Grapevine has traditionally been widely cultivated in drylands. However, in recent decades, a significant part of the viticulture all over the word and specifically in Mediterranean basin, is being irrigated. In recent years, due to climate change, among other reasons, the available natural water resources have been reduced substantially compromising the sustainability of viticulture, especially in the most arid areas. Therefore, it is necessary to search for genotypes with greater water use efficiency (WUE not only among varieties but also, between clones of the same variety). 

Methods and Results: In this work, 23 clones of cv. Tempranillo were evaluated during five consecutive years in two experiments. First, a three-year field experiment determining the variability in WUE by measuring gas exchange parameters. Second, a two-year experiment in pots, analyzing the response of those Tempranillo clones to different degrees of soil water availability. Different growth parameters, leaf gas exchange rates, and biomass production were measured. Field data of leaf exchange rates and derived parameters showed a wide variability among clones in WUE up to 80% to that previously achieved comparing different cultivars.  These differences appear to be due to differences in photosynthesis capacity rather than to a more efficient control of water loss. Pot experiments reveal differences among clones in biomass production and gas exchange parameters as indicators of plant water use efficiency. A joint analysis of pot and field data showed a consistency in higher and lower WUE genotypes, although significant environmental condition effects were present. 

Conclusions: 

The whole analysis of WUE indicators quantified the degree of variability in WUE among clones, and identified the best and worst water use efficient clones in both well-watered and water deficit conditions.

Significance and Impact of the Study: These findings open new ways for future research focused on the physiological basis of the variations in WUE, and can also be extended to other reputed drought-tolerant cultivars.

Download the PDF

DOI:

Publication date: March 25, 2021

Issue: Terroir 2020

Type : Video

Authors

Ignacio Tortosa1, José M. Escalona1,2*, Hipólito Medrano1,2

1Biology Department, University of Balearic Island, Ctra Valldemossa km 7,5. 07122 Palma, Spain
2Agro-environmental and water economy Research Institute (INAGEA) Ctra Valldemossa km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Spain

Contact the author

Keywords

Vitis vinifera, clones, Tempranillo, drought, water use efficiency

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2020

Citation

Related articles…

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT VITICULTURAL AND ENOLOGICAL PRACTICES ON THE PHENOLIC COMPOSITION OF RED WINES

Global climate change is exerting a notable influence on viticulture sector and grape composition. The increase in temperature and the changes in rainfall pattern are causing a gap between phenolic and technological grape maturities [1]. As a result, the composition of grapes at harvest time and, consequently, that of wines are being affected, especially with regards to phenolic composition. Hence, wine quality is decreasing due to changes in the organoleptic properties, such as color and astringency, making necessary to implement new adaptive technologies in wineries to modulate these properties in order to improve wine quality.

Read More

Effect of intra‐vineyard ripeness variation on the efficiency of commercial enzymes on berry cell wall deconstruction under winemaking conditions

Intra-vineyard variation grape berry ripening occurs within bunches, between bunches on the same vine and between vines. Although it is assumed that such variation also occurs at the grape berry cell wall level, no study to data has investigated in any depth. Here we have used a intra-vineyard panel design to investigate pooled bunches from six vines (per panel) in the context of a winemaking scenario. The dissected vineyard was harvested by separate panels, where each panel was then subjected to a standard winemaking procedure with or without the addition of three different enzyme preparations for maceration.

Read More

Phenolic composition profile of cv. Tempranillo wines obtained from severe shoot pruning vines under semiarid conditions

One of the limitations of vineyards in warm areas is the loss of wine quality due to higher temperatures during the grape ripening period. In order to adapt the vineyards to these new climatic conditions, a possible solution is to delay the ripening process of the grapes towards periods with milder temperatures, by means of management practices and thus improve the quality of the fruit and the wine produced. The technique of severe shoot pruning (SSP) has proven useful in achieving this objective.

Read More

First results obtained with a terrain model to characterize the viticultural «terroirs» in Anjou (France)

En Anjou, une méthode de caractérisation des terroirs viticoles a été développée. Elle utilise un modèle de terrain basé sur la profondeur de sol et son degré d’argilisation.

Read More

Les sols du cru de Bonnezeaux, Thouarcé, Anjou, France

Le cru de Bonnezeaux est une des appellations prestigieuses des vins liquoreux et moelleux des Coteaux du Layon et sa réputation est ancienne. L’INAO a effectué sa délimitation en 1953. Le vignoble est situé au nord de la ville de Thouarcé et au sud du village de Bonnezeaux, le long du versant rive droite du Layon, exposé au sud-ouest. La superficie du vignoble est de 156 ha.

Read More